Learning a language

Seachmall · 17-02-2013 03:03AM

I heard about the Michel Thomas Method tapes a few weeks ago and decided to put them to the test. I've learned basic German and Esperanto via the more traditional study methods and while I can read and speak them at a basic level I wouldn't consider myself conversational in them (not anymore anyway).

However, with the Michel Thomas tapes I'm learning Arabic and I must say I'm extremely impressed. It focuses primarily on sentence construction and grammar as oppose to vocabulary and does it in a very intuitive way. I honestly believe 18 hours of Michel Thomas will give you a better foundation than 3 weeks of traditional study. (Remember, this is in Arabic which is considered one of the most difficult languages for a native English speaker to learn.)

I've also heard good things about the Pimsleur tapes although there marketing claims are complete and utter B.S. (speak the language confidently in 10 hours! HAH!). I'll be trying Pimsleur out next week, I believe its better for vocab and should be good revision in grammar.

Remember though, tapes are exclusively good for speaking the language. When it comes to writing it nothing beats good old fashion reading and writing. This is particularly true for Arabic which uses a different alphabet and also doesn't contain vowels in written form (imagine trying to understand txtspk whilst learning English).

There's also a websites for speaking with native speakers but I can't remember it's name (I'm kinda drunk).

Anyway, Michel Thomas gets my recommendation. Very good imo.

Also, everything I've heard about Rosetta Stone has been in terms of "Great Marketing, Shit Product".

bluewolf wrote: »

I'm on level B2 now from doing weekly classes (3 times a week in summer), but it's taken 2 years

Might I ask in what language?

17-02-2013 10:16AM

My issue with Michel Thomas is the pronunciation/accents. They're never native because he uses students learning the language to make the recordings. I'd rather listen to a native speaker than other English speakers struggling to speak a new language.

17-02-2013 10:25AM

dj jarvis wrote: »

so , whats her name ?

He can't pronounce it yet, that's the problem.

playedalive · 17-02-2013 11:06AM

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

There is no easy way to do it. No shortcuts. The easiest way there is is to have a genuine interest and motivation for learning the language. Without that, it's going to be a long, hard slog.

Personally, I find poring over grammar books boring, so I try to use films, TV shows and conversations with native speakers alongside a good 'teach yourself' book and a few podcasts.

I don't even agree that the best way is to move to the country. It's perfectly possible to live somewhere and speak little to none of the language (if you don't work with loads of native speakers in a job that requires lots of communication) and perfectly possible to stay in Ireland and use Skype and TV shows to learn the language to a high level. I'm living in Spain right now and while I do speak Spanish (learned it back home), I'd say little more than 'hello', 'thank you' and 'goodbye' on an average day. The most I do is order food at restaurants. I have to seek out people to actually talk to, the same as I did at home.

This. Personally I think I have learned my languages (French and Spanish) mostly through language exchanges (conversationexchange.com is amazing), keeping in contact with friends I made in my summer job in Spain and reading in my languages. It also helps that I'm studying Modern Languages in College, (But I wouldn't recommend doing that for the sole intention of becoming fluent in a language...you won't become fluent through reading medieval literature :rolleyes:). Mind you, I have practised a lot of my Spanish Grammar through English to Spanish Translation, which is tough but very interesting and useful. It definitely develops your ability to find another way to say something if you don't have the exact words.

In terms of time abroad, I do find it strange that I have learned most of my languages in Ireland rather than abroad. Having said that, I have spent six months in Spain between language exchanges and a summer job as a barman, which I think reinforced my language skills but I didn't really learn much. As regards French, I have only spent 2 months in France on a language course, and my accent is relatively clear in French. Some French people have been surprised that I haven't lived long in France yet I have a relatively high fluency in French without a pronounced Irish accent. I think my language exchanges really helped me to improve my pronunciation.

So, OP, I guess learning languages is all about motivation. Of course, going to the country has its advantages in terms of a proximity to the language but it's not the be-all and end all.

Grayson · 17-02-2013 11:15AM

Canis Lupus wrote: »

Unless you're some kind of savant you can't pick up a language in 3 months. You can become proficient at the very basics so you could survive in the country you're going to but becoming fluent in a language.... I'd say you'd have to live in the country whose language you're learning for at least a year. If you don't use the language on a day to day basis the vocabulary just won't stay with you.

