Advertisement
If you have a new account but are having problems posting or verifying your account, please email us on hello@boards.ie for help. Thanks :)
Hello all! Please ensure that you are posting a new thread or question in the appropriate forum. The Feedback forum is overwhelmed with questions that are having to be moved elsewhere. If you need help to verify your account contact hello@boards.ie
Please note that it is not permitted to have referral links posted in your signature. Keep these links contained in the appropriate forum. Thank you.

https://www.boards.ie/discussion/2055940817/signature-rules
Hi there,
There is an issue with role permissions that is being worked on at the moment.
If you are having trouble with access or permissions on regional forums please post here to get access: https://www.boards.ie/discussion/2058365403/you-do-not-have-permission-for-that#latest

Audi CEO: sale of ICE cars will collapse in 2026

245

Comments

  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 70,172 ✭✭✭✭L1011


    This probably is AI, but those tools are absolutely useless. Feed blocks of well known books in and they come back as AI generated.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 811 ✭✭✭amdaley28


    Some people will believe anything 😏



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,896 ✭✭✭Bobson Dugnutt


    That’s a ChatGPT article.

    Being young is a great advantage, since we see the world from a new perspective and we are not afraid to make radical changes - Greta Thunburg



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,865 ✭✭✭Clo-Clo


    Combustion car sales will fall because they will slowly stop making them. The push at a WW level to reduce Co2 etc will mean alternatives like electric will become the norm.



  • Posts: 0 [Deleted User]


    Right. And the only component in a BEV that requires these "rare earth metals" is the magnets in the permanent magnet motor, if installed, and even on those alternatives are now available. The battery doesn't contain any, and the same metals are needed on ICE in their many small electric motors too.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 692 ✭✭✭kaahooters


    people will move to whats cheapest, EV are cheapest, and with the fuel pricehikes, will be getting cheaper.



  • Registered Users Posts: 220 ✭✭vimalandrew


    At least Audi could produce a better looking EV. Look how worst looking is their Etron ev. But I understand that all the German manufacturers are in deep trouble.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 441 ✭✭SodiumCooled


    I know two different people who can't get any garage to take their EVs as a trade in 2 year old and 3 year old premium brands (looking to trade up into the EVs again even). Someone at work with a year old EV and going back to a hybrid next year. I wouldn't even consider a full EV for many many years yet and this is a sentiment that's quite common. I would consider a hybrid but would still see diesel as first choice for both next car purchases in the household.

    I would be very very surprised if ICE cars are still not comfortably outselling EVs in 2026 and beyond.



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,505 ✭✭✭XsApollo


    Won’t happen in Africa, Oceania, Middle East, or South America , even the us.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 10,961 ✭✭✭✭tom1ie


    They are not cheaper to purchase though.
    If they were more would buy them.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,897 ✭✭✭beachhead


    He must be well clued in on what governments are going to do to boost electric car sales.If they don't move it soon I would expect hydrogen to overtake electric.An AI experimental report or a katie?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 10,961 ✭✭✭✭tom1ie


    Yeah this is a good point and one I’ve mentioned before.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,897 ✭✭✭beachhead


    OK,didn't see that



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 13,375 ✭✭✭✭prawnsambo


    Can't get them to take or don't like their offers?



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,555 ✭✭✭denismc


    All these stories with dealers not taking in EVs nearly always start with " I know a guy" or " I have a friend" .🤔

    My dealer rang me today to see if I wanted to trade up my Ioniq 5 for a new one, while the price they offered for mine was decent, the price of the new car was too much compared to a VW ID4 or Model Y.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,465 ✭✭✭sk8board


    bear in mind that the Audi CEO isn’t just shooting his mouth off - he’s acutely aware of the coming many years of models, materials, tech, R&D, etc etc. the only unknown for auto manufacturers right now is government policy.

    the Toyota CEO made a similar statement about EVs 2-3years ago and the airwaves filled for many weeks that this was Toyota being caught behind the times - when in reality they already knew how the economics of expensive EV car sales were going to go, and are reaping the benefits today.


    Audi/VAG are just trying to shake the trees of government because of the upcoming changes in annual sales quotas of EV v ICE.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 441 ✭✭SodiumCooled


    Will not take it one one case (any dealer in brand or across brands), stupid low ball on the 2 year old one - vastly worse deprecation than a similar ICE car.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 13,375 ✭✭✭✭prawnsambo


    Stupid low ball offers are the order of the day at the moment, regardless of propulsion unit. I have recent direct experience with an ICE vehicle.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,897 ✭✭✭beachhead


    I got a very good trade in price on my ICE in Febuary.Very happy



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 70,172 ✭✭✭✭L1011


    I suspect a lot of them are based off a specific media friendly, second hand only, dealer saying they won't take them.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 4,198 ✭✭✭Buddy Bubs


    Cost to change the only show in town. Would be interesting to see what offers VW give you for your Ioniq 5 against a well priced id4, I bet it will cost just as much to change. Tesla you may forget about trading in. It's smoke and mirrors moving figures around. Well done for recognising it and not getting seduced by decent trade in value.

