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Nuclear - future for Ireland?

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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 1,513 ✭✭✭riddlinrussell


    I await the reply of anti-nuclear posters to the above.

    My main issue is and always has been, you can sling mud here all you like, nobody anywhere close to the levers of power here has displayed an iota of interest in nuclear for over 40 years

    All the chat in the world on this thread will not build nuclear power in Ireland, I want to see a roadmap to changing that

    Boards is in danger of closing very soon, if it's yer thing, go here (use your boards.ie email!)

    👇️ 👇️



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 15,603 ✭✭✭✭josip


    I'm not anti-nuclear. I think it's great that France and other countries have nuclear. I think it was a mistake for Germany to turn away from nuclear but I'm blaming the Russians for that. But if it takes us 25 years to build a hospital and 35 years to get a 1 line metro, how many years would it take us to build an NPP? By the time we got it built, even fusion would probably be viable.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 16,597 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    It wasn`t Russia that made the Germans turn away from nuclear. Nor was it the Russians that made them shut down their remaining NPP`s during an energy crisis.

    It was German greens in government who had also been putting pressure on others who use NPP`s to do the same using Germany`s clout in the E.U.attempting to achieve. Something which the E.U. now sees as a strategic mistake.

    The same argument can be made on fusion in regards to the present plan here, in that it will also take 25 years at a cost we simply cannot afford domestically or for our economy, that would still not provide our 2050 needs on demand or emissions.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 16,597 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    All the chat in the world is not going to change the cost of this present plan, but if those that favor it believe we can afford it without bankrupting the country and leaving us with the planet`s most expensive electricity I have been waiting to see that costed road map for a long time now and still nothing.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,034 ✭✭✭✭Red Silurian


    You would need to find a political party who are for the idea of building our own nuclear power stations, get out and vote for them and make sure a lot of other people do the same. Open to correction but I don't know of any pro-nuclear political party in Ireland

    Your other option is to join one of the established political parties and change their policy on Nuclear from the inside, then again make sure enough people go out and vote for said political party

    All I can say is, good luck

    You can make the same argument for any other power plant, wind farm, solar farm etc etc. It will take us years to build up any extra capacity regardless of what fuel powers the grid. Steering towards one fuel type or another should be a largely irrelevant conversation to have in the context of time spent building



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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    During the energy crisis of 2022 half of France's nuclear plants were offline.

    No EPR has had a capacity factor of 70% three years in a row.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Nuclear is a poor solution looking for a problem.

    To build a NPP here would take 20 years and another year to get up to speed and 18 months per reactor.

    By then our demand will be much higher and our emissions a lot lower so it'll be too little too late, especially if we get locked to a contract where nuclear has to be paid for while it's producing power whether we need it or not.

    Nuclear will have no role in backup, spinning reserve, daily peaking, winter peak, or voltage stability near the cities.

    No EPR has hit 75% capacity factor two years in a row.

    No EPR has hit 70% capacity factor three years in a row.

    If we have enough backup to support nuclear then we don't really need it. .



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 9,942 ✭✭✭SeanW


    Yet we're in a new energy crisis, in which our "Plan B" (importing gas from the Middle East) has blown up in our faces. And nuclear is shining.

    See for example, France right now. Or Sweden. Or Ontario, Canada. Or, for that matter, Finland. All of these regions have cheaper energy than Ireland, in some cases by orders of magnitude, and vastly cleaner, again, in some cases by an order of magnitude.

    Meanwhile, here in Ireland we are hopelessly reliant on gas - which is a political nightmare, and our energy costs are measurably disastrous. I looked up the stats both for wholesale energy costs and CO2 output. The combination of the two are legitimately horrifying. I do not understand how anyone could look at this and not come to the inescapable conclusion that our current policy is a cluster of dumpster fires. So I'm going to ask you categorically:

    1. Do you think Ireland has made good energy policy decisions up to this point? If yes, how do you reconcile that with the below live stats?
    2. In particular, do you think that decisions that have led to us being so heavily dependent on gas was a mistake?
    3. Do you have any credible plan to reduce or preferably eliminate Ireland's over-reliance on natural gas specifically for electricity? Preferably in the very near term.
    4. Where is your evidence that any of what you suggest will realistically lower Ireland's energy costs OR CO2 output, let alone both, as Ontario, France, Finland etc. managed decades ago?
    5. Do you have any plan, other than vague waffle about future technologies, to deal with the instability of weather-dependent renewables, including the potential for another Christmas 2010 type scenario of extreme "dunkelflaute" at a time of heightened energy demand?
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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 16,597 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    During 2022 you were predicting that French nuclear generation would be in the low 40%. It was 63%.

