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Is Irelands neutrality stance in WW2 unfairly criticized? (see Mod note 217)

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Answers

  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    The northern authorities never hung prisoners in their jails, yet they come in for more criticism by Republicans?

    Tom Williams (IRA) was executed on the 2nd September 1942 by hanging in Crumlin Road jail for the murder of an RUC policeman.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,719 ✭✭✭con___manx1


    The reason we didn't join was because the news was not like it is today. I believe they didn't realise how bad it was on continental Europe.

    It would also mean helping our sworn enemies at the time who in fairness behaved just as bad as germnay did on our land. I'd say develera did not give a **** england was getting bombed to bits. He hated Churchill , loyd george and so on. They were basically our version of Hitler.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    They can build airfields.

    "…Led by Director General Sir Hugh Beaver, the Ministry workforce, mainly Irish, built 444 airfields in 1942-44. At their peak in 1943 they were building one every three days. When the war began in 1939, the RAF was using grass strips…"

    There were southern convoys that passed south of Ireland and it was a transit route for U-Boats. The SW Coast of Britain and Wales were littered with Costal Command airfields and flying boat docks.

    Dresden was bombed 7 times. In 1944, Oct, then in 1945 Jan, Feb (4 raids (the "fire bombing"), then March and April. Hamburg was firebombed in 1943. Berlin was bombed over 300 times, (100 times in 1945).

    You'd have to be very gullible to believe the allied recoiled in horror due to Dresden raids in Feb. They firebombed Tokyo in March. They bombed Japan relentlessly in 1945.

    Churchill’s omitting things on VE day about the bombing campaign was political stroke. He didn't stop the bombing and He sent the Back and Tans into Ireland. But how many Civilians died across the world due to a war that German and Japan started.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997


    "…But yeah Dev and the Irish.."

    Kinda hard to have thread on Irelands Neutrality in WW2 without mentioning "Dev and the Irish".



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    It's not that we shouldn't mention Dev it's just that it's a stock whataboutery answer for some posters. When faced with facts and uncomfortable truths it's their default answer.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    The FS was a democracy unlike Spain and Portugal who could decide whether to remain neutral or not depending on the perceived advantage to a ruling clique. Being a democracy the government needs to build a case for intervention and this was neither part of FF's nature or interest.

    If you're looking for an example of another country probably the nearest you will find is Sweden who cooperated with Germany out of necessity and after Barbarossa out of anti-Soviet sentiment but once the tide had decisively turned became more aligned with the western allies while maintaining their official neutrality.

    The FS/RoI was a target for venom from Britain and other Commonwealth countries, particularly Canada, post WW2 but while certain examples of this still occur it now mainly comes from British people nostalgic for the past.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Many Canadian, Americans and British lost relatives in the battle of the Atlantic, and it nearly cost the free world the war, because if the the battle of the Atlantic was lost, the war would have been lost. The world can also be thankful that during the war the Allies had some technological breakthroughs eg Sonar (originally termed ASDIC by the British).

    A number factors were used to close the mid-Atlantic gap and make the U boats less of the hunters and a bit more hunted .. breaking of German codes, advanced detection d lives if the British dgive not give sensors, and long-range air support, better techniques when submarines spotted etc

    Would definitely have been useful to the Allies and saved Allied lives if Chamberlin did not give Ireland the treaty ports in 1938. Churchill was against that but he was not in power then. The British gave them out of goodwill, thinking they may be able to use them again in times of war, but that did not turn out to be the case.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


     The British gave them out of goodwill,

    Wha?

    They weren't theirs to give.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    The FS/RoI was a target for venom from Britain and other Commonwealth countries, particularly Canada, post WW2 but while certain examples of this still occur it now mainly comes from British people nostalgic for the past.

    Yes,
    David McCullagh's two volume biography sets the record straight and shows Dev as a leader who did some good and some bad.
    Dev's legacy is much more complex and nuanced than these people are willing to admit. They are literally still sulking.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    They owned them, having possession of them and having built them.

    "Under the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, the British retained sovereign ownership of three strategic deep-water naval bases in the Irish Free State to protect their maritime and Atlantic supply routes"

    Chamberlin, UK p.m., did give them to "the Free State" in 1938 out of goodwill, hoping they could be used again in case of war.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    They were under the illusion they owned all of Ireland - they never did Francis.
    What you should have said was 'They gave them back'



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Well that was stupid of them then wasn't it. Surely with Europe on the brink of war you'ld put it in writing that any handover would be on condition of their use in a case of war. So rather than blame Dev maybe England should look to their own government.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    The Battle of the Atlantic wasn't won or lost because the IFS remained neutral, it had minimal influence chiefly due to NI being fully available and overflights of Donegal allowed, a fact little acknowledged in the RoI.