    My car has technically lost about 18k from my purchase price but it's about 13k cost to change to a brand new one due to new ones now being competitively priced. Still too much of a loss for me in under 2 years to contemplate changing.



  • Registered Users Posts: 55 ✭✭shimadzu


    I've first hand experience of trying to trade up an EV at a dealership, two dealers made it clear they didn't want it and the trade in price offered really reflected that. In the end i sold it privately and moved to a hybrid. Day to day costs of owning an EV were low but significant deprecation and poor reliability really detracted from ownership in the end. My neighbor had a BMW i3 and switched to an new hybrid this year, the I3 cost him 5 grand last year in repairs and 3 grand the year before when anything goes wrong with an EV they cost a small fortune to repair. I find that many EV owners are very vested in the idea of EVs and don't handle criticism of electric cars very well, while EVs continue to improve they still have a way to go before they meet needs of all motorists. I don't think 20 months is a realistic timeline for the demise of ICE cars as most EVs are priced 40K plus with the exception of 2 or 3 cars, until the lower end of the EV market is sufficiently catered for there will still be a significant number of ICE cars sold.



  • Registered Users Posts: 55 ✭✭shimadzu


    I've first hand experience of trying to trade up an EV at a dealership, two dealers made it clear they didn't want it and the trade in price offered really reflected that. In the end i sold it privately and moved to a hybrid. Day to day costs of owning an EV were low but significant deprecation and poor reliability really detracted from ownership in the end. My neighbor had a BMW i3 and switched to an new hybrid this year, the I3 cost him 5 grand last year in repairs and 3 grand the year before when anything goes wrong with an EV they cost a small fortune to repair. I find that many EV owners are very vested in the idea of EVs and don't handle criticism of electric cars very well, while EVs continue to improve they still have a way to go before they meet needs of all motorists. I don't think 20 months is a realistic timeline for the demise of ICE cars as most EVs are priced 40K plus with the exception of 2 or 3 cars, until the lower end of the EV market is sufficiently catered for there will still be a significant number of ICE cars sold.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 692 ✭✭✭kaahooters




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,276 ✭✭✭RainInSummer


    And I got a very good trade in on my EV in January.

    No fuel source meets the need of all motorists. Horses for courses. Sorry to hear you experienced poor reliability. Had one issue in the past 9 years myself.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 4,198 ✭✭✭Buddy Bubs


    Yeah I'd ignore any technology not for sale yet in making my decision on a car purchase, too many unknowns. Treat them as concepts until officially released.

    If and when it's reality, then have a proper look



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,909 ✭✭✭munchkin_utd


    +1

    any sniff of a story about Hydrogen is jumped on by radical anti ev-ers and BMW seen as the saviour against this rising tide.

    The reality is that BMW started construction this week on a new battery plant in rural Bavaria which will employ 3000 when up and running, and they are also building a multi billion euro EV and battery plant in Hungary - which is a pretty good sign that even in BMW they are seeing an Ev dominated future well before anything on the hydrogen front

    https://www.br.de/nachrichten/bayern/bau-des-neuen-bmw-werks-in-niederbayern-beginnt%2CU8laV4f



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 4,198 ✭✭✭Buddy Bubs


    Hydrogen cars are a type of EV / BEV anyway aren't they? Just charge battery cells with hydrogen instead of electricity? I'll admit my knowledge is very limited



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,555 ✭✭✭denismc


    I just watched a review of the new Xiaomi SU7, stunning looking car that undercuts the Model 3 in China by several thousand dollars, I can see why European and US car makers are getting nervous.

    I get the impression that Chinese car makers can undercut European and US cars by quite a bit if they need to.



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 13,375 ✭✭✭✭prawnsambo


    Most likely because they're probably heavily subsidised. EU Commission having a look at that currently.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,465 ✭✭✭sk8board


    can’t understand why hydrogen is even mentioned any more when discussing passenger cars. That ship sailed years ago (no pun intended), and died the day Toyota cancelled the Murai.

    It could probably work for haulage, and truck companies are looking at it

    Electric is really the only show in town when it comes to having an alternative to any propulsion system that has a piston engine, and that will drive improvements in price, range and tech in the coming years. (Yes you can have alternative fuels powering the piston engine, but again, petrol is an amazing fuel in terms of potential-energy/liter, and therefore incredibly hard to have a viable alternative on a mass mass scale - that’s why we’ve used it for over a century!).

    IMHO, the agro at the moment (worldwide) is happening because the EV product is perfect for some, but still not evolved enough for most.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    For now……issue is storage mainly but they can convert it to Efuel, even less efficient, sure and it remains to be seen whether or not they can produce it in enough quantities.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    Yes if using a fuel cell but most fuel cells don't have a lot of peak power available so it uses a battery.

    They can burn hydrogen directly in ICE with minor modifications, storage is an issue at the moment but they can use hydrogen along with Co2 and turn it into a liquid called efuel, not efficient but do-a-ble with tonnes of nuclear which we'll need going forward if the future is EV which I doubt very much.

    Some pretty amazing Nuclear tech on the horizon look up terrapower.

    There's going to be a lot of very disappointed people who think we'll have enough electricity to generate all this power. Audi CEO just talking shyte to be honest.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    A hydrogen Engine with a battery like the BMW i3 would be absolutely amazing, even one that burns veg oil. This would eliminate the need for a expensive roll out of chargers and eliminate charging, I know there are the anti ICE crowd who just can't deal with the fact ICE are still in existence but the Rex was a fantastic system. Long EV range, ICE acted only as a generator no need to wait at chargers.

    A rex like system is the ideal form of transport that would be far better suited to de-carbonising the private car. Has what most people still want, range, quick refill time and the eco worriers get much reduced emissions.

    There's no one going to force people to spend 40K + on cars that take ages to fill up while making the most practical transport we have unavailable. I hope common sense will be restored.

    remember, Ireland is a small Island and BEV is not a viable mode of transport for the mileage others do on the continent, people want to stop for all that charging to take a leak that's their business but the majority don't want to stop every 300 km to wait 40 mins for a 250 km charge when their ICE can fill in 2 mins for up to 1000 kms. EV is not a viable alternative to EV and I say this as a EV owner since 2015, I would not have one as my only car.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    What

    The anti ICE crowd would try their utmost to have everyone driving a Car with technology they want others to drive and would actually support removing the ICE from purchase because they feel EV is suited for everyone and it will somehow benefit the Earth, Where is the electricity going to come from in Ireland alone if we struggle to keep the lights on as it is with the data centres sucking so much out of the grid.

    Has anyone calculated the amount of energy that will be required for a change to EV in this space of time is this going to come out of a magical source of energy ? Removing from the market cars people want, it will make people drive cars that are older and older.

    As I said, a BMW i3 Rex type system would have reduced a lot of emissions because people could have had 200 odd Kms range on EV and use the generator for the rest, fill up in seconds instead of 30-50 mins or more if there's a queue.

    We have 2 cars one is a diesel and I'm EV driver since 2015 and I wouldn't have one if we didn't have the diesel.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 65,936 ✭✭✭✭unkel
    Chauffe, Marcel, chauffe!


    You're still smoking the funny cigarettes? 😂

    PHEV and hydrogen never were and never will be mainstream. BEV and BEV only is the way forward for ALL transport, possible only exception is intercontinental shipping

    Next time around, maybe you could try a long range EV that can quickly and easily charge? As you say you're driving EVs for nearly a decade now, but things have changed quite a bit. Doesn't even have to be a Tesla anymore to do the above, although it still is by far the best long range driving experience



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 13,691 ✭✭✭✭fits


    Mad Lad has a long range EV that can easily charge.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 65,936 ✭✭✭✭unkel
    Chauffe, Marcel, chauffe!


    Well it looks like he doesn't use it as his first car then for long family trips (to Germany)? He said his first car is a diesel. He probably mostly uses the EV for his own commute then.

    Personally I would be a lot happier in driving a 60kWh Model 3 or Y RWD on a 5k km trip round Europe than a similar priced 82kWh ID.3 for the much faster charging and the SuC network. And I thought the ID.3 can't charge very fast, even if you pay extra for the optional extra charging speed?

    Edit, a quick google would suggest that an ID.3 with the optional faster charging doesn't really get more than 100kW? That was fast 12 years ago (Tesla had 130kW in 2012) but in 2024 this is woefully slow. This must be why he mentioned having to stop for 45 minutes to charge. Fast charging EVs these days take only 15-20 minutes to get enough range until you need to stop again anyway



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    Well, I did feel like this place was rather dull without me 😁

    BEV might be the future in a long time, what some people here think is suitable for everyone isn't suitable for everyone, there might be a breakthrough in solid state batteries but that's a long way off and it won't be cheap.