3 months is enough. they say it takes 900 hours. and you could squeeze most of that in.

Of course it depends on two things. You could try learning to speak it, but if you want to be proficent at writing as well, that's a whole other ball game. If anything I'm an example that it's possible to speak english very well (I'm a native) yet have really bad spelling and grammar.

@OP. Try and download the Michel Thomas method. I found them very good. But if you want to learn a language in 3 months, the only way is immersion. You have to live in that country and attempt to speak it every single day, all day long. I've known people who managed it backpacking. If you try with just tapes/lessons, expect to take 2-3 years to get fluent.

Grayson · 17-02-2013 11:17AM

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

My issue with Michel Thomas is the pronunciation/accents. They're never native because he uses students learning the language to make the recordings. I'd rather listen to a native speaker than other English speakers struggling to speak a new language.

Depends on the native speakers. I've spanish & german friends who always say that their southern counterparts have horrible accents and are really hard to understand. Kind of like Cork people.

I'd hate to learn english and sound like a cork person.

17-02-2013 11:29AM

Grayson wrote: »

3 months is enough. they say it takes 900 hours. and you could squeeze most of that in.

Of course it depends on two things. You could try learning to speak it, but if you want to be proficent at writing as well, that's a whole other ball game. If anything I'm an example that it's possible to speak english very well (I'm a native) yet have really bad spelling and grammar.

@OP. Try and download the Michel Thomas method. I found them very good. But if you want to learn a language in 3 months, the only way is immersion. You have to live in that country and attempt to speak it every single day, all day long. I've known people who managed it backpacking. If you try with just tapes/lessons, expect to take 2-3 years to get fluent.

No, you really don't. I learned Spanish to a level where native speakers would take a good 30 seconds to realise I wasn't native, without ever having set foot in a Spanish-speaking country. I did it all online at the beginning and then when I moved to Dublin, I sought out Spanish friends and flatmates. You can immerse yourself in a language while living in Ireland, especially if you know native speakers in real life.

Grayson wrote: »

Depends on the native speakers. I've spanish & german friends who always say that their southern counterparts have horrible accents and are really hard to understand. Kind of like Cork people.

I'd hate to learn english and sound like a cork person.

Obviously the ideal thing is to have a teacher with a fairly 'neutral' accent, but I'd still rather have a native teacher from anywhere than a non-native.

Grayson · 17-02-2013 11:36AM

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

No, you really don't. I learned Spanish to a level where native speakers would take a good 30 seconds to realise I wasn't native, without ever having set foot in a Spanish-speaking country. I did it all online at the beginning and then when I moved to Dublin, I sought out Spanish friends and flatmates. You can immerse yourself in a language while living in Ireland, especially if you know native speakers in real life.

You learnt spanish in three months to that level of fluency without living in a spanish speaking country? Well done.

17-02-2013 11:45AM

Grayson wrote: »

You learnt spanish in three months to that leval of fluency without living in a spanish speaking country? Well done.

Not to that level in 3 months, but within 3 months, I was about intermediate to upper-intermediate (B2)level. I could have a conversation with a native speaker about most topics, using the past, present and future. Admittedly, I seem to have more of a talent for languages than most people, but you can learn a lot in 3 months if you put your mind to it.

OP hasn't said what he means by 'learn' a language or what level he's hoping to reach. Basic? Conversational? Good enough to work as an interpreter at the UN? You never really stop 'learning'. I work as a translator and live in Spain now and I still encounter new words and phrases every day. I filled an A4 page with vocab I got from a TV show yesterday. I don't think I'll ever feel truly fluent, whereas I know people taking pre-intermediate level classes who confidently state that they 'speak Spanish' as if they've learned all there is to know. It depends what you need it for, really.

Canis Lupus · 17-02-2013 01:28PM

Seachmall wrote: »

I heard about the Michel Thomas Method tapes a few weeks ago and decided to put them to the test. I've learned basic German and Esperanto via the more traditional study methods and while I can read and speak them at a basic level I wouldn't consider myself conversational in them (not anymore anyway).

