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Is Irelands neutrality stance in WW2 unfairly criticized? (see Mod note 217)

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Answers

  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    The Allies had thousands of weather station including a vessel 5 miles from Belmullet if they wanted. The Axis did get intelligence from Ireland. How do you think Sean Russell magically appeared in Germany, and who later died on a German submarine? There was more than one Nazi wireless in Ireland you know. And there were numerous other means of communicating with Germany other than by radio. As with Enigma, at times the Allies had to let a lot - if not most - information get though, otherwise the Nazi would know the code was broken.

    What do you think of the Nazis ( oops, sorry, I was not supposed to use that term, they did not exist during "the emergency") segregating Irish merchant sailors and working them to death in slave camps? Do you think it fits in with the fact Nazis thought we, the Celts - were lower down in terms of race than the English? Maybe not as low or hated as Jews but certainly lower than the English, according to the Nazis themselves.

    Hempel never tell Dev that? He had Dev and our government fooled, and Dev fooled most of the rest of us though propaganda and extremely strict censorship, not reporting Axis atrocities etc. By even commiserating with Hempel over Hitlers suicide, as if Hempel the Nazi and Hitler were decent guys, and disregarding the damage ( 70 million dead ) the Nazis like Hempel and Hitler has caused the world.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    You'd be asked to do this in Junior Cert comparative studies. You should try it sometime.
    Try this as a taster question you might ask yourself:

    Did Dev and the Irish government apply controls on what could be said about the Allies?

    When you eventually, if ever, try to be honest with yourself first and then us -the answer is:

    Yes, controls were applied to what could be said about all the belligerents in WW2



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    So no proof of sucking up to Hitler then? Just the link you keep spamming that has absolutely nothing to do with Irish neutrality or the war. Just deflecting again.

    As for the Irish prisoners in Germany, isn't it funny that even faced with extra punishment they refused to renounce their neutrality!



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,244 ✭✭✭growleaves


    I find your view ahistorical. Ireland was always strategic as a base from which to attack Britain, which is why Spain (in the 16th and 17th century) and France (in the 18th and 19th) had a special interest in it, and why Britain wanted to hold onto it as a territory. This is one of the most salient facts of Irish history down the centuries.

    It still is now. If Russia or China could occupy Ireland now they would do so in a heartbeat.

    Why would Hitler not want to open up a westerly front from which to attack Britain? That Ireland would be bombed in return wouldn't be Hitler's problem and he had no compunction about sacrificing pawn countries. Even a failed attempt at Irish pro-Axis membership would create a massive diversion of British resources.

    The second part of your post is more misrepresentation about the policy around press censorship. DeValera's even-handedness was a carefully-enacted diplomatic and political policy, not a personal endorsement of Nazi atrocities.

    You're a case study in why people should read books instead of just scanning Wiki summaries for anything that matches their political biases.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    You prove my point.

    Dev did not tell us about our high merchant shipping losses ( higher percentage wise than the Allies ), and he never told us about the Nazi death camps either. Strict censorship. Our media was not allow to use the word Nazi. They told us about the Dresden bombing though, strange enough.

    Now, at school did they tell you how Germany segregated some Irish merchant sailors and put them working to death in slave concentration camps? While the Germans generally treated British merchant sailors better?

    Did they tell you it was the Germans who dropped about 50 bombs on us and sunk 16 of our ships, not the dastardly British? That unlike the Germans, the British gave any of our seamen a tot of rum and were treated well?



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    How Germany worked Irish people to death in slave concentration camps, when they could, has everything to do with WW2 and this country. It fits in with what the Nazis thought of the Irish.

    He and Hempel fooled Dev and Co. anyway.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,244 ✭✭✭growleaves


    My school-friend's uncle was a prisoner in Auschwitz. I do not see how some Irish people being affected by Nazi atrocities proves that wartime censorship was malicious.

    Press freedom could be a big problem as it could not be overseen by the British war office, so even pro-British Irish newspapers might be spilling secrets without meaning to. But you don't care for practicalities, you're only about outrage.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Did Dev and the Irish Government apply controls on what could be said about the Allies?


