Anti-vaxxers

Billy86 · 11-04-2019 12:51am

ancapailldorcha wrote: »

Billy, it's so much worse than that. Wakefield was responsible for carrying out of painful, invasive and unnecessary testing including colonoscopies and lumbar punctures on autistic children. He withheld that he had a competing patent to MMR when applying for ethical clearance and now makes a fortune peddling dangerous misinformation.

Oh I know, but it's a noteworthy introduction as to why his "research" is such utter bull**** for those who may not have looked into it much. It is literally a case of trying to manipulate the data to fit your agenda... then just point blank lying and making things up when there's not even enough evidence to manage that.

Igotadose · 11-04-2019 9:07am

A bit more on the NYC measles epidemic. Seems 21 children are in the ICU. Yet another thing the anti-vaxxers miss: if you do contract one of these diseases, horrible things can happen. In fact, I think (someone on the thread here would know better) that the treatment for measles in bad cases is very complex and expensive. All completely avoidable.

But, hey, anti-vax religion requires its sacrifices.

https://www.skepticalraptor.com/skepticalraptorblog.php/mandatory-measles-vaccinations-new-york-city-anti-vaccine-lies/

Igotadose · 11-04-2019 12:04pm

hey, some good anti-vax news: GoFundMe's no longer allowing anti-vax sites. Cool!

'GoFundMe, used by 500,000 Irish people, says anti-vaccination information represents a public health risk.

Speaking to the Irish Independent, the chief executive of GoFundMe said the decision had been made to prevent "misinformation".'

https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/health/gofundme-bans-antivaxxers-as-being-risk-to-public-health-through-misinformation-38004008.html

ancapailldorcha · 11-04-2019 12:09pm

It's well past time these platforms accepted that they're partly responsible for allowing the pro-disease brigade to spread their poison. The more companies who follow suit the better.

Capt'n Midnight · 15-04-2019 8:04pm

Good news everyone!

There's a cure for autism. But you're not going to like it.

The science side will be upset that the sample size is small (but still larger than Wakefield's)

And the anti-vaxx side will be upset when they're told to eat sh*t.

Igotadose · 15-04-2019 8:34pm

Lack of vaccination in adults (so, not 100% attributable to anti-vax), costs the US an estimated $9bn/year. Most of that is flu vaccine and chicken pox vaccine (shingles vaccine for adults - shingles is misery for adults and is a leading cause of suicide in adults.)

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/antivaxxers-costing-americans-billions-each-year-191839191.html

Cost would be higher if children were included. 465 measles cases in the US so far this year.

ancapailldorcha · 15-04-2019 10:23pm

Capt'n Midnight wrote: »

Good news everyone!

There's a cure for autism. But you're not going to like it.

The science side will be upset that the sample size is small (but still larger than Wakefield's)

And the anti-vaxx side will be upset when they're told to eat sh*t.

There's been research on mice behaviour going on for ages in Texas that has produced some baffling results. Gut microbiota have a level of impact on behaviour that's unheard of.

I wouldn't call it a cure though. We're nowhere near that stage.

batgoat · 15-04-2019 10:33pm

ancapailldorcha wrote: »

There's been research on mice behaviour going on for ages in Texas that has produced some baffling results. Gut microbiota have a level of impact on behaviour that's unheard of.

I wouldn't call it a cure though. We're nowhere near that stage.

Also wouldn't rule out that there's a pretty reasonable evolutionary basis and I'm genuinely doubtful on if there's a need to cure it.

Fecal transplants are great, disappointingly do nothing for crohns but are shown to be effective for ulcerative colitis. I'd say my family are relieved though as it's most effective with family member's fecal matter.... This is such a bad speciality topic...

CramCycle · 15-04-2019 10:36pm

Its a fascinating area, i used to work alongside a guy, now in Cork who was big into this area. It's really fascinating when you look at a range of other areas, as well as treatments for medical issues, the looking at gut microbiota of elite athletes is fascinating. Not to mention the relation to a range of neurological disorders and metabolic disorders.

15-04-2019 10:46pm

batgoat wrote: »

Also wouldn't rule out that there's a pretty reasonable evolutionary basis and I'm genuinely doubtful on if there's a need to cure it.

Fecal transplants are great, disappointingly do nothing for crohns but are shown to be effective for ulcerative colitis. I'd say my family are relieved though as it's most effective with family member's fecal matter.... This is such a bad speciality topic...

Unfortunately you know something best when you've got it or similar.

batgoat · 15-04-2019 10:46pm

CramCycle wrote: »

Its a fascinating area, i used to work alongside a guy, now in Cork who was big into this area. It's really fascinating when you look at a range of other areas, as well as treatments for medical issues, the looking at gut microbiota of elite athletes is fascinating. Not to mention the relation to a range of neurological disorders and metabolic disorders.

I also knew a guy who moved to Cork to study this area...

waxmoth · 17-04-2019 11:03am

Capt'n Midnight wrote: »

Good news everyone!

There's a cure for autism. But you're not going to like it.