However, with the Michel Thomas tapes I'm learning Arabic and I must say I'm extremely impressed. It focuses primarily on sentence construction and grammar as oppose to vocabulary and does it in a very intuitive way. I honestly believe 18 hours of Michel Thomas will give you a better foundation than 3 weeks of traditional study. (Remember, this is in Arabic which is considered one of the most difficult languages for a native English speaker to learn.)

I've also heard good things about the Pimsleur tapes although there marketing claims are complete and utter B.S. (speak the language confidently in 10 hours! HAH!). I'll be trying Pimsleur out next week, I believe its better for vocab and should be good revision in grammar.

Remember though, tapes are exclusively good for speaking the language. When it comes to writing it nothing beats good old fashion reading and writing. This is particularly true for Arabic which uses a different alphabet and also doesn't contain vowels in written form (imagine trying to understand txtspk whilst learning English).

There's also a websites for speaking with native speakers but I can't remember it's name (I'm kinda drunk).

Anyway, Michel Thomas gets my recommendation. Very good imo.

Also, everything I've heard about Rosetta Stone has been in terms of "Great Marketing, Shit Product".

Might I ask in what language?

Stay away from the French Michel Thomas tapes. One of the students is monumentally thick and it descends into him trying to hold onto his patience with her and losing badly.

Earthhorse · 17-02-2013 01:45PM

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

My issue with Michel Thomas is the pronunciation/accents. They're never native because he uses students learning the language to make the recordings. I'd rather listen to a native speaker than other English speakers struggling to speak a new language.

Canis Lupus wrote: »

Stay away from the French Michel Thomas tapes. One of the students is monumentally thick and it descends into him trying to hold onto his patience with her and losing badly.

It's fair to say no method of learning will be without its drawbacks but I found them indispensable.

When I was using them I also did a night course in Spanish and would try and read the leading article in El Mundo every day and use Google translate to see how I had gotten on with interpreting it.

If the OP wants to get fluent in 3 months he'll probably need to employ more than one set of learning tools.

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

I work as a translator and live in Spain now and I still encounter new words and phrases every day.

I'm speaking English all my life and still encounter new words every day.

It wouldn't be at the same rate obviously but as you say, you never stop learning.

Capt'n Midnight · 17-02-2013 01:46PM

"There is no royal road to geometry "
Euclid to Pharaoh Ptolmey

Whitespace is a very easy language to read
http://compsoc.dur.ac.uk/whitespace/

Any non whitespace characters are ignored; only spaces, tabs and newlines are considered syntax.

Seachmall · 17-02-2013 01:53PM

Canis Lupus wrote: »

Stay away from the French Michel Thomas tapes. One of the students is monumentally thick and it descends into him trying to hold onto his patience with her and losing badly.

Hah, I'd listen to it just for that, they do get annoying when they continuously make mistakes.

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

My issue with Michel Thomas is the pronunciation/accents. They're never native because he uses students learning the language to make the recordings. I'd rather listen to a native speaker than other English speakers struggling to speak a new language.

Aye, with the Arabic one there's a native Arabic speaker to make sure they get the pronunciations right but after 16 hours the guy still pronounces the Arabic for I/I am/me/etc. as "A-na" (like the letter "A" followed by "na") when it's actually pronounced like the name "Anna".

Very irritating.

Eve_Dublin · 17-02-2013 02:22PM

I would say the main thing is to get over any embarrassment. Don't be afraid to look like an idiot. This is my problem. I've been in Spain 3 and a half years and did a level test the other and I'm only B2 (upper intermediate). I really thought I'd be fluent at this stage before moving here but it hasn't been as easy as I thought it'd be. I understand and can read newspapers, I understand 95% of what I hear but speaking has been an issue for me. I don't think I have a nack for languages and I've no great gra for Spanish tbh.

I'd say loving the language you're learning really, really helps.

The only person I speak Spanish to on a regular basis is my Spanish boyfriend (who has an excellent level of English which has made it too easy to revert back to English) and obviously I feel very comfortable with him. We speak every second day in Spanish (today is Spanish day, in fact!). It's when I'm out and about, I don't get a chance to speak to people beyond ordering coffee and buying food. People presume I can't speak Spanish, so they often talk to me in English even when I respond in Spanish. That can be frustrating.

I teach English all day and all my friends are teachers from Romania, the States, Italy, Canada, England and our common language is English and I've found it difficult to make Spanish friends with absolute fluidity in the language (not just language exchange friends). Catch 22-arama.

