Advertisement
Help Keep Boards Alive. Support us by going ad free today. See here: https://subscriptions.boards.ie/.
https://www.boards.ie/group/1878-subscribers-forum

Private Group for paid up members of Boards.ie. Join the club.
Hi all, please see this major site announcement: https://www.boards.ie/discussion/2058427594/boards-ie-2026

Is Irelands neutrality stance in WW2 unfairly criticized? (see Mod note 217)

11718202223109

Answers

  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    This is just straight up fantasy.

    Dev's friend Hempel, by the way, is rumoured to have tipped off the Germans about Arnhem and Dieppe.

    Your only proof of this is a 15 year old post on Boards. Meanwhile the Dieppe is widely regarded as a failure by British Command and Churchill himself. How would Hempel even obtain details of a British operation whilst stationed in Dublin?

    "that is why many Canadians detested Dev for some decades after the war."

    Any proof for this claim that the Canadians blamed Dev for this?

    "Of course Dev knew Hempel a long time : Dr Hempel is the same man photographed giving the full Nazi salute in his box at the 1938 Royal Dublin Horse in the presence of taoiseach Éamon de Valera and president Douglas Hyde."

    Dr. Hempel was one of many diplomats pressured into joining the Nazi party in 1938 following the formation of the Dienstelle Ribbentrop.

    At first reluctant, Hempel agrees to comment to The Irish Times, “for the record, because I’m only going to do this once”. She describes her father as “a good man with no love for that regime. The man had no Nazi tendencies. He loved his country.”

    Pausing to reflect, she continues: “In hindsight, I believe that the reason De Valera called to the house was out of friendship. He and my father were personal friends: it wasn’t simply a case of prime minister and diplomat. There was more than that. He visited because he knew my father, and the condolences were to my father because his position [as envoy to Ireland] was finished.”
    In her final comment on the subject she says: “Hitler’s death didn’t mean a damn thing to my father; he was happy about it – like we are happy about Osama bin Laden.”

    If Hempel was a Nazi leaking secret plans on Dieppe and Arnhem how did the British deal with him after the war?

    Hempel returned to Germany in 1949 and was denazified in Stade in the British occupation zone as "Category V – exonerated", so faced no sanctions.

    In Fact he actually rejoined the Foreign Service in 1950.



  • Moderators, Society & Culture Moderators Posts: 17,874 Mod ✭✭✭✭Manic Moran


    The US government's position (regardless of that of the population, and opinion polls in favour of neutrality were dropping in 1939) was "when" we get involved, not "if" we get involved or "we won't get involved", not least as evidenced by the actions taken to draw up its military: In 1938, the US Army was smaller than Romania's as there was no expectation of expeditionary warfare and the Navy could defend the homeland. It was a tad bigger than that in December 1941, the sole function being to fight overseas. Roosevelt, who was never a fan of the Neutrality Act, obtained an amendment to in 1937 to allow "cash and carry" of resources to belligerents, in November 1939 it was amended again to be even less neutral and the restriction on the sale of arms was lifted, the nation was declared "the Arsenal of Democracy" in 1940 and lend-lease started 1941. The US had very definitely taken its side in actively and publicly assisting one side over the other. Much like Portugal, it was non-belligerent, but not actually neutral. Actually, it was a very belligerent sort of non-belligerence: Neutral/normal non-belligerents don't run convoy escorts of weapons to belligerents, neither do they declare a huge swath of the Atlantic Ocean to be under their supervision and then report any detected vessels or U-Boats to the other side, allowing one of those belligerents to have a smaller area to patrol or to attack those vessels.

    The Soviet Union was never neutral, as Poland discovered early on. Stalin was being quite opportunistic, in the hope that it could gain part of Poland, partially for its own benefit and partially to provide buffer space from the inevitable German attack, and partially for time as the country was in no shape to fight Germany (As its exploits in Finland showed, the USSR violating its non-aggression pact with Finland when doing so, and Germany became an aid to Finland). Interestingly, they were studiously enough non-belligerent to Japan, who themselves had no interest in poking the Soviet bear after the mauling they got in 1939. As a result, Japan allowed US weapons and supplies to sail right through their war zone to reach the USSR unmolested where they were then used to fight Japan's ally. There is no denying the contribution of the USSR to the defeat of the axis powers, but that doesn't exactly make them the good guys either. Call it the right act for the wrong reasons.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    It's been repeatedly implied that WW2 was initiated by Britain as land grab of Europe, Norway, Singapore, Dresden and invading Ireland.

    No it has not been 'repeatedly' implied, Your paranoia and offence taking on behalf of Britain is getting the better of you.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    Yes I'm paranoid about Britain invading Ireland in 2026 that makes perfect sense. Or maybe I'm paranoid about something that happened in WW2 that makes even less sense.

    The only thing I'm offended at is the gross distortions of history and ignorance of facts in this thread.

    Things like calling a country neutral when it's obviously heavily aligned with one side.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Everyone (or most anyway) understands that the nuance here is that we are 'militarily neutral' not politically neutral'.
    Attempts were made to make us not militarily neutral and in respect of WW2, Dev resisted that much to the continued chagrin of some while everyone else has long since moved on.



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 716 ✭✭✭myfreespirit


    Rumour and petty innuendo is all you have to argue a position that has been comprehensively demolished, isn't it?

    The fact remains - Irish military neutrality in WW2 was honourable and justified.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Why do you think both the Americans and British strove so hard to try to shut down Hempels activities in Ireland? They were monitoring radio communications from Dublin and knew that Hempel transmitted thousands of reports to Berlin using shortwave radio, and some of the dispatches included details on Canadian troop movements in southern England ahead of the Dieppe raid.

    The U.S. (along with U.K. ) pressured Dev to expel the German legation and hand over their intelligence records. Dev refused.

    After the war, the US and Allied forces requested that the Irish government extradite Hempel to stand trial. DeV once again resisted.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Honourable and justified? If anyone thought any regime was honorourable and justified, it was Dev and his side kick Aiken in their thoughts of the Nazi regime. The Americans had ears and as far back as 1941 the President interrupted Aiken to say that he believed in being perfectly frank. He said 'you are reported as having said that the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory'. That is consistent with Dev even offering condolences on the death of Hitler 4 years later, when the world knew about Hitlers death camps, and news reels had been shown worldwide etc.

    No wonder President Roosevelt was so annoyed at Ireland he threw knives and cutlery in the air when Dev's rep Aiken met him in America in 1941, although Roosevelt had put off the meeting for 2 weeks. He knew Ireland's attitude was a bad one. And it did end up costing un-necessary Allied lives.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,244 ✭✭✭Sudden Valley


    The diep hempel myth was debunked after the war. It is desperate to try to use the potential arrest of Hempel or a boards post from 15 years ( which was challenged even then) to try to defend this point.



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Lets have a look at that claim,

    Gray then suggested that Roosevelt should demand the expulsion of the Axis diplomats on the grounds that they were a threat to Allied plans for the D-Day landing.

    The request was purely a political ploy without any security basis, so the OSS felt this was none of its business. The British liked the idea, and a formal note from Roosevelt was read to de Valera by Gray on February 21, 1944.

    What happened next?

    The story was leaked to the American press and a smear campaign was launched against de Valera in America, where the episode made front page news throughout the country during the week leading up to St Patrick's Day. Administration officials contended that the Irish should realise that diplomats were an espionage threat.

    De Valera saw red. Walshe went to London to warn Marlin that if the American divulged that Irish diplomats were being used as American spies, all co-operation would be cut off.

    At that point, the OSS intervened with Roosevelt to impress on him the extent of secret Irish co-operation and the second note was scrapped, but the damage had been done to de Valera's reputation in America. The episode has contributed to two great myths that de Valera was indifferent to the fate of the Allies, and that Ireland was actually neutral during the war.

    So they had no proof of anything just the suggestion that they posed a threat. They leaked it to the press when rejected and then backed down when it was due to be revealed that the US were using Irish diplomats in Berlin, Rome and Vichy as spies since 1943. And the OSS sided with Ireland.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    I said the Nazis did not compensate for the bombing of Dublin, 28 dead and many more injured, property destroyed. It was the West German government who did so, an entirely different regime to the nazis, and in the 1950s, long after the war ended.

    As regards the reasons for the bombing, Dublin was well lit up compared to British cities and the Luftwaffe knew what they were doing. Dublin is also quite dintinctive from the air, having the Liffey flow eastwards towards Dublin Bay etc, which is itself very distinctive, with Howth and Dun Laoghaire harbour etc.

    The Luftwaffe plane was shot down by an Irishman, Pilot Abercorn' in he RAF.

    It is telling that Ireland erected a statue to Nazi collaborator Sean Russell but many Irishmen like the RAF pilot who shot down the plane than bombed Dublin were shunned by authorities here if and when they returned home.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Debunked? Not according to the Allies, and they were the ones who were monitoring the communications from Hempel the Nazi in Dublin back to Germany.

    Answer these questions:Why do you think both the Americans and British strove so hard to try to shut down Hempels activities in Ireland?

    After the war, the Allies had plenty of other things to be doing, but why do you think the US and Allied forces requested that the Irish government extradite Hempel to stand trial? Dev refused, knowing the Allies had details of thousands of messages Hempel sent, which cost Allied lives.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 716 ✭✭✭myfreespirit


    Can you provide even a scintilla of back up to your scurrilous claim that:

    If anyone thought any regime was honorourable and justified, it was Dev and his side kick Aiken in their thoughts of the Nazi regime.

    A speech made by DeValera or by Frank Aiken, a press release by the then government, or even an opinion expressed by a respected historian who can provide evidence for your claim?

    I do not believe that you can do so.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Why did the German government pay if it was a deliberate attack? Of course the Nazi government didn't pay straight away being locked in a World War.

    An amatuer historians claim that it was a deliberate attack with no proof. Let's look at those claims shall we?

    That the German attack was targeting the Aras and Dublin fire stations for aiding Belfast the previous month. Why then only send one Do17 with 6 bombs aboard? They didn't.

    On the night of 31 May 1941, several single German aircraft were spotted by the coast watching service over Dublin, which appeared to be circling the city and were apparently lost. Irish troops launched warning flares, which were ignored; subsequently, anti-aircraft guns opened fire on the planes, without hitting them. Shortly afterwards, three bombs fell in Ballybough, Summerhill and the Phoenix Park, destroying several houses and causing minor damage to Áras an Uachtaráin, without loss of life. A fourth bomb hit the North Strand area with devastating effect, killing 28 people, injuring 90 and destroying or damaging over 300 homes. Although initially denying any involvement, the German government eventually accepted responsibility and paid compensation to the victims after the war.

    Dublin was distinctive from the air? What where the weather conditions that night?

    The pilot, known only as "Heinrich", said their target had been Belfast. But either a fault in the guiding beam system or the bad weather that night led them astray.
    "Can you forgive us for that mistake? Please forgive me for this mistake which was beyond our control," he said. The strategy was always to bomb military targets, and if they missed they hoped for minimal civilian injuries and damage.
    There was an inquiry when they got home and, when they realised what had happened, "quite a bit of excitement." A lot of blame was put on the meteorological people for giving the wrong forecast. Nobody knew what had happened.

    Which also negates your claim that the plane was shot down? Have you a link to that?

    And finally lets see what Churchill thought?

    "the bombing of Dublin on the night of 30 May 1941, may well have been an unforeseen and unintended result of our interference with 'Y'". He was speaking of the Battle of the Beams, wherein "Y" referred to the direction finding radio signals that the Luftwaffe used to guide their bombers to their targets.

    There was an error displaying this embed.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 23,006 ✭✭✭✭Strazdas


    The state most certainly did not erect a statue to Russell. This was put in place in Fairview by a small number of dissident Irish Republicans and had nothing to do with the state or the local authorities in Dublin.

    This urban myth frequently comes up online among international far right types and Zionists, that Ireland supposedly erected a statue to a Nazi collaborator.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Some with a political agenda seek to manufacture guilt over Ireland's WW2 neutrality, The same old factoids (Dev's condolences) and rumours (resupplying U-boats) get regularly recycled when convenient.

    The motivations are clear, the case weak, the effect diminishes year by year.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Hempel returned to Germany in 1949 and was denazified in Stade in the British occupation zone as "Category V – exonerated", so faced no sanctions.[6]

    Hempel was reinstated in the Foreign Service of the Federal Republic of Germany on 31 January 1950, and retired on 18 December 1951. This secured his pension as a retired ambassador

    The British really had it in for him didn't they.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Stop editing the Irish reply to Roosevelt out!

    The President interrupted to say that he believed in being perfectly frank. He said 'you are reported as having said that the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory'. Mr. Aiken said he had said nothing of the kind, and I backed him up in this, and further said that we had seen no report alleging any such statement.

    Why was Roosevelt annoyed by Aiken? Was it because we wanted assurances that Britain wouldn't invade Ireland?

    Mr. Aiken, standing, asked the President whether we could say that he (the President) sympathised with Ireland's stand against aggression. The President replied 'against German aggression'. Mr. Aiken said 'or British aggression'. The President said 'Nonsense, you don't fear an attack from England. England is not going to attack you. It's a preposterous suggestion.' Mr. Aiken said why did the British refuse to give us a specific undertaking on this point when they were asked to. The President said 'It is absurd nonsense, ridiculous nonsense. Why, Churchill would never do anything of that kind. I wouldn't mind saying it to him myself.' Mr. Aiken said 'Will you do this, Mr. President'. He said 'I certainly will. I'll ask Churchill myself.' Mr. Aiken then said 'Would you give an instruction, Mr. President, that we get a definite yes or no on the matter of supplies within a few days'. He said 'I will do that.' We then withdrew, the interview having lasted from 12.30 to 1.45.