    You have been shown a number of times that even at a 50% capacity factor, your favorite most expensive nuclear plant would still generate electricity cheaper than wind.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    63% was averaged over a full year.

    At one point 26 reactors were off line at the same time. We'd be dead in the water if we relied on nuclear. Any interconnectors , storage, backup that would get us through that would mean renewables would a no brainer.

    Nuclear is intermittent on a longer time scale than renewables, so needs more longer backup times and it require spinning reserve all the time.

    A 50% capacity factor for wind means that in 20+ years time nuclear would only be needed 50% of the time essentially doubling the cost of nuclear. And there'll be solar too so nuclear would only be need a small fraction of the time adding multiples to the cost per MW/h.

    And silence on how we keep the lights on while waiting for nuclear.



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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Figure 21+ years for the first reactor + 18 months for each additional one. You need to tell us how to keep the lights on until then.

    Nuclear will have no role worth talking about in meeting our 2050 targets. It won't provide more than a fraction of peak demand and is utterly dependent on curtailment of cheaper generators in order to get a price locked in for up to half a century.

    Gas is a transitional fuel. Existing turbines can use Biogas and a % of hydrogen. And they can be adapted to take more hydrogen eg: add steam. The next generation will be field convertible to run on hydrogen, so as old turbines are replaced we'll get new capabilities.

    By the time nuclear appears (provided there's no delays or cost overruns) we'll be down to 3-4% of current emissions. Even so means we can easily get though a Dunkelflaute until 2048 and by then we should have enough biogas/biomass anyway.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,034 ✭✭✭✭Red Silurian


    I was in France in 2022, there were rapid car chargers there costing 16c/kWh. I'm not sure what the home rates were but there was reports of some govt instruction given to EDF to keep prices low and they saw out the energy crisis very nicely without any major bump in electricity costs.

    We, on the other hand, learnt nothing from the 2022 energy crisis and now that there's one coming later this year our plan is to do nothing again



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Instead of making billions EDF lost €18Bn that year because the govt told them to suck it up. Also they were nationalised bailed out big time. Too big to fail means subsidy magnet. Walk away.

    Nuclear will have no role in any energy crisis here for ~20 years. The UK is in one now because of failure to deliver.

    What % of our forecast 2050 peak demand could be supplied by nuclear by 2050 ? Because that's the % nuclear is worth at best. It won't get us through those dark calm days, we will still need dispatchables.

    And the rest of the time nuclear will be a burden on the grid , requiring subsidies for spinning reserve, backup and the curtailment of cheaper generators.

    Paying for 100% of nuclear's output whether you need it not starts to look expensive compared to inefficient things like the 40% round trip efficiency of hydrogen from surplus renewables that you only use when you need it. As we already get ~50% of our power from wind it's not like we should pay for nuclear more than 50% of the time even now.

    The issue is how could our grid cope with the historical downtimes of nuclear. No EPR has achieved 70% capacity factor for three years in a row.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,034 ✭✭✭✭Red Silurian


    Similar to what happened here except instead of the energy companies getting bailed out for offering cheaper electricity every electricity bill got a credit. Regardless of the country money had to go from the government to the people via the energy companies



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,127 ✭✭✭Markcheese


    Nuclear has a ridiculously long lead time, it would likely be 20 to 25 years from the start of serious intent to actually getting power .. ( and thats assuming that there isnt 10 to 15 years of legal delays in there,) so some time around 2050 ish .. if the start date was now ..

    Whats our predicted electrical consumption for 2050.. ?? Its likely that a couple of reactors would fit in to the Irish grid relatively well by then …

    The spinning reserve element and peaks +off peaks is likely to be taken care of by grid scale batteries , that are likely to be on the grid any way -

    We might need an upgraded grid , but we'll prob need that for renewables too so again likely largey already there , obviously we'd need a degree of reserve power , ( any power station can go offline for extended periods as shown when whitegate and huntstown ( ? ) , both went bang at the same time - and were both down for over a year almost a gw ) , so thats likely to still be gas .. the ones we have now will likely need replacement ,or full refurbs by then , and a whole load of new one will have to be built anyway to last us till some indeterminate point when nuclear comes on stream..