Even though I'm living in Spain, I don't have 100% immersion but as I said, it's really helped my listening skills. My biggest issue is looking like a fool. I've had a few people laugh at me when I've said something and that's a bit disheartening when your confidence with regards to language isn't that high (I blame my French teacher at school then going to France and speaking it in a Dublin accent and looking like a prize fool!). Still, I suppose B2 isn't a bad level considering I only had a beginner level coming here and haven't taken classes.

I've just started private classes and am determined to get up to C1 (advanced) level by the Summer. The one thing I'll say as well is don't try and avoid the grammar like I did. I wouldn't say spend your whole day at it but it has to be learned as the building blocks of a language and I'd say it's particularly important for adults. And don't be afraid to look like an eejit. That is the absolute key.

Eve_Dublin · 17-02-2013 02:36PM

Oh and last night I was able to tell my boyfriend I was wearing a squeaky bra and I was absolutely delighted with myself. That's progress!

Canard · 17-02-2013 03:19PM

I think it's very important to understand English properly, as someone else mentioned. Couldn't get my head around the French subjunctive for AGES until I looked up what the subjunctive actually is. Now it makes perfect sense!

Another thing is how you learn vocabulary - it's impossible to learn it properly by looking at a list. Putting the words into a context makes it 10 times easier.

I'm odd though, I love reading through grammar books and finding out about the nitty gritty uses of things, then roughly/totally equating it to English. :P Another thing I love is finding idiomatic phrases and translating them literally, no better way to keep something stuck in your head like imagining the funny situations they create.

I think my French is around B2 level after an embarrassing 6 years, but granted that that's from secondary school where the aim is only around B1 level, and I've only been in college for a short while. I only started Spanish in September and I think I'm around or slightly above A2 level? I understand a lot more than I can create because of its similarities with French, but I find it a bit awkward trying to think of it on the spot sometimes, and while I can do the trilled R I can't place it seamlessly into words yet.

I think interest is a huge factor in it, but music in the language helps too. I found a youtube channel where two Spanish people do amazing covers of pop songs in Spanish...it's great craic. :P

@Eve: As long as you don't say you ate polla instead of pollo nothing can be too embarrassing.

La_Gordy · 17-02-2013 03:36PM

I speak Russian and French and even though I studied them at uni, nothing made sense until I lived there, unfortunately.
Exposure to native speakers, and how they use the language is the thing best you can do.

I would also suggest going to or organizing a language exchange. The Ilac centre library has one or two every day and they're really useful. Full of oddballs, but good all the same.

17-02-2013 03:40PM

Patchy~ wrote: »

I think it's very important to understand English properly, as someone else mentioned. Couldn't get my head around the French subjunctive for AGES until I looked up what the subjunctive actually is. Now it makes perfect sense!

Another thing is how you learn vocabulary - it's impossible to learn it properly by looking at a list. Putting the words into a context makes it 10 times easier.

I'm odd though, I love reading through grammar books and finding out about the nitty gritty uses of things, then roughly/totally equating it to English. :P Another thing I love is finding idiomatic phrases and translating them literally, no better way to keep something stuck in your head like imagining the funny situations they create.

I think my French is around B2 level after an embarrassing 6 years, but granted that that's from secondary school where the aim is only around B1 level, and I've only been in college for a short while. I only started Spanish in September and I think I'm around or slightly above A2 level? I understand a lot more than I can create because of its similarities with French, but I find it a bit awkward trying to think of it on the spot sometimes, and while I can do the trilled R I can't place it seamlessly into words yet.

I think interest is a huge factor in it, but music in the language helps too. I found a youtube channel where two Spanish people do amazing covers of pop songs in Spanish...it's great craic. :P

@Eve: As long as you don't say you ate polla instead of pollo nothing can be too embarrassing.

B2 is a good level. It's far higher than most secondary school students reach. It's actually really hard to push through the B2 barrier. That's the level at which you can pretty much do everything you need to do in a foreign country, understand the TV, have conversations etc. It's hard to work up the motivation to get up to C1/C2 for most people.

Eve_Dublin · 17-02-2013 03:49PM

Renata Chilly Rule wrote: »

B2 is a good level. It's far higher than most secondary school students reach. It's actually really hard to push through the B2 barrier. That's the level at which you can pretty much do everything you need to do in a foreign country, understand the TV, have conversations etc. It's hard to work up the motivation to get up to C1/C2 for most people.