    We live on a small Island and can't drive too far, there are a lot of people who can drive from country to country and can't be bothered with the hassle but EV is an ideal 2nd hand vehicle for those who can afford them. I wouldn't have EV if it we didn't have the outlander.

    If this ICE ban does go ahead then a lot of people will just drive their cars longer and longer and maybe that's a good thing because we're a wasteful lot.

    PHEV are ideal alternatives for single car families, but none are so good as the Rex sadly but a car the size of the ID3/4 could have a 40 Kwh battery and you sill get greatly reduced emissions and you then don't need a charging infrastructure or to hang around at chargers a perfect solution to get a lot more people driving on battery with the ICE there for whenever they need which can run on biofuel even better.

    Hydrogen can be produced easy, just transport and storage are issues currently which is one reason efuels were invented and are direct petrol and diesel replacements, a long way off yet if ever but interesting alternative to alternative fuels all the same.

    We're not going to decarbonise without a huge investment in nuclear.

    The Anti ICE crowd are just as bad as the anti EV crowd.

    I'm never paying 40K or more on cars again, it's a complete waste of money at the end of the day and If I choose to get another car it won't be EV either. That's a lot of money the Government get off me and Public charging is a lot more expensive now too.

    I



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 13,691 ✭✭✭✭fits


    I got 134 kw charging in France during the summer. Max speed is 135. It might not be the fastest out there but it’s far from the slowest. Moot for us anyway as rarely need to charge in public with that big battery.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    Even if they were cheap to purchase you'd probably end up with 60 Hp 28 Kwh battery and 50 Kw DC charging or average 30 kw. Cheap doesn't make them viable alternatives in my opinion.

    When EV can do what ICE at the same cost then sure. But people are sensible and not willing to shell out 40-70 K on a new EV, this would be much better sitting in the bank locked away for xx years on the highest interest saving investment you can get. A lot of people aren't willing to go out and spend 40K on a car that depreciated heavily.

    Many people are buying on PCP buying much more expensive cars than they would have in the past because Hire purchase and bank loan tell people the horrors of new car costs where as PCP just fools people into thinking they pay 450-500 a month and there's no balloon at the end, and the end does come or people will be endlessly paying for cars.

    What can the EV do better than your Dacia from a cost saving perspective ? nothing, what can it do a whole lot better ? refill in a few mins and go way further on a tank of fuel.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    Many EV owners insist that they drive the best most technologically advanced planet saving cars and anyone who drive ICE should be practically jailed for crimes against the planet.

    There are EV owners who simply think that everyone should drive EV because it suits them because they're enthusiasts and would gladly see ICE put off the road and support government proposals to do the same and restrict access to city and towns , they would jump for joy at the thoughts of it yet all this does is penalise those whose only mode of transport is ICE and can't afford to spend 5K let alone 40-70 K on an EV.

    There's a long life left in the ICE whether we choose it or not, the people of the World are not going to tolerate an inferior mode of transport, we live on a small Island and our travel by car is greatly restricted unless we want to take ferries all the time but in many other countries they're not going to tolerate anything less than ICE style range and recharge times.

    Good 2nd hand cars but not ICE replacements.



  • Registered Users Posts: 531 ✭✭✭electricus


    🤷‍♂️ You want to use efficiently generated electricity to hydrolyse water at less than 50% efficiency, to make some vapourware e fuel with further losses, only to to burn it at 20% efficiency?? Why, because you think charging an EV is too much of a problem?? What did they do to you in Boards jail!? 😂



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    Well it looks like he doesn't use it as his first car then for long family trips (to Germany)? He said his first car is a diesel. He probably mostly uses the EV for his own commute then.

    Never drove to Germany, her parents will drive here though and will be here in May again ffs ( I pray for rough seas ) anyway, they wouldn't take their E-Soul, not a hope, they'll take the ICE and it's the same when they travel to different countries they will take the ICE for convenience. Aren't they so lucky though to be able to take such long trips to different countries without having to fly or sail ? we can't do this + we got **** weather lol.

    I haven't been in Germany since 2019 lol.

    Personally I would be a lot happier in driving a 60kWh Model 3 or Y RWD on a 5k km trip round Europe than a similar priced 82kWh ID.3 for the much faster charging and the SuC network. And I thought the ID.3 can't charge very fast, even if you pay extra for the optional extra charging speed?

    ID3 77 Kwh can charge at 130 Kw and hold high charge for a while, I only saw this once when plugged in at 7% never saw it before or after, plug in from 20% and above and you will see around 60 Kw max, a joke but all that aside, the infrastructure is a pain and you just can't beat the convenience of the ICE for range alone.