    But those gas generators also would be necessary.. so ok ,

    So it'd be carry on as we are - putting in billions worth of renewables - gas and energy storage - while also having a 30 to 50 billion( at todays money,so add inflation ,which is true of all systems) euro nuclear power station built ( I'm assuming 2 reactors )

    I doubt we'd get a deal like the uk got - a contract for difference—Where EDF front the cash , and take all the risk ,UK consumers dont start paying till the power comes on stream - and only pay the pre agreed rate for what power is delivered,

    The polish gov is fronting the initial cash to get started - and going guarentor for the subsequent construction costs - even if the US is providing a lot of the actual finance . Likely a lower cost , as long as everything goes well . But theres lots of cases of nuclear construction where everything hasn't gone well ..

    Slava ukraini 🇺🇦



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2, Paid Member Posts: 9,942 ✭✭✭SeanW


    I plan to address these points in more detail later, but just on a brief review, you appear to be holding fast to the idea that "gas is a transition fuel." Leaving aside many questions this raises, the biggest one is simply this:

    Where is this gas supposed to come from, in the Western European context?

    • Plan A was to assume that Russia would be a stable energy partner and that Europe could buy all its gas from Putin and Co. without political issues.
    • Plan B was to import gas via LNG from the Middle East because as we all know it's such a stable part of the world, with such a long history of peace and no maritime chokepoints or anything. And even that was with no gas storage, no LNG terminals of our own, etc.
    • What is Plan C?

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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Nuclear has no role in weaning ourselves off gas anytime soon so your arguments are moot.

    Plan A/B/C/D/E will be the same for the next 20+ years regardless. Maybe after that, nuclear could possible be like a blister that only shows up when the hard work is done.

    You can use batteries to act as a reserve for asynchronous renewables because there would be no change in the % of synchronous generation on the grid if one replaced the other. And you only need to replace the largest generator on the grid. Worst case backup even during the worst weather would be for a matter of days.

    You can't rely on nuclear to provide the minimum % of synchronous generation without having other synchronous generators acting as spinning reserve in case there's a transformer fire or SCRAM. And you need to keep a lot more batteries on standby as it's a larger generator. And things like EPR's have 50 day refuelling downtimes, and that's when they don't have problems.

    Nuclear would be a burden on the grid. Remove the subsidies for reserve and backup and only buy nuclear at market rates and all the (false) economies fall away. Like I keep saying right now we wouldn't need nuclear half the time. Which alone doubles it's effective cost.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 10,150 ✭✭✭✭Birdnuts


    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-considers-ramping-up-coal-power-to-avert-energy-crisis/

    Your hypocracy on the matter knows no bounds - seems like wind doesn't even allow the likes of Germany to wean itself off dirty coal!! Compare that to the French Grid!!



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,671 ✭✭✭Busman Paddy Lasty


    I'm first in the queue to criticise Germany for shutting down their nuclear. A country that size with heavy industry it was a crazy decision. May have been influenced by corruption as well.

    Most important take away - nothing to do with Ireland! Or nuclear for Ireland.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 316 ✭✭tppytoppy


    Capt'n Midnight will be fighting a rearguard when Ireland eventually steps in line and commissions nuclear plants like the rest of the western world. He will ignore the billions wasted on the destruction of the Irish countryside with wind turbines and will be nowhere to be found when the local authorities are scratching their heads trying to figure out how to dispose those very non- biodegradable turbine blades abandoned by vulture capitalists who are long gone.



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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    image.png

    EU , UK , Norway and Switzerland all reduced CO2. And IIRC apart from Finland none of them increased nuclear. A good few reactors were shutdown , you can see the blips in some former Eastern Bloc countries.

    France's CO2 emissions dropped 61% since they pushed out wind and solar.

    To unspin your accusation : Germany maintains a hard coal reserve power plant fleet of around 6.7 gigawatts. that they might use in Winter. As a last resort. For a few days. If there's a Dunkelflaute. And that's because the orange one is going out of his way to harm Europe's economy.

    eg: https://analysesetdonnees.rte-france.com/en/annual-review-2024/keyfindings

    France experienced three such episodes in 2024, including two lasting two days and one lasting four days, when the wind and solar load factors were below their second decile (in 2023 there were no episodes lasting several days … