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Is Irelands neutrality stance in WW2 unfairly criticized? (see Mod note 217)

18990929495109

Answers

  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


     "Remember that the pub was a major part of social life at the time in the UK. Attitudes to alcohol have changed over time."

    That's hilarious coming from Ireland.

    Churchill was a social drinker who kept unsocial hours as many who worked with him during WW2 attest.

    He also lived to the grand old age of ninety.

    For comparison Dev was ninety-two when he died.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    That's what I mean 'Dev having the measure of him'.

    We know and anyone with a basic understanding knows Churchill couldn't deliver a UI. I'm really not at all sure where Churchill gets his 'wily' reputation from. He comes across as a shady secondhand car salesman during all that tbh
    It was a stupid idea that nobody was ever gonna buy but he persisted with it.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,894 ✭✭✭jmcc


    There did seem to be one poster on the thread who took it seriously. He was a highly opportunistic politician who went from the Gallipoli disaster to becoming the PM. He also changed political parties. De Valera's long experience of dealing with him worked out well for Ireland. Churchill was also well known to FDR. That gave both of them an edge when dealing with him.

    Regards…jmcc



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,894 ✭✭✭jmcc


    Think of it in terms of voter perceptions. Look at the way that some politicians are more effective because the public think that they are not po-faced Puritans. (Farage being photographed drinking pints. George W. Bush being thought of by voters as someone with whom they could have a drink.) If anything, it helped Churchill's reputation with the voters to some extent. They were, of course, different times and attitudes were different.

    Regards…jmcc



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Apparently Dev turning down an offer of direct talks in London (1940) was 'bad manners' yet his NI equivalent was even more vehement in his refusal but doesn't merit a mention.

    A united Ireland wasn't in the gift of a wartime British PM.

    There were a lot of wild ideas flying round London in the summer of 1940.

    "In June 1940, French President of Council Paul Reynaud's government faced imminent defeat in the Battle of France. In March, the French and British had mutually agreed that neither country would seek a separate peace with Nazi Germany. The French cabinet on 15 June voted to ask Germany for the terms of an armistice. Reynaud, who wished to continue the war from North Africa, was forced to submit the proposal to Churchill's War Cabinet. He claimed that he would have to resign if the British were to reject the proposal.[3]

    The British opposed a French surrender, so Churchill, the then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom proposed a Franco-British union. However, by the time the proposal reached France, the French had already signed the armistice.[4]

    They hoped that such a union would help Reynaud persuade his cabinet to continue the war from North Africa, but Churchill was skeptical when the British War Cabinet discussed the proposal and a similar one from Secretary of State for India Leo Amery on 15 June. On the morning of 16 June, the War Cabinet agreed to the French armistice request on the condition that the French fleet sail to British harbors. This disappointed Reynaud, who had hoped to use a British rejection to persuade his cabinet to continue to fight."

    Franco-British Union - Wikipedia



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Churchill knew he could never deliver a UI even if he wanted to. The "offer" of maybe agreeing in principle to talk about it was merely a ploy to turn opinion against Dev and Ireland, similar to Gray's messages to FDR and leaks to the US press.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,894 ✭✭✭jmcc


    There was also a historical precedent for de Valera not engaging in direct talks with Churchill on the issue: the Treaty Negotiations. The situation for the UK was not good in 1940 and without Lend-Lease and the US eventually entering the war in 1941, there was political support for an armistice. Halifax was in favour of an armistice He approached the Italians on the issue with the aim being to preserve as much of the British empire as possible. It did not turn out like that and Churchill's position was against the armistice.

    It was the shock of how the Germans managed to remove the BEF from mainland Europe that might have been a reason for some of those ideas.

    Regards…jmcc



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    If you're talking about politicians and modern media/public-perception, times have certainly changed. However there was no (un)social media or every Tom Dick or Harriet with a video camera in their pocket either.

    We have to stick to the historical context, not apply 21st century standards to early 20th century individuals.

    While Churchill experienced at least one cardiac crisis in early 1942 and was fond of alcoholic spirits as well as the odd cigar his Irish nemesis was noted for his religiosity and parsimonious habits yet only lived two years longer.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    If the French had "done better" ( put up a better fight / been better organized ) in WW2 and neutral countries united against Hitler (instead of being neutral for their own selfish reasons), it could have been a much shorter war.

    Fast forward some decades and we see how the world responded to Iraq’s August 1990 invasion of Kuwait with unprecedented worldwide condemnation, severe economic sanctions, and the assembly of a military coalition from 35 responsible, civic minded nations. Being neutral in ww2 in the face of the Holocaust and aggressive fascism was a selfish abdication of moral responsibility.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    His, even by the standards of the time, consumption and dependence on alcohol was called out or remarked upon by quite a few senior players though and not in a complimentary or excusing way. Although that happened too.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Did this political gossip affect his ability to get elected?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Not remotely the point I made. I was more talking about his actions and interepersonal relationships.

    Not a major point, just interesting.

    *Who knows btw, maybe it factored in to him getting dumped after the war. Strange thing to do to the 'greatest Briton of all time'.
    I think that image may have been carefully curated in the post war years to be honest with a veil drawn over his **** ups.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    He was not classified as an alcoholic and his high work rate was complimented on by others. His bust is in the white house and the u.s. navy named a ship after him; exceptionally unusual for it to name a ship after a foreign politician.

    At a time when average life expectancy in these islands was about 60 ( in 1941, the average life expectancy at birth in Ireland was approximately 59 years- in the UK it was not much better ) , Churchill lived to the ripe old age of 90. Maybe a few drinks does you good after all.

    Maybe if Dev had not been such an outlier ( non smoking, strict teetotaler), and if he had been surrounded by people who could make an informed decision ( they were not even allowed know about the Holocaust or liberated Nazi death camps), he may not have been the only P.M. in the world to offer condolences on the death of Hitler?

    Even Irish-America was appalled by Dev, and it was Dev's closest friend in the world after Hempel.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    His difficult personality is hardly news at this stage, it's been highlighted in books such as Field Marshall Alan Brooke's War Diaries and films like 'Into the Storm' (2009) where Brendan Gleeson gave an outstanding performance as Churchill at war.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    The below isn't given enough emphasis really.

    Yet, in the face of all this criticism regarding their neutrality, for Ireland, it was
    the most logical position to take throughout the Second World War.

    Politically, neutrality was supported by the majority of the nation—a policy that united factions from both sides
    of the Irish Civil War, which was fought less than two decades before World War II.

    The Irish could not and would not ally with Great Britain. The Irish saw the British as
    century-old enemies from whom they only gained independence in 1922. When looking
    back upon British rule, they saw the British as callous oppressors.

    From the potato famine along with inequalities such as the Penal laws of the 18th century to the ruthlessness of
    the Black and Tans during the War of Independence, the Irish saw a consistent struggle
    against the unjust British rule.

    If they allied with the United Kingdom, it would only
    create discontent within Irish society,
    whose historical memory of British aggression
    would rebel against supporting a British war effort.

    *bolding mine

    As well as having to be mindful of a German or British Invasion, Dev and his government would have been very aware of fermenting revolution/destabilisation here as well. We really were only a wet week away from Civil War and experience of occupation. A fragile democracy in need of asserting sovereignty.



    Neither Friend nor Foe? Irish Neutrality in the Second World War | Contemporary European History | Cambridge Core



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    "it would only
    create discontent within Irish society"?????

    If Dev's friend Hempel (the Nazi party member and diplomat of Hitler, Hitler's representative in Ireland) had got his way and occupied the whole of Europe as was the Nazi aim ( it had invaded 6 other neutral countries and sent people there to slave labor + extermination camps) then

    it would have created a lot more discontent within Irish society!!!!



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    LOL

    Hempel, who spent the war in Ireland, 'getting his way' and 'occupying the whole of Europe'.

    Freudian slip no doubt. 🙄



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Hempel - the evil Hitler supporting Nazi, who was exonerated.😁
    I think that posters unduly irrational and unfair criticism can be safely ignored tbh.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Hempel - who was exonerated

    And there I was thinking he'd committed suicide in Berlin, turns out he was holed up in Ireland all the time.

    Post edited by Cyclingtourist on


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Hempel was part of the Nazi regime and yes, Nazism had a final solution and a desire to expand in Europe. Nazi Germany did invade 6 neutral countries in Europe. Plus other countries.

    Hempel was also no doubt aware, during the war, what was happening to millions of Jews, homosexuals, gypsies, communists etc in the extermination camps; what had he and his friend Dev to say about that? I'd say they could'nt care less because they they knew about Irish seamen in the Nazi camps from 1941 until they were liberated by the British in 1945.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    All Nazi diplomats were wanted for questioning by the Allies after WW2.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    The British saw Hempel as an old school diplomat and treated him accordingly - they exonerated him. End of the story and pathetic, clutching at straws.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    In 1949. Dev sheltered him in Ireland for 4 years between the end of the war and that. By 1949 the 2nd world war was old news, water under the Bridge and the focus was on rebuilding housing and infrastructure destroyed in the war, countering the Cold war threat etc.

    Hempel the Nazi part member was also no doubt aware, during the war, what was happening to millions of Jews, homosexuals, gypsies, communists etc in the extermination camps; what had he and his friend Dev to say about that? 

    Zilch. Nothing. Says it all.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    The clutching goes on. Poor tbh



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Poor FrancieBrady has not a clue about Hempel, Hitler's diplomat in Ireland.

    If he researches it, he will find "during World War II, Nazi diplomats stationed in officially neutral countries that Germany subsequently invaded (such as Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) transitioned from traditional diplomatic representatives into instruments of occupation, political subversion, and logistical control".

    So if Britain lost the Battle of Britain, then Ireland under Nazism would see Hempel send Irish people to slave labour and extermination camps, like what happened in neutral countries in Europe under Nazism.

    How did Dev not suss that out?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Clearly doesn’t know the Allies/British knew Hempel was not an ideological Nazi and was an old school diplomat-which explains why Dev, a stickler for diplomatic protocol, respected him. Bet he wasn’t taking drunken calls from him anyway. 😁



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Hempel was still a Nazi party member and a diplomat. Not all diplomats during the war were Nazi Party members but Hempel was.

    As noted already, during World War II, Nazi diplomats - old school, new school and any school - stationed in officially neutral countries that Germany subsequently invaded (such as Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) did transition from traditional diplomatic representatives into instruments of occupation, political subversion, and logistical control. People in those countries were selected and sent to Slave labour and extermination camps. Hempel ewould have known that. That was their job, same as he had a job working for Hitler during the war, and he had a private meeting with Hitler.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    They didn't want Hempel expelled incase they replaced him with someone they couldn't turn.

    When MI5 explained the situation, OSS leaders realised the Irish security situation was even better than they “had previously thought”. MI5, which was effectively using the German diplomats in Dublin as double agents, had serious reservations about the Americans demanding the expulsion of Axis diplomats from Dublin.

    If the German diplomats were expelled, MI5 warned that this would possibly endanger Allied security, because the Germans might infiltrate a useful spy. As it was, the British had broken the German codes and were reading all the messages from the legation in Dublin.



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