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Is Irelands neutrality stance in WW2 unfairly criticized? (see Mod note 217)

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Answers

  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,959 ✭✭✭csirl


    Google traditional Getman butchers in Dublin and you'll get a link to an article on the hidden-dublin website. I have a connection to one of the families, so know a lot from family history.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    You made two claims which you have yet to back up or explain.

    In relation to the 50+ Allied countries in WW2, you wrote: "some just decide not to be neutral to get their hands on whatever's on offer." If you think that was their motivation, who got their hands on what do you think, and at what cost?

    You also claimed, and I quote "In the end whether you remain neutral or not has more to do with geography and resources than morality."

    What have the 50+ allied countries in common regarding your claim or geography or morality?

    When you explain those questions going back days, I'll give you all the links you want. I have probably already given more links on this thread in the past 3 days that everyone else put together.

    I'll tell you what the 50+ Allied countries had in common: they were all allowed to join the U.N. a decade before we were allowed to.

    edited for spelling

    Post edited by Francis McM on


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,125 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Brilliant, Thanks. I would have family connections in the Limerick pork trade as both my father and grandfather were chairmen of the Pork Butchers Society so something to look through. It looks like it answers the question on whether they were internerned during the war as one the Horlacher sons was playing for Bohs ( a fate worse than prison for some!)



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,959 ✭✭✭csirl


    P.S. just to add. There was a strong anti-Nazi sentiment amongst in the German Club in Dublin. The early part of the war was an anxious time for them. They believed that if we joined the Allies or were invaded by the British, they'd all be interned. If the Germans invaded, tbey believed they'd have been targeted by the Nazis for being anti-Nazi.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    You should try reading a book or two. Failing that, it took only a couple of seconds on google to find:

    The Irish government refused Allied requests to extradite Eduard Hempel, the German Minister to Ireland during World War II. Instead, Taoiseach Éamon de Valera permitted him to remain in Ireland under asylum. Hempel avoided potential imprisonment in Nuremberg and lived peacefully in Dublin until returning to Germany in 1949. [1, 2]Key aspects of the Hempel situation after WWII:

    • Allied Demands: Following Germany's surrender, the Allies—led by Britain and the United States—sought Hempel's extradition. They intended to intern him at the Witness Prison in Nuremberg to investigate wartime activities.
    • Irish Refusal & Asylum: De Valera rejected these demands, citing Irish neutrality and standard diplomatic protocol. The Irish government also facilitated de facto diplomatic recognition of the new post-war German state without forfeiting Hempel or his assets to Allied custody.
    • Life in Dublin: Hempel was barred from continuing official diplomatic work, but he and his family were allowed to remain living at their legation residence in Monkstown, Dublin. To support the family, his wife ran a successful confectionery and baking business in Dún Laoghaire.

    Of course he returned to Germany in 1949. The Allies had moved on by then and were busy trying to rebuild their economies and deal with the threat from communism, as they saw it. Rightly or wrongly, some ex-Nazis were even employed to that end. WW2 was spilt milk at that stage, water under the bridge.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,125 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Let's look at the links in your AI search

    Hempel returned to Germany in 1949 and was denazified in Stade in the British occupation zone as "Category V – exonerated", so faced no sanctions.

    And

    "Official circles in Ireland recognised that Dr Hempel behaved correctly throughout his mission, given the narrow limits of his position. For example, he respected Ireland's neutrality better than the American minister did. If he were regarded as having been 'Hitler's man', I would not have been instructed, as an official of the Irish Embassy in Bonn, to attend his funeral in 1972

    'I agree that Dr Hempel ought to have resigned when pressured to join the Nazi party, but not all of us are endowed with heroic virtues. He had no need to use the "classical excuse" that he followed orders: he was not accused of war crime



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    "What have the 50+ allied countries in common regarding your claim or geoghraphy or morality?"

    Well they were a very motley crew.

    The Allies, or Allied powers, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers. Its principal members were the "Big Four"[1]— the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, and China.

    First thing of note is that 'the big four' contains two nations, the Soviet Union ('united' with Germany from Aug '39 to June '41) and the U.S. who were formally neutral up to December '41 when they were attacked by Japan and declared war on by Germany.