The science side will be upset that the sample size is small (but still larger than Wakefield's)

The paper attributes improvement to an increase in bifidobacteria and prevotella. These bacteria are involved in folate synthesis and improvements have also been shown with oral folinic acid. Wakefield’s paper referred to b12 deficiency which is linked to folate deficiency. Dr. Andrew Zimmerman’s reasoning on the link between vaccination and autism in a proportion of cases is also in this general area as folate and b12 are involved in mitochondrial function.
https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/pdfplus/10.2217/bmm-2017-0109
Exley’s paper on high aluminium levels in brain tissue of autism cases is another important finding and should be followed up.

CramCycle · 17-04-2019 1:24pm

waxmoth wrote: »

The paper attributes improvement to an increase in bifidobacteria and prevotella. These bacteria are involved in folate synthesis and improvements have also been shown with oral folinic acid. Wakefield’s paper referred to b12 deficiency which is linked to folate deficiency. Dr. Andrew Zimmerman’s reasoning on the link between vaccination and autism in a proportion of cases is also in this general area as folate and b12 are involved in mitochondrial function.
https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/pdfplus/10.2217/bmm-2017-0109

This is interesting, although seems to indicate enzyme and vitamin deficiency are possibly a factor in Autism, which is quite possible considering other indicative studies in the area relating to the microbiome.

Exley’s paper on high aluminium levels in brain tissue of autism cases is another important finding and should be followed up.

Exley published a highly dubious paper, then claimed when pointed out that the averages he gave where misleading, that the journal forced him to do this. There were no controls, he sat on the board of the journal and mis-references himself, as well as the only paper I could see of his that he might have meant, still doesn't even come close to saying what he claims, even though he wrote it. In fact, that pair makes it look more like there is not a high level of Aluminium in the brains he looked at but considering there are no controls, no histories and a sample size I can count on my fingers, it is hard to understand how the paper was not pulled yet, more surprised it ever got out the door of his office in the first place it is so poorly constructed.

TL:DR he actually hasn't found anything, and a review of raw data from previous studies would make more sense, but even with that, his own previous papers would indicate that there is nothing there of note.

jh79 · 17-04-2019 3:04pm

waxmoth wrote: »

The paper attributes improvement to an increase in bifidobacteria and prevotella. These bacteria are involved in folate synthesis and improvements have also been shown with oral folinic acid. Wakefield’s paper referred to b12 deficiency which is linked to folate deficiency. Dr. Andrew Zimmerman’s reasoning on the link between vaccination and autism in a proportion of cases is also in this general area as folate and b12 are involved in mitochondrial function.
https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/pdfplus/10.2217/bmm-2017-0109
Exley’s paper on high aluminium levels in brain tissue of autism cases is another important finding and should be followed up.

Science Based Medicine have covered Exleys paper.

Finally, there’s aspect of this study that angers me greatly. Brain tissue is a precious resource. Tissue from autistic brains is an even more precious resource. This poorly designed, poorly executed, poorly analyzed study squandered some of that precious resource in the service of a study that tells us nothing scientifically useful about autism that could lead to a deeper understanding of the abnormalities of the autistic brain and the pathogenesis of this neurodevelopmental disorder. Such a waste of precious tissue borders on the criminal.

https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/move-over-christopher-shaw-theres-a-new-antivaccine-scientist-in-town/

Igotadose · 17-04-2019 4:17pm

Over 500 measles cases this year in the US. https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/439018-five-things-to-know-about-the-measles-outbreak

Expectation is 1-2 deaths per 1000 cases. Good job, anti-vax.

Igotadose · 21-04-2019 9:48am

More on the US and international measles epidemics: https://www.popsci.com/current-measles-outbreaks-information-update#page-3
Thousands ill in Madagascar, hundreds dead. Costa Rica *may* have contained an outbreak, not clear yet.

Not in that article, but an El-Al airlines flight attendant is in a coma due to measles as well and has encephalitis. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/measles-outbreak-flight-attendant-in-coma-after-contracting-measles/

Anti-vax, the gift that keeps giving. Blood on the hands of the anti-vax movement.

mamablue · 22-04-2019 4:24pm

jh79 wrote: »

Science Based Medicine have covered Exleys paper.

Finally, there’s aspect of this study that angers me greatly. Brain tissue is a precious resource. Tissue from autistic brains is an even more precious resource. This poorly designed, poorly executed, poorly analyzed study squandered some of that precious resource in the service of a study that tells us nothing scientifically useful about autism that could lead to a deeper understanding of the abnormalities of the autistic brain and the pathogenesis of this neurodevelopmental disorder. Such a waste of precious tissue borders on the criminal.

https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/move-over-christopher-shaw-theres-a-new-antivaccine-scientist-in-town/

Did you read the paper? It appears not! It specifically states that the brain samples where very small. The paper shows that the brains of autistic children were very high in aluminium. And also also mentions white blood cells. IT's a ground breaking study and needs to be followed up. I have a copy of the paper if you'd like to read it.

I find it ironic that you quote some random website just because it calls itself "science based medicine" and then go on to criticise an actual scientist, who has a PhD in the ecotoxicology of aluminium (University of Stirling) and has been doing research at Keele university - no less - studing ONLY ALUMINIUM since 1984, publishing numerous books and well recognised studies co-authored with numerous other scientists:

Chris Exley Publications
Books
(1) Authored books
(2) Edited collection
EXLEY C (Editor) (2001) Aluminium and Alzheimer's Disease: The Science that Describes the Link. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 441p.
(3) Chapters in books
EXLEY C & PHILLIPS MJ (1988) Acid rain: Implications for the farming of salmonids. In: (MUIR JF & ROBERTS RJ) (Eds) Recent Advances in Aquaculture, Volume 3 (Croom Helm, London) pp. 225-341.
EXLEY C, BURGESS E, DAY JP, JEFFERY EH, MELETHIL S & YOKEL RA (1997) Aluminium toxicokinetics. In: RA YOKEL & MS GOLUB (Eds) Research Issues in Aluminium Toxicity (Taylor & Francis, Washington DC, USA) pp. 117-132.
HARRIS WR, BERTHON G, DAY JP, EXLEY C, FLATEN TP, FORBES WF, KISS T, ORVIG C & ZATTA PF (1997) Speciation of aluminium in biological systems. In: RA YOKEL & MS GOLUB (Eds) Research Issues in Aluminium Toxicity (Taylor & Francis, Washington DC, USA) pp. 91-116.
SAVORY J, EXLEY C, FORBES WF, HUANG Y, JOSHI JG, KRUCK T, MCLACHLAN DRC & WAKAYAMA I (1996) Can the controversy of the role of aluminium in Alzheimer's disease be resolved? What are the suggested approaches to this controversy and methodological issues to be considered? In: RA YOKEL & MS GOLUB (Eds) Research Issues in Aluminium Toxicity (Taylor & Francis, Washington DC, USA) pp. 185-206.
EXLEY C (2001) Preface. Why is research into aluminium and life important? In: EXLEY C (Ed) Aluminium and Alzheimer's Disease: The Science that Describes the Link (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) pp. V-VIII.
EXLEY C & KORCHAZHKINA O (2001) The association of aluminium and beta amyloid in Alzheimer's disease. In: Aluminium and Alzheimer's Disease: The Science that Describes the Link. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 421-433.
EXLEY C (2005) The Aluminium-Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis and Alzheimer's Disease. In: Alzheimer's Disease: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Amyloid beta. Subcellular Biochemistry 38, (Eds. Harris R & Fahrenholz F) pp. 225-234.
EXLEY C (2007) The solubility of hydroxyaluminosilicates and the biological availability of aluminium. In: Thermodynamics, Solubility and Environmental Issues (Ed. Letcher TM), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 315-325.
EXLEY C (2009) Aluminium and Medicine. In; Molecular and Supramolecular Bioinorganic Chemistry: Applications in Medical Sciences. (Ed. ALR Merce, J Felcman, MAL Recio), Nova Science Publishers Inc. New York, pp. 45-68.
EXLEY C (2009) Silicon in Life: Whither Biological Silicifcation? In; Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology (Eds. WEG Müller, MA Grachev), Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, Marine Molecular Biotechnology, 47, pp. 173-184.
EXLEY C and HOUSE ER (2012) Aluminium in the human brain. In: Metal Ions in Neurological Systems (Linert W. & Kozlowski H. Eds) Springer pp. 95-102.
Exley C (2012) Aluminium in biological systems. Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins (Kretsinger RH, Permyakov EA, Uversky VN eds.) Springer Science (In the press).
Articles
(1) Peer reviewed journals
BIRCHALL JD, EXLEY C, CHAPPELL JS & PHILLIPS MJ (1989) Acute toxicity of aluminium to fish eliminated in silicon-rich acid waters. Nature, 338, pp. 146-148.
BIRCHALL JD, EXLEY C & CHAPPELL JS (1989) Silicon in natural waters and the bioavailability of aluminium. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 36, pp. 317.
EXLEY C, CHAPPELL JS & BIRCHALL JD (1991) A mechanism for acute aluminium toxicity in fish. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 151, pp. 417-428.
BIRCHALL JD & EXLEY C (1992) Silicon and the bioavailability of aluminium. Metal Compounds in Environment and Life,4, pp. 411-418.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1992) Hydroxyaluminosilicate formation in solutions of low total aluminium concentration. Polyhedron, 11, pp. 1901-1907.
EXLEY C & STRUTHERS W (1992) The localisation of aluminium in the tissues of the rainbow trout. Aquaculture, 100, pp. 323-324.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1992) The cellular toxicity of aluminium. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 159, pp. 83-98.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1993) A mechanism of hydroxyaluminosilicate formation. Polyhedron, 12, 1007-1017.
EXLEY C, TOLLERVEY A, GRAY G, ROBERTS S & BIRCHALL JD (1993) Silicon, aluminium and the biological availability of phosphorus in algae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, 253, pp. 93-99.
EXLEY C, PRICE NC, KELLY SM & BIRCHALL JD (1993) An interaction of beta-amyloid with aluminium in vitro. FEBS Letters 324, 293-295.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1993) Aluminium and Alzheimer's Disease. Age and Ageing, 22, pp. 391-392.
EXLEY C, PRICE NC & BIRCHALL JD (1994) Aluminium inhibition of hexokinase activity in vitro: a study in biological availability. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 54, 297-304.
EXLEY C, WICKS AJ, HUBERT RB & BIRCHALL JD (1994) Polynuclear aluminium and acute aluminium toxicity in the fish. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 167, pp. 415-416.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1995) Comment on "An assessment of complex formation between aluminium and silicic acid in acidic solutions". Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 59, 5, 1017-1018.
EXLEY C, SCHLEY L, MURRAY S, HACKNEY CM & BIRCHALL JD (1995) Aluminium, beta-amyloid and non-enzymatic glycosylation. FEBS Letters 364, 182-184.
EXLEY C (1996) Aluminium in the brain and heart of the rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology 48, 706-713.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1996) Biological availability of aluminium in commercial ATP. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 63, 241-252.
EXLEY C, WICKS AJ, HUBERT RB & BIRCHALL JD (1996) Kinetic constraints in acute aluminium toxicity in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Theoretical Biology 179, 25-31.
EXLEY C, BURGESS E, DAY JP, JEFFERY EH, MELETHIL S & YOKEL RA (1996) Aluminium toxicokinetics. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 48, 569-584.
HARRIS WR, BERTHON G, DAY JP, EXLEY C, FLATEN TP, FORBES WF, KISS T, ORVIG C & ZATTA PF (1996) Speciation of aluminium in biological systems. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 48, 543-568.
SAVORY J, EXLEY C, FORBES WF, HUANG Y, JOSHI JG, KRUCK T, MCLACHLAN DRC & WAKAYAMA I (1996) Can the controversy of the role of aluminium in Alzheimer's disease be resolved? What are the suggested approaches to this controversy and methodological issues to be considered? Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 48, 615-635.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1996) Silicic acid and the biological availability of aluminium. European Journal of Soil Science, 47, pp. 137.
EXLEY C (1996) In vitro toxicity of beta-amyloid. Biochemical Journal 314, 709.
EXLEY C (1996) Amyloid, aluminium and the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Medical Journal of Australia, 164, pp. 252-253.
EXLEY C (1996) Aluminium-containing DTP vaccines. The Lancet Infectious Diseases B, p. 324.
EXLEY C (1997) ATP-promoted amyloidosis of an amyloid beta peptide. Neuroreport 8, 3411-3414.
EXLEY C, PINNEGAR JK & TAYLOR H (1997) Hydroxyaluminosilicates and acute aluminium toxicity in fish. Journal of Theoretical Biology 189, 133-139.
EXLEY C (1998) Does antiperspirant use increase the risk of aluminium-related disease, including Alzheimer's disease? Molecular Medicine Today 4, 107-109.
EXLEY C (1998) Silicon in life: A bioinorganic solution to bioorganic essentiality. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 69, 139-144.
KORCHAZHKINA O, WRIGHT G & EXLEY C (1998) Action of Al-ATP on the isolated working rat heart. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 69, 153-158.
EXLEY C (1998) The precipitation of mucin by aluminium. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 70, 195-206.
KORCHAZHKINA O, WRIGHT G & EXLEY C (1999) Intravascular ATP and coronary vasodilation in the isolated working rat heart. British Journal of Pharmacology 127, 701-708.
EXLEY C (1999) A molecular mechanism of aluminium-induced Alzheimer's disease? Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 76, 133-140.
KORCHAZHKINA OV, WRIGHT G & EXLEY C (1999) No effect of aluminium upon the hydrolysis of ATP in the coronary circulation of the isolated working rat heart. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 76, 121-126
EXLEY C (2000) Avoidance of aluminium by rainbow trout. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 19, 933-939
DOUCET FJ, SCHNEIDER C, BONES SJ, KRETCHMER A, MOSS I, TEKELY P & EXLEY C (2001) The formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates of geochemical and biological significance. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 65, 2461-2467.
EXLEY C & KORCHAZHKINA O (2001) Promotion of formation of amyloid fibrils by aluminium adenosine triphosphate (AlATP). Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 84, 215-224.
SCHNEIDER C & EXLEY C (2001) Silicic acid (Si(OH)4) is a significant influence upon the atomic absorption signal of aluminium measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 87, 45-50.
DOUCET FJ, ROTOV ME & EXLEY C (2001) Direct and indirect identification of the formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates (HAS) in acidic solutions. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 87, 71-79.
EXLEY C & KORCHAZHKINA OV (2001) Plasmin cleaves A[beta]42 in vitro and prevents its aggregation into b-pleated sheet structures. Neuroreport 12, 2967-2970.
EXLEY C, SCHNEIDER C & DOUCET FJ (2002) The reaction of aluminium with silicic acid in acidic solution: An important mechanism in controlling the biological availability of aluminium? Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 228, pp. 127-135.
KORCHAZHKINA OV, ASHCROFT AE, KISS T & EXLEY C (2002)The degradation of Ab25-35 by the serine protease plasmin is inhibited by aluminium. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 4, pp. 357-367.
KORCHAZHKINA OV, ASHCROFT AE, CROOM J & EXLEY C (2003) Does either the gastrointestinal peptide PYY or the neuropeptide NPY bind aluminium? Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 94, pp. 372-380.
KORCHAZHKINA OV, EXLEY C & SPENCER SA (2003) Measurement by RP- HPLC of malondialdehyde in normal human urine following derivitization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Journal of Chromatography B, 794, pp. 353-362.
EXLEY C (2003) A biogeochemical cycle for aluminium? Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 97, pp. 1-7.
EXLEY C (2004) The prooxidant activity of aluminium. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 36, pp. 380-387.
HOUSE E, COLLINGWOOD J, KHAN A, KORCHAZHKINA O, BERTHON G & EXLEY C (2004) Aluminium, iron, zinc and copper influence the in vitro formation of amyloid fibrils of A[beta]42 in a manner which may have consequences for metal chelation therapy in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimers Disease 6, pp. 291-301.