    Yes Francis, they most certainly did. They did it for both the Allies and the German's as a part of the Emergency Powers Act and under the Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures

    We were no different to other countries that were neutral or those at war. They ALL operated strict censorship.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    So no, you've no proof of Ireland sucking up to Hitler! There is no need to spam links that have nothing to do with the subject. In regards the prisoners I already asked you, Why do you think they maintained their neutrality when faced with extra punishment?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Were they worked to death in Nazi Slave Concentration Camp for being neutral or Irish, or both? How come the British merchant mariners were not worked to death like that? Obviously the Nazi did not like or respect the neutral Irish.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Irish censorship not biased?

    Dev and co. never told us about the Nazi death camps either. Strict censorship. Our media was not allow to use the word Nazi. They told us about the Dresden bombing though, strange enough.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    "We were no different to other countries that were neutral or those at war. They ALL operated strict censorship."

    Not strictly true, countries like Sweden and Switzerland ran much more lax regimes with regard to censorship. Ours was rightly seen as extreme even in the context of other neutrals.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    They refused to work for the Germans as they maintained their neutrality.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    There were differing degrees and differing reasons and material censored.
    The point here is that information about ALL the belligerents was censored.

    @Francis McM cherrypicking to try prove a by now debunked and tiresome rant about one man is bizarre.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Yes all belligerents were treated similarly, however other neutrals didn't go to the extremes we did. We also were coming from a pre-war culture of censorship for 'moral' reasons that gave Aiken & Co a greater acceptance by the public of censorship.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Yes, agree. It was extreme but it was applied to all. Because we tilted towards the Allies perhaps not as censorious of their victories and advances.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    Personal insults don't change the fact that it achieved nothing. It's was half baked and failed as result.

    Trying to talk it up is ridiculous.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    They probably would have mined them alright.

    Goring claimed he wanted to mine more but was instructed to bomb instead. No idea if that was true. Britain found ways to defeat magnetic and acoustic mines pretty quickly. They were very effective early in the war though.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,244 ✭✭✭growleaves


    The Dresden bombing was not seen, at the time, as a massacre of civilians but as a successful strategic military strike against Germany.

    How does publicising an Allied victory (how it was seen in 1945, not afterward) prove anti-Allied bias?

    A lot your thinking about the war is distorted by anachronisms imo.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    Everyone might want to do it. But it's a theoretical suggestion not a practical one.

    Supplying and defending long supply lines located Britains back door with the world's biggest navy (WW2) next door is not viable. Supply by air with RAF next door also impossible.

    What resources would make that effect worth it. There's nothing in Ireland.

    But it's good yarn.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 4,286 ✭✭✭Ardillaun


    It’s fine for people to have diverse opinions about past events. On this matter we suffer from being in the Anglosphere and having to listen to fairly poorly informed commentators in Britain hold forth. I would have preferred us to have fought on the Allied side but neutrality made a lot of sense at the time given the fact that we had just freed much of the island from centuries of oppressive British rule. We owed them no duty of loyalty whatsoever - quite the contrary. Any critic of the policy should be just as critical of the many other neutral countries, eg, Norway, which tried to stay neutral initially, and should excoriate the likes of Finland which fought alongside the Nazis. Anyway, as things turned out our neutrality had a distinctly pro-Allied tinge to it.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    The bombing of Dresden came as a salvation for Victor Klemperer.

    "On 13 February 1945, Klemperer witnessed the delivery of notices of deportation to some of the last remaining members of the Jewish community in Dresden, and feared that the authorities would soon also send him to his death. On the following three nights the Allies heavily bombed Dresden for the first time, causing massive damage and a firestorm; during the chaos that followed, Klemperer removed his yellow star (an act punishable by death if discovered) on 19 February, joined a refugee column, and escaped into American-controlled territory."

    Victor Klemperer - Wikipedia

    Likewise many allied prisoners being held in Japan attributed their survival to the dropping of the atomic bombs.

    Every 'cloud' has a silver lining.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,894 ✭✭✭jmcc


    Just reading some more history on the "special" place of the North during WW2. Conscription was introduced in the UK but not in the North. Apparently, Churchill considered it too much trouble and de Valera was against conscripting Irish citizens and Nationalists. Some Unionists were worried that workers from south of the border would take the jobs of Unionists who had been called up. Arguably, the Unionists have something for which to be grateful to de Valera. If that is not enough, the de Valera government also interned over 500 IRA members during the war. Irish history is rarely as simple as it looks on the surface.

    Regards…jmcc



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,894 ✭✭✭jmcc


    Just to clarify things on Enigma for Francis McM, Enigma was compromised but it was not a general solution. That would have meant that all Enigma encrypted traffic was readable by the Allies.It was not. Much of the work by Bletchley Park focused on determining the key settings mainly using electro-mechanical devices.

    In February 1942, the Germans added a fourth rotor. This effectively stopped the Allies breaking most U-boat message traffic. The Allies regained access but during that time, shipping losses increased and wolfpacks were able to operate more effectively.

    Most people have very little knowledge of the importance of cryptography in WW2. While Enigma may be recognisable, some of the British shipping losses in the early part of WW2 were due to a German operation actively breaking the encryption that was being used by the British. That and the early refusal to adopt effective convoy tactics and anti-submarine strategies led to unnecessary losses.

    Regards…jmcc



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    The speed of decrypting is also a factor.

    "..In 1941, the US Navy refused, for security reasons, to equip the British Navy with their ECM Mark 1 encryption devices, so the British Admiralty introduced "Naval Cypher No. 3" for Allied radio communication and convoy coordination in the Atlantic. The B-Dienst concentrated on deciphering the new code, in September 1942 and from December 1942 to May 1943, 80 percent of the intercepted radio messages were read but only 10 percent were decrypted in time to take action...."

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_code_breaking_in_World_War_II



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    The British had the same issue. Machine time on the various code breaking machines. In the book

    https://www.amazon.com/Colossus-secrets-Bletchley-code-breaking-computers/dp/0199578141?dplnkId=1693ac51-1e7f-4d68-b375-5018200a9321

    They describe how they allocated machine time split between the hard codes and the easy codes. Because you want to break both but have limited machine resources. They had 10,000 people working across wider Bletchley Park organisation.

    Great book if you're interested in computers and project task management.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    A lot of the arguments and debate around citizenship and identity that where dealt with in the GFA crystallised during that period and debate around conscription.

    Unionists made the same arguments about being 'separated' from the UK as they still are about the Sea Border/WF
    Same internal divides too between the hardline Unionist and the moderate Unionist. The issue cost NI PM Andrews(considered a moderate and against conscription on pragmatic grounds) his job - replaced by hardliner Brooke.
    Similar to how the PSNI warned of the risk of returning violence if the imposition of a hard border went ahead in the Brexit/WF debate, it was the warnings from the RUC about the levels of resistance among Nationalists and even among some in the Orange Order and Unionists that eventually silenced Brooke and other hardliners.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 8,894 ✭✭✭jmcc


    Colossus was used to break the Lorenz system which was used by the OKW. It was much more complicated than Engima. The traffic was automated instead of being manually transmitted with morse code. Enigma was a field encryption system. What made Colossus different was that it was the first electronic (valves) system. What made Colussus different is that it the system was broken without the cryptographers ever having seen one of the Lorenz machines. Many of the details were only declassified around 1982 and this may have been the basis for "spy in Hitler's bunker" that drove a lot of speculation. Most of the command level traffic went through this system.

    The Enigma traffic was intercepted by a large monitoring operation. With the Lorenz system, the speed of the transmissions and the format made it almost impossible to intercept manually. It was one of the first modern systems. Enigma dated from the 1920s.

    Regards…jmcc



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    The book is called Colossus but it's not solely about that machine. Its about ALL the machines ("computers") including the American ones and Japanese code breaking. The project management covers all the activities. Any one who works in IT will recognize the principles of project management though it doesn't describe it as such.

    Certain people on this thread would benefit from actually reading books rather than monologuing from half truths they've found on the Internet and conspiracies and old wives tales and assuming it's all correct.

    Because even the books can be wrong and authors and historians wrong or biased. You have to use critical judgement. Even a solely Irish viewpoint is institutionalised by being insular.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    An interesting sidelight on British codebreaking in WW2 was the fact that Alan Turing's maternal grandfather was from a wealthy Anglo-Irish family with an estate in County Tipperary. His maternal grandmother was from Longford.

    Stoney married Sarah Crawford of Cartron Abbey, Longford in 1878. They had two sons and a daughter, Ethel Sara (1881–1976), who was the mother of Alan Turing.

    Edward Waller Stoney - Wikipedia

    Turing's parents were married in Ballsbridge Dublin. His father died in 1947 but his mother outlived Alan by over twenty years.



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