    Many of the 'original 26 were Commonwealth countries (like Eire) with strong ties to GB without the 'baggage' of recent conflict. Others like Belgium and the Netherlands were 'governments in exile' having been invaded by Germany.

    Then we had the other laggards.

    Mexico, the Philippines and Ethiopia adopted the declaration later in 1942, followed by Iraq, Brazil, Bolivia, Iran and Colombia in 1943, and Liberia in February 1944. Following the liberation of France, the French provisional government signed the declaration on 26 December 1944 and France officially became one of the allied nations. Eleven nations adhered to the declaration in early 1945, when an allied victory over Germany was assured and the Big Four powers were preparing to invite signatories to the San Francisco Conference to prepare a charter for the new United Nations organization.

    Allies of World War II - Wikipedia

    How many of your '50' do you believe were motivated by morality?

    Do you believe the Soviet Union was? I don't, it was invaded by Nazi Germany in 1941 because it was viewed, erroneously, as weak and ripe for the picking due to its geographic location and vast resources.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,059 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Quite simply also, there was no legal request to extradite him. The failure to provide a verified link to such a request speaks for itself.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    The reason Dev granted him asylum was because there were requests from the Allies to hand Hempel over for internment in Nuremberg.

    Following the collapse of the Third Reich, the Allies demanded that neutral countries expel Axis diplomats.

    The Allies had plenty of other things to be doing after the war anyway.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Of course the Allied 51 countries who set up the UN were somewhat "a very motley crew", as they were from all over the world etc. They all however resisted Nazism, and had joined the Allies before VE day. That is why we were not allowed join the U.N. until a decade after the war was over, a decade after the U.N. was established. Even though we tried, we applied to join the group of 51 countries in 1946. But we were refused.

    You have still not explained your : two claims which you have yet to back up or explain.

    In relation to the 50+ Allied countries in WW2, you wrote: "some just decide not to be neutral to get their hands on whatever's on offer." If you think that was their motivation, who got their hands on what do you think, and at what cost?

    You also claimed, and I quote "In the end whether you remain neutral or not has more to do with geography and resources than morality."

    What have the 50+ allied countries in common regarding your claim or geography or morality?



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 716 ✭✭✭myfreespirit


    This is untrue.

    I have already posted the truth about the use of Marshall Aid in Ireland from 1949 onwards.

    The money was used for rural electrification and land drainage, and comprised fully one half of all capital expenditure in Ireland for a number of years. It was hardly "a drop in the ocean", as you falsely claim.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,125 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Hempel returned to Germany in 1949 and was denazified in Stade in the British occupation zone as "Category V – exonerated", so faced no sanctions.

    Lowest of the 5 categories which were

    Category I (Major Offenders / Hauptschuldige): Key leaders, major war criminals, and individuals who played a decisive role in initiating or executing the regime's crimes.

    Category II (Offenders / Belastete): Activists, militarists, and direct beneficiaries of the regime, including those who committed atrocities but did not reach the level of "Major Offender".

    Category III (Lesser Offenders / Minderbelastete): Individuals who held moderate or peripheral roles but still showed significant Nazi sympathies. This group typically faced a period of probation and supervision.

    Category IV (Followers / Mitläufer): The vast majority of the German populace who nominally accepted the regime or complied to survive without holding active leadership roles. This classification usually resulted in fines or lighter penalties

    Category V (Exonerated Persons / Entlastete): Individuals who actively resisted the Nazi regime or managed to quietly oppose it without being heavily

    You would think if they wanted to put him on trial they would have at least found him to be category 3 or 4!



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,059 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    There is ALSO no verified legal 'grant of asylum' either which again explains why you cannot link to it.

    Hempel was allowed to stay because diplomats routinely had immunity.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    The Marshall Plan was a post-World War II U.S. aid program that provided over $13,300 million (equivalent to over $150 billion today) to 16 Western European nations.

    About 90% of the above funds were distributed as direct, non-repayable grants, so the US gave Europe about 12,000 million in grants.

    Ireland received a total of $147.45 million in Marshall Plan (European Recovery Program) aid between 1948 and 1952. This comprised $128.2 million in loans, $18 million in grants, and roughly $1.25 million in technical assistance

    Compare the 12,000,000,000 dollars the US gave Europe in Marshall aid grants with the mere 18,000,000 we got.