What advice do you have?

Eve_Dublin · 17-02-2013 03:52PM

Patchy~ wrote: »

@Eve: As long as you don't say you ate polla instead of pollo nothing can be too embarrassing.

Those are exacly the kinds of embarrassing moments I've had. Asking for willies and vaginas when all I've wanted is a sandwich.

Eve_Dublin · 17-02-2013 03:53PM

La_Gordy wrote: »

I speak Russian and French and even though I studied them at uni, nothing made sense until I lived there, unfortunately.
Exposure to native speakers, and how they use the language is the thing best you can do.

I would also suggest going to or organizing a language exchange. The Ilac centre library has one or two every day and they're really useful. Full of oddballs, but good all the same.

Those along with Italian and Portuguese would be my favourite-sounding languages. Russian is an absolutely beautiful language. I can imagine it's incredibly difficult to learn.

unknowngirl!! · 17-02-2013 04:19PM

Think back to how you learnt your first language. You spoke, made mistakes and were corrected by those around you. Being around native speakers is by far the best way of becoming fluent in a language as you hear it as it is spoken in daily life.

However, if you do not have access to native speakers buy or rent resources meant for children in the language you want to learn. When you were in school you practised English by reading books with very short and simple phrases. I found it really worthwhile to start with books aimed at 4/5 year olds and work up. You build a large vocabulary bank and gradually meet new and more complex grammatical structures.

My last piece of advise would be to learn language chunks and not just words in isolation. By learning chunks, for example in English 'fish and chips' you see how words go together and you develop an instinct of how to use the words or where to expect them in the future. Learning vocabulary is great but knowing 100s of words and not being able to use them isn't that useful.

Best of luck with your new language!

La_Gordy · 17-02-2013 04:59PM

Eve_Dublin wrote: »

Those along with Italian and Portuguese would be my favourite-sounding languages. Russian is an absolutely beautiful language. I can imagine it's incredibly difficult to learn.

SO difficult! I find the grammar quite mathematical, which I'm pish at! But it's a lot easier when you hear people saying things than trying to do exercises in a poxy grammar book!

Portuguese sounds so cool! Some Brazilian baile funk sounds like people singing in Glaswegian accents

17-02-2013 05:18PM

Eve_Dublin wrote: »

What advice do you have?

Plain hard work and motivation, I guess. I'm guilty of the 'plateau' thing myself. I got to C1 relatively quickly because I was motivated and then just stopped bothering for a few years. It's only now that I'm really putting in the effort again and that's to improve my job prospects because I'm trying to get out of TEFL and into translation/language stuff full-time.

What I'm doing in the minute is just paying attention to what people say and how people say it instead of just understanding the meaning and letting the actual grammar and vocab go over my head. Writing down useful vocab and phrases so they actually have a chance at becoming part of my active vocabulary. Pushing myself to use new words and make more complex sentences instead of being happy to get my point across. I watch an hour of Spanish TV every day and write down 10-20 new bits of vocab if I can. It's really tough, though. I'm finding it more difficult to go from C1 to C1+/C2 than I did to go from A1 to C1.

Da Shins Kelly · 17-02-2013 05:18PM

Like Eve was saying, I think the main barrier with speaking is embarrassment. I'm living in Spain, and I have that problem sometimes. I can stand there and listen and understand what people are saying in a conversation, but as soon as the focus is turned onto me and I'm expected to contribute, I get very embarrassed, and the embarrassment often causes me to forget vocabulary or how to conjugate a verb or what have you. I'm also worse in group situations than one on one chats. Confidence seems to be the key. Not being afraid to sound like a 5 year old and make mistakes.

I watch films and shows with Spanish subtitles, which helps. There's this travel show on Spanish television that I always watch with the subtitles on. I find it pretty helpful for vocabulary. I think television is good, if you have an hour or two to spare. A few of my friends listen to Spanish music and find that that helps too. I don't really do that because I hate most Spanish music, but apparently it is useful.