    Edit, a quick google would suggest that an ID.3 with the optional faster charging doesn't really get more than 100kW? That was fast 12 years ago (Tesla had 130kW in 2012) but in 2024 this is woefully slow. This must be why he mentioned having to stop for 45 minutes to charge. Fast charging EVs these days take only 15-20 minutes to get enough range until you need to stop again anyway

    It will charge at 130 Kw at 10% or below from 20% and above around 60 Kw but the issue really is the poor network, the Island has many 45 Kw chargers, this is utter shyte. We were in Ennis last Saint Patricks weekend couldn't find a working charger but had enough to get to the holiday home where I asked the owner if we could plug in on granny and he said sure no problem I recorded the meter and will record it after lol, fair play , he didn't charge us after.

    I still insist, EV perfect 2nd EV if you're willing to shell out so much on a 2nd car, alternatively a bio-fuelled Rex type system gives the benefits of EV driving with no worries ever about charging, I mean how can people have got so anti ICE ? Surely the objective is to lower emissions and if doing so means having an ICE in the car if people prefer this surely this is a great way to encourage people to EV mainly transport ? plug in at home fire up the jenny on the long trip.

    people need options and need options that suit them, If I had only 1 car option and it was full EV say what I have now around 70 kwh or PHEV with 40 kwh, I'd choose the 40 Kwh no bother.

    Admittedly it was probably a mistake getting the 77 Kwh, while it can get me from Carlow to Belfast doing the limits and more even in Winter and still have 30% there are many trips where it's far more inconvenient and I simply don't bother + DC charging is quite expensive now too so we take the outlander. So let this be a lesson to others, if you got two cars at home think carefully about buying a car with range you might only use occasionally, it's not worth big money with depreciation so high because I was offered low 20K on my 77 Kwh which is the same as what you can get the 58 kwh for.



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    I escaped lol.

    Yes but if hydrogen is a problem to store, and you can liquefy it in the process + suck Co2 from the atmosphere or use industrial Co2 and have green energy to generate it then why not ?

    Do you seriously think if was can hardly support all the data centres on the grid that we can power hundreds of thousands of cars off the grid ?

    There's a whole new breed of nuclear reactor designs on the horizon that will be vastly superior and cheaper to build and I believe we can not decarbonise without Nuclear, it's just a pipe dream, but the sooner we realise this the sooner we can make it legal in Ireland instead of being always dependent on foreign energy.

    The safety concerns of Nuclear are based on 1950's and 60s technology, terrapower are working on much newer designs that are very efficient, refuel every 30 years and produce a fraction of the waste + can burn the waste stored from existing reactors. Construction should have begun already in the US on an Experimental reactor.

    While hydrogen is difficult to manage and efuel even less efficient, efuel has the huge advantage of being liquid and can be used in all ICE vehicles because if you ban new ICE cars you end up with what they call the Havana effect where people will be driving 40+ year old cars because they can neither afford the EV or because they are not good enough for their needs so if we have a drop in carbon neutral fuel or even better then why not ? is it because some believe the ICE doesn't belong in 2024 and beyond or because they don't want to see it ?



  • Registered Users Posts: 531 ✭✭✭electricus


    Efficient for goods transport, shipping, and maybe jet fuel, but not cars. Storing and transporting liquid hydrogen requires a lot of energy, and currently there is no way to stop it from leaking.

    I don’t know about e fuels but the electricity required to refine a 50 litre tank of petrol would power your ID.3 for around 550km.

    Not saying it’s not impossible but maybe not the best options just because they’re similar to our current liquid fuels.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 986 ✭✭✭Mad_Lad


    Nothing is the best option for everyone not ICE or Fully electrics so there needs to be cars that suit everyone.

    Yes, charging batteries is more efficient than Efuel, a lot more efficient, if we had a lot more nuclear energy then we could make a lot of efuel, the reality is that there is no way our grid can support 100% new cars to be electric in 2035 it's a pipe dream but why don't they come after the commercial drivers first ? why arent the Government putting the burden of carbon tax on the data centres instead of allowing a situation where they pay almost nothing for electricity why should we bear the brunt of the cost ? whatever Ireland does or doesn't do has no measurable effect on Co2 to begin with but the corporations are the big polluters so come after them first, stop their electricity subsidies and tax breaks and make them pay their fair share.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 24,505 ✭✭✭✭lawred2


    Can these batteries really be produced at scale indefinitely?



  • Registered Users Posts: 531 ✭✭✭electricus


    Based on current batteries ? probably not but the technology will continue to evolve, making use of new chemistries, solid state, higher energy density, etc.



  • Advertisement
Advertisement