    There's a few things you left out as being of much greater influence, primarily the sudden unexpected fall of France, America's failure to take the threat from U-boats seriously on their entry. Also the Germans had some notable success breaking British codes due to RN failures, something that gets missed with all the attention on Enigma.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Sure was stupid of the then British P.M. Chamberlin. Wonder what the people who built and developed them would think, the British Royal Engineers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to protect maritime and shipping routes.

    What did Chamberlin get back for his goodwill gesture? Apart from losing the ports, the IRA carried out approx 300 bombings and acts of sabotage in mainland Britain between January 1939 and March 1940.

    No wonder Chamberlin the fool is not favourably remembered in history.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    I'd imagine his appeasement of Hitler and the German's will be remembered more.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    "They owned them, having possession of them and having built them."

    The Admiralty didn't put up much of a fight to keep them as they were expensive to maintain and static. It was a miscalculation by Chamberlain to expect them to become available in time of war.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 45,422 ✭✭✭✭ancapailldorcha


    Millions died in the Great War. It makes sense that Europe's statesmen wouldn't want another. It's not like Chamberlain was acting to protect personal financial interests in Germany.

    De Valera did very well to get the ports back. It meant we could be neutral and it was the key moment in Ireland coming of age.

    The foreigner residing among you must be treated as your native-born. Love them as yourself, for you were foreigners in Egypt. I am the LORD your God.

    Leviticus 19:34



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 81,058 ✭✭✭✭FrancieBrady


    Of course no-one wanted war. But Chamberlain's appeasement is remembered more than what Francis thinks he's remembered for.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    It seems all his arguments against Irish neutrality can be traced back to British mistakes.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 17,555 ✭✭✭✭Flinty997




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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    The Americans had no experience of war on their entry. Like Ireland throughout the war, they kept shore lights on so u-boats could see merchant shipping silhouetted against the lights. Then pounce when they were a bit more offshore. U-333 captain Peter Erich Cremer famously recounted cruising so close to the Florida coastline that he could read neon advertising signs while merchant ships passed by perfectly silhouetted. In the first 6 months of 1942 nearly 400 Allied ships were sunk off the coat of the Americas.

    In early 1943 the British rolled Naval Cypher No. 5 and highly secure Typex machines, which severely restricted German code-breaking capabilities.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Chamberlin handing over the Treaty ports a year before war broke out without any backup for when it did.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    In early 1943 the British rolled Naval Cypher No. 5 and highly secure Typex machines, which severely restricted German code-breaking capabilities.

    Better late than never I suppose.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    That was a mistake by Chamberlin. Churchill and others did not want to lose the Treaty ports.

    Still not sure what you mean by "It seems all his arguments against Irish neutrality can be traced back to British mistakes." What other mistakes are you on about?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    What form did you want Irish participation to take? Make a list and we'll go through it.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    I never said Chamberlins appeasment to the Germans was not the main thing he would be remembered for. Everyone knows he is most famous for signing the 1938 Munich Agreement and returning to the UK to famously declare "peace for our time". I suppose, being generous to him, he did not want war and trusted others too much. He certainly trusted the Germans too much and trusted us too. He thought it would never come to war or if it did, the ports could be used again. He certainly did not expect the IRA to carry out approx their 300 bombings and acts of sabotage in mainland Britain between January 1939 and March 1940. Something others often forget about.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 5,122 ✭✭✭adaminho


    Well you forgot about it last night when you claimed the British would never hang Irish prisoners.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 4,303 ✭✭✭Cyclingtourist


    Dev was able to play Britain and its allies off against Germany and visa versa.

    He was able too make concessions to Britain to make invasion unnecessary and more trouble than it was worth while at the same time making the argument to Germany that they should avoid giving Britain an excuse to invade.

    It worked and tight control of reporting was helpful in keeping much of the backroom manoeuvring out of the public gaze.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,540 ✭✭✭Francis McM


    Hands up, I forgot the Northern authorities did execute one IRA person out of 5 or 6 caught for murdering a Catholic RUC man, a father of 9 if I remember correctly, early during WW2. Dev murdered more in Irish jail. Considering the IRA carried out approx 300 bombings and acts of sabotage in mainland Britain between January 1939 and March 1940, maybe corporal punishment on both sides of the border worked? It had to work in order for Irish neutrality to work?



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 23,006 ✭✭✭✭Strazdas


    Given that only two European countries declared war on Nazi Germany in the early stages - France and Britain, two military superpowers with vast colonial empires, it would have been positively suicidal for a tiny impoverished country of 3m to also declare war on them. Much bigger democracies like the Netherlands and Belgium did their level best to keep out of the war, before being brutally invaded.



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