    This is my 3rd time correcting you on this.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    I challenged Flinty to show that there was still talk (outside those huffing on behalf of Britain) about our neutrality in WW2 or to show any residual negative impacts on us. Nothing forthcoming.

    To me the evidence suggests that FDR ultimately understood the position Dev was in and while wishing it was other didn't sanction or embargo or cut off diplomatic ties as a result.
    It has to be remembered that FDR, an acolyte of the anti imperialist Woodrow Wilson, embodied the American distrust of Churchill and Britain's Imperial motivations.

    I have not become the King's First Minister in order to preside over the liquidation of the British Empire. (WC speech in 1942)



    He and Churchill clashed repeatedly over these issues.

    Dev was caught in the middle of this and had his own people to look after.



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 716 ✭✭✭myfreespirit


    +1 to that ^

    Unfortunately, Francis McM very frequently uses fact-free posts for some odd reason. When challenged to back up their claims, nothing is forthcoming, probably because they know they are wrong.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    I did not say the State erected a statue to Nazi collaborator, I said "Ireland" did, and yes I know it was just Republicans in Ireland who did so, but they were allowed do so by the State. And the leader of the largest political party in Ireland has defended the statue to the Nazi collaborator. Mary Lou McDonald even attended a commemoration at the Statue of the wartime IRA leader and Nazi collaborator Seán Russell, who died on a German U-boat submarine.  



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    History is a playground for people with axes to grind. There are so many facts and opinions that one or a few can be the basis for false narratives or conspiracy theories.

    Holocaust deniers are the most obvious example but not the only ones.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    The Allies had monitored the radio communication from Hempel the Nazi from Dublin to Germany during the war

    As noted already, after the war, the Allies had plenty of other things to be doing, but why do you think the US and Allied forces requested that the Irish government extradite Hempel to stand trial? Dev refused, knowing the Allies had details of thousands of messages Hempel sent, which cost Allied lives.

    By 1949 the Allies had moved on a bit and were busy trying to rebuild their economies and countries and were fighting Russia in the cold war. The Allies even used ex-Nazi in that Cold War fight. But the fact remains, our neutrality and Hempels communications cost Allied lives.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Do you think the Americans did not have ears? Why do you think the President of America said to Dev's representative Aiken "you are reported as having said that the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory"? And they threw a fit, throwing knives and cutlery? Roosevelt must have believed it.

    Why did the American want to extradite Hempel after the war?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Don't you think that if they had intercepted Hempel sending details of Dieppe like you claimed that they would have altered their plans. The would also have given proof to Dev that this was happening.

    The Allies wanted Hempel to stand trial, how did they classify him?

    Five categories were established: Major Offenders, Offenders, Lesser Offenders, Followers, and Exonerated Persons.

    Category V - Exonerated.

    Can you show any proof that Hempel's communication cost lives?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    The Nazi did not pay: it was the West German government long long after the war who paid a small token amount.

    Final payment was not made until 1958 and used Marshall Aid money. The Germans threw us a few bob of American money and hoped they could then trade with us, sll us cars in the future etc.

    No money could compensate for 28 dead and many more seriously injured anyway.

    The Nazi aircraft circled around the well lit up city of Dublin, quite distinctive from the air because of the Liffey, Dublin Bay etc, before dropping the bombs. Do you think the Nazi pilots were blind? UK cities had blackouts and did not have rivers like the Liffey flowing west to East in to Dublin Bay.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    FOR THE FOURTH TIME!

    The President interrupted to say that he believed in being perfectly frank. He said 'you are reported as having said that the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory'. Mr. Aiken said he had said nothing of the kind, and I backed him up in this, and further said that we had seen no report alleging any such statement.

    Roosevelt could not provide any proof of such a statement despite by asked by Aiken

    And I've already told you why Roosevelt threw a hissy fit.

    The Allies wanted Hempel and when they got him he was classed at the lowest possible level!



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    I already debunked that amatuer historians theory with a list of facts from the relevant authorities. Weather was bad that night with low visibility yet you claim it was well lit up and distinctive despite the actual pilots report!



  • Advertisement
  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Roosevelt met Aiken, and threw a fit with Aiken, and said to Aiken ""you are reported as having said that the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory" before America was even in the war.

    Of course Aiken would deny he said that "the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory", but records show that the US President did say to Aiken ""you are reported as having said that the Irish had nothing to fear from a German victory". US President were not reported at making accusations like like or throwing fits for no reason, esp when America was not even in the war.

    Dev allowed time for Hempel to destroy the most sensitive documents before the United States envoy, David Gray, formally took charge of the German embassy premises. The Americans did want to extradite him.



Advertisement
Advertisement