Russia - threadbanned users in OP

The mitigating news is that the terminal wasn't exactly exporting much anyway, due to the naval problem.

Ukraine has been working madly on its rail connections with Poland. The problem is there is a required change of rolling stock due to different gauges, but trains are pretty capable at moving grain en masse once they get themselves sorted out with transfer capacity. We won't be talking North American levels of efficiency here, but getting the grain onto the Western European rail network will then give it access to the major ports like Gdansk or Antwerp and will be a significant boost to export. The big question is if there are enough grain cars on the European rolling stock inventory. Ukrainian should be better, as they use it to get to the Ukrainian ports in the first place.

Again, unsure. Ukrainian railways currently have a fleet of some 12,000 hopper cars, sufficient for 40mn tons a year, but the main backlog thus far is the transfer to the Western railways. There are two factors: Number of cars, and capacity of the transfer stations. Right now, the transfer stations are the main backlog, but that's getting fixed more easily than the fleet problem.

The current Western inventory is obviously based on the premise of 'normal' supply and demand. It's not as if DB is going to have a couple hundred grain cars sitting unused on a siding somewhere just in case Ukraine decides to use Amsterdam instead of Odessa for shipping grain, and the larger Western grain producing countries like Canada and US don't have rolling stock compatible with Europe's rail system even if they were to ship them over (There is precedent for US locomotives and rolling stock operating in Europe in emergency, such as during and just after the war, but that was normally purpose-built for the smaller European specifications).

The best way of dealing with the problem in the short term (At least grain cars aren't particularly difficult to build if anyone puts the money to it) is better efficiency of the extant fleet. Prioritize grain trains on the rails and at turnaround facilities, the less time the cars spend sitting still the better. The catch is that it may inconvenience other cargos. They're doing OK, rail exports of grain have almost doubled in two months and are expected to continue increasing.