    We only got 00.149 % of the grant money. A drop in the Ocean from the country that has so many Irish-Americans. Even the Irish Americans shunned us after Dev's antics during the war. I gave a link about that a few days ago - there was much criticism of Dev from even Irish America after they saw the death camps many of their boys had helped liberate, and after Dev's condolences re Hitler, who set up the camps.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 716 ✭✭✭myfreespirit


    Why did Ireland get a low percentage of Marshall Plan money?

    Was it because:

    A. Ireland was "a detested place" after WW2 because the country was neutral? (Your words)

    B. The need for reconstruction in mainland Europe and the UK was far, far greater than Ireland because of the terrible destruction caused by the war.

    C. Some other factors, e.g. expenditure per capita, or based on pre-war GDP



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,959 ✭✭✭csirl




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Ireland (Éire) had little or nothing to recover from, so obviously barely met the requirement for aid from a 'recovery plan'.

    It was a developing country that was very anti-Communist (one reason for the SU veto in the UNSC) so could apply for development aid and did in subsequent years primarily from the EC/EU.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,059 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Also ignored is that after the war Ireland received financial assistance through US-backed lending mechanisms.

    The US Export–Import Bank supported industrial investment, infrastructure investment and financed development. We also benefitted from broader US initiatives, designed to modernise.
    The US government didn't block or stand in the way of private US investment either as Trump threatens to do today.

    There is zero evidence of a lasting 'cold shoulder' just as there is none for a grant of asylum or an extradition request.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    After the war, yes the the Allies did request the handover and prosecution of Nazi diplomats. The Allied Control Council formally stripped the Nazi diplomatic service of its authority in 1945.

    If you research it, you will see many German and Axis diplomats were arrested, prosecuted by military tribunals, or tried for war crimes and "conspiring to wage aggressive war". Dev allow Hempel remain here from 1945 until 1949.

    In 1949 the heat had died down a bit, the Allies realised spilt milk was water under the bridge, and they were busty trying to rebuild their economies, house and feed people, and counter the real communist threat as they saw it. Some ex Nazis were even employed by the Allies, rightly or wrongly.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Ireland was a backward inward looking place, starved of investment, for a decade or two after ww2. I showed you where we got only a pittance from the Americans. No Irish Americans even put in a word for us. Many had lost relatives liberating Hitlers death camps, well before Dev offered condolences on Hitler's death.

    We only got 00.149 % of the grant money.

    You made two claims which you have yet to back up or explain.

    In relation to the 50+ Allied countries in WW2, you wrote: "some just decide not to be neutral to get their hands on whatever's on offer." If you think that was their motivation, who got their hands on what do you think, and at what cost?

    You also claimed, and I quote "In the end whether you remain neutral or not has more to do with geography and resources than morality."

    What have the 50+ allied countries in common regarding your claim or geography or morality?

    They obviously thought they were morally superior to us because all of those 50+ founding members of the UN had one thing in common: they all fought Facism / declared war against the Nazis. We were not allowed join those 51 Allied / UN countries after the war and after they founded the UN for a decade.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,059 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    If Ireland granted someone asylum, that is a legal act and it will be recorded.

    1, If you are going to claim that, show the proof, link to a verified record of it.

    2, If you are going to claim Ireland refused to extradite someone, that is also a legal application. Please show a link that verifies this claim?

    If you can't then it remains a bogus claim intended to help unfairly criticise.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Are you not aware that at the end of the war, the Allies requested the handover and prosecution of Nazi diplomats? The Allied Control Council formally stripped the Nazi diplomatic service of its authority in 1945.

    As noted already, if you research it, you will see many German and Axis diplomats were arrested, prosecuted by military tribunals, or tried for war crimes and "conspiring to wage aggressive war". Dev allowed Hempel remain here from 1945 until 1949. He stayed out near Dun Laoghaire as far as I remember.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,244 ✭✭✭Sudden Valley


    So is it a fact that countries that supposedly detested ireland ie. Canada, US, Uk actually supported irleand joining the UN from 1946 on?