Another problem is the amount of people who the second they realise you can speak English, immediately switch into English because either they presume that you can't speak their language or they want to practice their English on you. That can be frustrating. However, as with everything in life, alcohol always helps me in social situations when I have to speak Spanish. After a few glasses of wine, suddenly I don't care if I butcher the language!

BraziliaNZ · 17-02-2013 05:29PM

inmyday wrote: »

Start off with a "Teach Yourself" course book with audio and get a Pimsleur language course from the library. See how you get on.

In 3 months though. The only way is to move to a country a speak to locals everyday, and study non stop. Some Irish guy did it, and learned a few languages. http://www.fluentin3months.com/

That guy seems like the biggest arsehole of all time

unknowngirl!! · 17-02-2013 05:45PM

Da Shins Kelly wrote: »

I watch films and shows with Spanish subtitles, which helps.

I think this is brilliant! Watching a foreign language film with the L2 subtitles on is very helpful. It also helps if you rewatch a series you enjoyed in your native language with subtitles on in the L2. It's all about language contact!

Eve_Dublin · 17-02-2013 05:46PM

Da Shins Kelly wrote: »

Another problem is the amount of people who the second they realise you can speak English, immediately switch into English because either they presume that you can't speak their language or they want to practice their English on you. That can be frustrating. However, as with everything in life, alcohol always helps me in social situations when I have to speak Spanish. After a few glasses of wine, suddenly I don't care if I butcher the language!

People are mad to practise their English on you and I often partake in a language battle with them and refuse to revert to English. Generally speaking, my Spanish level is better than their English level, so I try to remain insistent that Spanish is the lingo I want to talk in without coming across as rude (which is tricky).

Another problem is when I'm with a neighbour in the lift and they say something to me and I ask them to repeat it (because they've said it too quickly with a thick accent and my brain is in "English mode") and they tell me it doesn't matter and I'm all, "No pleeease!! Tell me!!" tell a woman demented. I'm slightly deflated then. Sometimes people lack patience with learners here but I suppose it's the equivalent of people talking louder in Ireland with foreigners; they're not used to mixing with them.

Ridiculous how my level improves (at least in my mind) after drinks, or at least my confidence does but joking aside, I've now got it into my head that I can only speak it well when I'm merry. That's not good either; the association with the language and being pi**ed. :-/

ViveLaVie · 17-02-2013 06:09PM

Da Shins Kelly wrote: »

Like Eve was saying, I think the main barrier with speaking is embarrassment. I'm living in Spain, and I have that problem sometimes. I can stand there and listen and understand what people are saying in a conversation, but as soon as the focus is turned onto me and I'm expected to contribute, I get very embarrassed, and the embarrassment often causes me to forget vocabulary or how to conjugate a verb or what have you. I'm also worse in group situations than one on one chats. Confidence seems to be the key. Not being afraid to sound like a 5 year old and make mistakes.

I watch films and shows with Spanish subtitles, which helps. There's this travel show on Spanish television that I always watch with the subtitles on. I find it pretty helpful for vocabulary. I think television is good, if you have an hour or two to spare. A few of my friends listen to Spanish music and find that that helps too. I don't really do that because I hate most Spanish music, but apparently it is useful.

Another problem is the amount of people who the second they realise you can speak English, immediately switch into English because either they presume that you can't speak their language or they want to practice their English on you. That can be frustrating. However, as with everything in life, alcohol always helps me in social situations when I have to speak Spanish. After a few glasses of wine, suddenly I don't care if I butcher the language!

Everything you said. I get so self-conscious when speaking French that I often stumble over my words, trip myself up and just give up. It's hugely debilitating.

I can read and write it to a much higher level than I can speak it for this reason.

Da Shins Kelly · 17-02-2013 06:23PM

ViveLaVie wrote: »

Everything you said. I get so self-conscious when speaking French that I often stumble over my words, trip myself up and just give up. It's hugely debilitating. I can read and write it to a much higher level than I can speak it for this reason.

Yep, same. My reading and writing is far better. I think it's because I have more time to form my thoughts and get it all together, whereas in the conversational situation, you don't know where it's going, or the topic might be something you don't know any vocabulary for or some cultural thing you're not really familiar with.

I also sometimes have good days where I understand a lot and speak a good bit and I feel happy with how I'm doing, and then the following day it's like being back to square one - can't understand anything, can't think of any words, etc. It's very up and down, I find.

Learning a language

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