KHAN A, ASHCROFT AE, KORCHAZHKINA OV & EXLEY C (2004) Metal-mediated formation of fibrillar ABri amyloid. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 98, PP. 2006-2010.
SCHNEIDER C, DOUCET F, STREKOPYTOV S & EXLEY C (2004) The solubility of an hydroxy-aluminosilicate. Polyhedron 23, pp. 3185-3191.
STREKOPYTOV S & EXLEY C (2005) The formation, precipitation and structural characterisation of hydroxyaluminosilicates formed in the presence of fluoride and phosphate. Polyhedron 24, pp. 1585-1592.
EXLEY C (2005) Comment on "The biological behaviour and bioavailability of aluminium in man" by N.D. Priest, JEM, 2004, 6, 375. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 7, p. 640.
EXLEY C, BEGUM A, WOOLLEY MP & BLOOR RN (2006) Aluminium in tobacco and cannabis and smoking-related disease. American Journal of Medicine 119, pp. 276.e9-276.ell.
KHAN A, ASHCROFT AE, HIGENELL V, KORCHAZHKINA OV & EXLEY C (2005) Metals accelerate the formation and direct the structure of amyloid fibrils of NAC. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 99, pp. 1920-1927.
STREKOPYTOV S & EXLEY C (2006) Thermal analyses of aluminium hydroxide and hydroxyaluminosilicates. Polyhedron 25, pp. 1707-1713.
EXLEY C, MAMUTSE G, KORCHAZHKINA O, PYE E, STREKOPYTOV S, POLWART A & HAWKINS C (2006) Elevated urinary excretion of aluminium and iron in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis 12, pp. 533-540.
KHAN A, DOBSON J & EXLEY C (2006) The redox cycling of iron by A[beta]42. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 40, pp. 557-569.
EXLEY C & ESIRI M (2006) Severe cerebral congophilic angiopathy coincident with increased brain aluminium in a resident of Camelford, Cornwall, UK. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 77, pp. 877-879.
EXLEY C (2006) Aluminium and iron, but neither copper nor zinc, are key to the precipitation of [beta]-sheets of A[beta]42 in senile plaque cores in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 10, pp. 173-177.
EXLEY C (2006) Aluminium-adsorbed vaccines. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 6, p. 189.
EXLEY C, BEARDMORE J & RUGG, G (2007) A computational approach to the blood-aluminium problem? International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 107, pp. 275-278.
EXLEY C, KORCHAZHKINA O, JOB D, STREKOPYTOV S, POLWART A & CROME P (2006) Non-invasive therapy to reduce the body burden of aluminium in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 10, pp. 17-24.
STREKOPYTOV S, JARRY E & EXLEY C (2006) Further insight into the mechanism of formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates. Polyhedron [1.843] 25, pp. 3399-3404.
EXLEY C, AHMED U, POLWART A & BLOOR RN (2007) Elevated urinary aluminium in current and past users of illicit heroin. Addiction Biology 12, pp. 197-199.
EXLEY C, CHARLES LM, BARR L, MARTIN C, POLWART A & DARBRE PD (2007) Aluminium in human breast tissue. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 101, pp. 1344-1346.
BEARDMORE J, RUGG G & EXLEY C (2007) A systems biology approach to the blood-aluminium problem: The application and testing of a computational model. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 101, pp. 1187-1191.
NICHOLSON S & EXLEY C (2007) Aluminium: A potential pro-oxidant in sunscreens/sunblocks? Free Radical Biology and Medicine 43, pp. 1216-1217.
EXLEY C (2007) Aluminium, tau and Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 12, pp. 313-315.
WARD B, WALKER K & EXLEY C (2008) Copper(II) inhibits the formation of amylin amyloid in vitro. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 102, pp. 371-375.
MAINGON R, KHELA A, SAMPSON C, WARD R, WALKER K & EXLEY C (2008) Aluminium: a natural adjuvant in Leishmania transmission via sand flies? Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 102, 1140-1142.
EXLEY C, SWARBRICK L, GHERADI R & AUTHIER J-F (2009) A role for the body burden of aluminium in vaccine-associated macrophagic myofasciitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. Medical Hypotheses 72, 135-139.
BEARDMORE J & EXLEY C (2009) Towards a model of non-equilibrium binding of metal ions in biological systems. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 103, 205-209.
EXLEY C (2009) Silicon and bone. Bone 44, 1018.
EXLEY C (2009) What happened to the epidemic in new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? Medical Hypotheses 72, 621-622.
EXLEY C (2009) Darwin, natural selection and the biological essentiality of aluminium and silicon. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 34, 589-593.
HOUSE E, MOLD M, COLLINGWOOD J, BALDWIN A, GOODWIN S & EXLEY C (2009) Copper abolishes the ?-sheet secondary structure of pre-formed amyloid fibrils of A?42. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 18, 811-817.
EXLEY C, SIESJÖ P & ERIKSSON H (2010) The immunobiology of aluminium adjuvants: how do they really work? Trends in Immunology 31, 103-109.
EXLEY C, HOUSE E, COLLINGWOOD JF, DAVIDSON M, CANNON D & DONALD AM (2010) Spherulites of A?42 in vitro and in Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 20, 1159-1165.
EXLEY C, HOUSE E, PATEL T, WU L & FRASER PE (2010) Human pro-islet amyloid polypeptide (ProIAPP1-48) forms amyloid fibrils and amyloid spherulites in vitro. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 104, 1125-1129.
BURRELL S-A M and EXLEY C (2010) There is (still) too much aluminium in infant formulas. BMC Pediatrics 10:63 doi:10.1186/1471-2431-10-63.
EXLEY C and HOUSE E (2011) Aluminium in the human brain. Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 142, 357-363.
HOUSE E, JONES K and EXLEY C (2011) Spherulites in human brain tissue are composed of beta sheets of amyloid and resemble senile plaques. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 25, 43-46.