    That suggests that posters stating we were detected by those countries after the war have it wrong? It seemed only USSR and Poland (being Eastern bloc) was against us.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    The quotes from me you keep repeating represent my opinions and I have backed them up on a couple of occasions by reference to verifiable facts. They are opinions and others may hold different ones which is fine by me.

    "They obviously thought they were morally superior to us because all of those 50+ founding members of the UN had one thing in common: they all fought Facism / declared war against the Nazis. We were not allowed join those 51 Allied / UN countries after the war and after they founded the UN for a decade."

    Some like Turkey didn't do any fighting, others like Denmark fought for a few hours and the one that suffered the most, Russia, operated a system of paranoid violence that exceeded every form of Fascism bar that of Nazi Germany. Some landlocked South American country like Peru had nothing in common with frontline states like France or Poland.

    I notice you have mentioned Cuba a number of times as well as India which was directly ruled by Britain and a number of dependent Maharajahs.

    "Because of Cuba's geographical position at the entrance of the Gulf of MexicoHavana's role as the principal trading port in the West Indies, and the country's natural resources, Cuba was an important participant in the American Theater of World War II, and subsequently one of the greatest beneficiaries of the United States' Lend-Lease program."

    Allies of World War II - Wikipedia



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 716 ✭✭✭myfreespirit


    It would seem the most likely factor alright.

    From reading Ronan McGreevy's book on Seán Lemass, the Irish government had to apply for Marshall Plan funding (both loans and grants) according to Lemass. However, there is no mention of how much was requested, not if there was a difference between what was awarded versus what was applied for.

    I haven't been able to find reliable information online about the Marshall Plan for Ireland, other than what's behind a paywall unfortunately.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,059 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    So is it a fact that countries that supposedly detested ireland ie. Canada, US, Uk actually supported irleand joining the UN from 1946 on?

    This a verified and backed up fact.

    It is also a fact that no extradition warrant was issued for Hempel from ANY source.

    Therefore extradition could not be refused and to claim it was is bogus.

    There was also NO grant of asylum for Hempel. He recieved the routine treatment diplomats received and still receive,
    To claim he was granted asylum is also bogus.
    It is also verified fact that Ireland received aid and assistance from the US after the war and even during the war. There was no embargoes, sanctions or breakdown in normal diplomatic relations.

    FDR did lose his temper according to anecdote and there are several accounts of the meeting with Aiken etc from flying knives to yanking a tablecloth and spilling a few bits of cutlery.
    Despite that, the meeting did secure economic assistance, improved communications and an assurance Britain would not invade Ireland.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    What I said was the 51 Allied countries who set up the UN were all Allied counties - none were neutral or axis countries.

    they all fought Facism / declared war against the Nazis

    .That is why they were Allied countries.

    Ireland applied to join the 51 countries in 1946, was not allowed to until 1955.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,059 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    They were approved by the countries it is claimed detested and cold shouldered Ireland.

    Own it, this was just one in a line of bogus claims to unfairly criticise.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    lol. The meeting between Aiken and Roosevelt was as complete a disaster as could be : even RTE could not put much of a positive spin on it. Roosevelt kept Aiken waiting 2 weeks for the meeting, and lost his temper with him when it occured.

    Roosevelt said to Aiken 'Nonsense, you don't fear an attack from England. England is not going to attack you. It's a preposterous suggestion.' "

    Aiken did not get the arms he sought : Roosevelt would not trust him.

    Roosevelt even said to Aiken" that means you have not convinced the State Department that this material would not be used to attack England'."

    Roosevelt even lost his patience before throwing cutlery at Aiken.

    "During the interview, General Watson had come in a couple of times to signify that the interview was at an end, but, as Mr. Aiken had not said all he wanted to say, he kept on. At this stage, however, the President showed that the interview was at an end, and a couple of other Secretaries had come in as well as a half a dozen negro waiters who prepared to serve the President's lunch."

    These are extracts from the Irish side of the meeting: you can guess that Roosevelts and the Americans would be different, even less kind to Aiken! lol. Below are the links.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    They joined the club either voluntarily or not, some were leaning towards Fascism themselves, in particular the Latin Americans. Of the South Americans only Brazil actually sent troops to fight. There was a scramble to trade with America and get all kinds of benefits at low risk.

    Fine fellows.



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