EXLEY C (2012) Reflections upon and recent insight into the mechanism of formation of hydroxyaluminosilicates and the therapeutic potential of silicic acid. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 256, 82-88.
MUJIKA JI, RUIPEREZ F, INFANTE I, UGALDE JM, EXLEY C, LOPEZ X (2011) Pro-oxidant activity of aluminium: Stabilisation of the aluminium superoxide radical ion. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 115, 6717-6723.
LAW C and EXLEY C (2011) New insight into silica deposition in horsetail (Equisetum arvense). BMC Plant Biology 11, 112.
EXLEY C (2012) Elucidating aluminium’s exposome. Current Inorganic Chemistry 2, 3-7.
HOUSE E, ESIRI M, FORSTER G, INCE PG and EXLEY C (2012) Aluminium, iron and copper in human brain tissues donated to the medical research council’s cognitive function and ageing study. Metallomics 4, 56-65.
EXLEY C (2011) Aluminium-based adjuvants should not be used as placebos in clinical trials. Vaccine 29, 9289.
EXLEY C (2012) When an aluminium adjuvant is not an aluminium adjuvant used in human vaccination programmes. Vaccine 30, 2042.
MOLD M, SHRIVE AK and EXLEY C (2012) Serum amyloid P component accelerates the formation and enhances the stability of amyloid fibrils in a physiologically significant under-saturated solution of A?42. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 29, 875-881.
EXLEY C (2012) The coordination chemistry of aluminium in neurodegenerative disease. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 256, 2142-2146.
EXLEY C, HOUSE E, POLWART A and ESIRI MM (2012) Brain burdens of aluminium, iron and copper and their relationships with amyloid beta pathology in 60 human brains. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 31, 725-730.
EXLEY C, MOLD M, SHARDLOW E, SHUKER B, IKPE B, WU L and FRASER PE (2012) Copper is a potent inhibitor of the propensity for human ProIAPP1-48 to form amyloid fibrils in vitro. Journal of Diabetes Research and Clinical Medicine 1, 3 (26th May 2012).
FOGLIO E, BUFFOLI B, EXLEY C, REZZANI R and RODELLA LF (2012) Regular consumption of a silicic acid-rich water prevents aluminium-induced alterations of nitrergic neurons in mouse brain: histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Histology and Histopathology 27, 1055-1066.
DAVENWARD S, BENTHAM P, WRIGHT J, CROME P, JOB, D, POLWART A and EXLEY C (2013) Silicon-rich mineral water as a non-invasive test of the ‘aluminium hypothesis’ in Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 33, 423-430.
RUIPÉREZ F, MUJIKA JI, UGALDE JM, EXLEY C, LOPEZ X (2012) Pro-oxidant activity of aluminium: promoting the Fenton reaction by reducing Fe(III) to Fe(II). Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 117, 118-123.
Exley C and Mold MJ (2015) The binding, transport and fate of aluminium in biological cells. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 30, 90-95.
Exley C, Rotheray E and Goulson D (2015) Bumblebee pupae contain high levels of aluminium. PLOS ONE 10 (6); e0127665. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127665.
Exley C (2015) A possible mechanism of biological silicification in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science 6:853. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00853.
(2) Other journal articles
EXLEY C (1992) The Biological Chemistry of the Elements: The Inorganic Chemistry of Life. DA SILVA JJRF & RJP WILLIAMS (1991) Clarendon Press, Oxford. 561pp. In Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 17, p. 165. (Book Review)
EXLEY C (1993) Black paper for science. Nature, 364, p. 276.
EXLEY C & BIRCHALL JD (1995) Progress in aluminium toxicology and chemistry. First Keele Meeting on Aluminium. Biometals, 8, pp. 271-272. (Editorial)
EXLEY C (1996) Dedication to Professor JD Birchall, OBE, FRS, 1930-1995. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 48, pp. v-vi.
EXLEY C (1998) Guest Editorial. Aluminium and Silicon in Biology. JD Birchall Memorial Meeting. Second Keele Meeting on Aluminium, 24th - 26th February 1997. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 69, p. 137.
EXLEY C (1999) Guest Editorial. The Bioinorganic Chemistry of Aluminium: from Microbe to Man. Third Keele Meeting on Aluminium, 22nd - 24th February 1999. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 76, p. 5.
EXLEY C (2001) Guest Editorial. The Biological Availability of Aluminium: Sources, Sinks and Symptoms: Fourth Keele Meeting on Aluminium, 25-27th February 2001. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 87, p. VII.
EXLEY C (2001) Aluminium and Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 3, pp. 551-552. (Invited Commentary)
EXLEY C (2003) Guest Editorial. Aluminium in life: From acid rain to Alzheimer's disease. Fifth Keele Meeting on Aluminium, 23-25th February 2003. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 97, p. VII.
EXLEY C (2004) Aluminum in antiperspirants: More than just skin deep. American Journal of Medicine 117, pp. 969-970.
EXLEY (2005) Guest Editorial. Aluminium: Lithosphere to Biosphere (and Back). Sixth Keele Meeting on Aluminium, 26th February - 2nd March 2005. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 99, pp. 1747-1748.
EXLEY C (2006) A vexing commentary on the important issue of aluminium and Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 10, pp. 451-452.
EXLEY C (2006) Funding should recognize outcome, not income. Nature 440, p. 1112.
EXLEY C (2007) Organosilicon therapy in Alzheimer's disease? Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 11, pp. 301-302.
EXLEY C (2007) Guest Editorial. Life and Living in the Aluminium Age. Seventh Keele Meeting on Aluminium, 24-28th February 2007. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 101, pp. 1185-1186.
EXLEY C (2008) Comment on “Avoidance of aluminium toxicity in freshwater snails involves intracellular silicon-aluminium biointeraction”. Environmental Science & Technology 42, 5374.

mamablue · 22-04-2019 4:46pm

Novella on the other hand has published how many papers? Let me check... zero. If I'm wrong please post the details. The fact that he uses a tone that reminds me of fox news also raises suspicion. He even had a court lawsuit filed against him and "science based medicine" as false advertising, I am sure that Novella is getting paid, his biased "science based" drivel can be safely ignored.

Dohnjoe · 22-04-2019 4:56pm

mamablue wrote: »

http://www.truthwiki.org/steven-novella-md/

"Truthwiki" is an anti-vaccine, anti-skeptic (lol), anti-global warming, anti-GMO private site owned and run by the loon who operates "Natural News"

mzungu · 22-04-2019 4:57pm

mamablue wrote: »

Novella on the other hand has published how many papers? Let me check... zero. He even had a court case against him and the only reason the case was closed was because they were unable to show that Novella had profited from his blog post or that it was in any way an advertisement. I believe the man IS getting paid and his biased "science based" propaganda can be safely ignored. http://www.truthwiki.org/steven-novella-md/#section-9/

TruthWiki? Really?

mzungu · 22-04-2019 5:10pm

mamablue wrote: »

Chris Exley Publications

Ah yes. He believes the aluminium industry and governments are conspiring to suppress information that aluminium causes a range of ailments like Alzheimer's. In his view they know this would cause the total collapse of the economic system as we know it. Yeah! He has quite the imagination alright. I will give him that much.

His previous conspiracy theory was that aluminium in vaccines caused autism. We know how that one turned out.

mamablue · 22-04-2019 5:58pm

mzungu wrote: »

Ah yes. He believes the aluminium industry and governments are conspiring to suppress information that aluminium causes a range of ailments like Alzheimer's. In his view they know this would cause the total collapse of the economic system as we know it. Yeah! He has quite the imagination alright. I will give him that much.

His previous conspiracy theory was that aluminium in vaccines caused autism. We know how that one turned out.

Really? that's all you can come up with? I was hoping for something a little more substantial than sarcasm a la foxnews. Give a scientific paper...a link with a video of him saying that... something real that discredits a Professor of Bioinorganic Chemistry and group leader of the Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory at Keele University. He is also an honorary professor at the UHI Millennium Institutewith 174 research works with 4,614 citations just on reasearchgate:

https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/39683428_Christopher_Exley

mzungu · 22-04-2019 6:27pm

mamablue wrote: »

Really? that's all you can come up with? I was hoping for something a little more substantial than sarcasm a la foxnews. Give a scientific paper...a link with a video of him saying that... something real that discredits a Professor of Bioinorganic Chemistry and group leader of the Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory at Keele University. He is also an honorary professor at the UHI Millennium Institutewith 174 research works with 4,614 citations just on reasearchgate:

https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/39683428_Christopher_Exley

I don't accept argument from authority, and neither should you.

The scientific community does not agree with him and his study has a shaky methodology. For a start, he never compared the brains of people with ASD from those with no ASD. There were no controls whatsoever. To top it all off, he began the paper with the "use of aluminium in vaccines has been directly correlated with increasing prevalence of ASD.” It has never been directly correlated with ASD. He made all that up and mixed in his personal beliefs into his paper. It's very hard to take what he says seriously.

Furthermore, one has to wonder why Dr Exely never declared his conflict of interest in that study. He receives money from SilicaWaters, in fact they contribute 10% of his funding so he can investigate the benefits of drinking silica-rich water. Then he goes and writes articles advising that everybody should drink silicon-rich mineral water every day to remove toxic aluminium from their bodies and brains. He says he thought there was nothing wrong with not declaring it. That raises question marks in itself.

ancapailldorcha · 22-04-2019 6:31pm

mamablue wrote: »

Really? that's all you can come up with? I was hoping for something a little more substantial than sarcasm a la foxnews. Give a scientific paper...a link with a video of him saying that... something real that discredits a Professor of Bioinorganic Chemistry and group leader of the Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory at Keele University. He is also an honorary professor at the UHI Millennium Institutewith 174 research works with 4,614 citations just on reasearchgate:

https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/39683428_Christopher_Exley

Did you read any of that list of papers you just dumped here out of curiosity?

bt25 · 22-04-2019 6:53pm

mzungu wrote: »

I don't accept argument from authority, and neither should you.

The scientific community does not agree with him and his study has a shaky methodology.

I'm not sure which is more frustrating, the incorrect definition of "argument from authority" or the fact that you actually give a good example of it in your next sentence...

The statement was that he shouldn't be discounted off hand due to his experience and expertise, not believed without question because of it. This is actually a normal approach to any paper or response to paper or else what is the point of having put years into understanding something if those reading your work are going to just off hand discard it like it was a blog post? However, then saying that the "scientific community" doesn't agree as an actual argument without your own arguments of a specific text is actually (though obviously not the worst in history, I'm looking at you pope!) argument from authority.

"An argument from authority (argumentum ab auctoritate), also called an appeal to authority, or argumentum ad verecundiam, is a form of defeasible[1] argument in which a claimed authority's support is used as evidence for an argument's conclusion." - wikihastoomuchtimeonitshandspedia

1. A scientist has experience (authority) so we shouldn't just discount what he is saying off hand (his conlusion ... no)
2. The scientific community does not agree (authority) so his research is to be discounted (their conclusion ... yep)

I'm not saying you're right or not in what you're saying, just that you're not using reasonable or logical arguments to validate it...

can't stand incorrect use of logic

Dohnjoe · 22-04-2019 6:58pm

bt25 wrote: »

The statement was that he shouldn't be discounted off hand due to his experience and expertise, not believed without question because of it. This is actually a normal approach to any paper or response to paper or else what is the point of having put years into understanding something if those reading your work are going to just off hand discard it like it was a blog post? However, then saying that the "scientific community" doesn't agree as an actual argument without your own arguments of a specific text is actually (though obviously not the worst in history, I'm looking at you pope!) argument from authority.

"An argument from authority (argumentum ab auctoritate), also called an appeal to authority, or argumentum ad verecundiam, is a form of defeasible[1] argument in which a claimed authority's support is used as evidence for an argument's conclusion." - wikihastoomuchtimeonitshandspedia

1. A scientist has experience (authority) so we shouldn't just discount what he is saying off hand (his conlusion ... no)
2. The scientific community does not agree (authority) so his research is to be discounted (their conclusion ... yep)

I'm not saying you're right or not in what you're saying, just that you're not using reasonable or logical arguments to validate it...

can't stand incorrect use of logic

Consensus. An individual scientist can claim X (or anything they want). The scientific community (consensus of many individual scientists) stands behind Y. It's far more likely that Y is accurate.

mamablue · 22-04-2019 7:00pm

ancapailldorcha wrote: »

Did you read any of that list of papers you just dumped here out of curiosity?

I read papers most days and have for the last 15 years. I mostly read papers about nutrition and have a particular interest in heavy metals in food. I have read hundreds of papers about heavy/toxic metals and quite a few about Aluminium, some of which were from Exley's research. I have read his paper on aluminium in autistic brains. Me substantiating my claims is not akin to "dumping". The first paper I read linking Aluminium to alzheimer's was over 20 years ago. Back then it was talked about in the news a lot. Have you read any papers?

mamablue · 22-04-2019 7:04pm

Dohnjoe wrote: »

Consensus. An individual scientist can claim X (or anything they want). The scientific community (consensus of many individual scientists) stands behind Y. It's far more likely that Y is accurate.

My experience has been, that the "scientific community" will stands behind what has the most funding, as these many individual scientist need their work funded too. And it just so happens to big pharma has plenty of funds and anyone who endangers their profits has their funding cut off.

ancapailldorcha · 22-04-2019 7:07pm

mamablue wrote: »

I read papers most days and have for the last 15 years. I mostly read papers about nutrition and have a particular interest in heavy metals in food. I have read hundreds of papers about heavy/toxic metals and quite a few about Aluminium, some of which were from Exley's research. I have read his paper on aluminium in autistic brains. Me substantiating my claims is not akin to "dumping". The first paper I read linking Aluminium to alzheimer's was over 20 years ago. Back then it was talked about in the news a lot. Have you read any papers?

Pasting a huge list of papers with no indication that you've read them constitutes dumping IMO. The appeal to this lad's credentials is a weird touch as well.

I'm a scientist working in cancer research. I read papers regularly.

bt25 · 22-04-2019 7:08pm

Dohnjoe wrote: »

Consensus. An individual scientist can claim X (or anything they want). The scientific community (consensus of many individual scientists) stands behind Y. It's far more likely that Y is accurate.

yes, it has a higher likelihood of being correct but to accept it as correct is to default to authority as it is the only thing the opinion is based on at that point which is why I used the word opinion

Anti-vaxxers

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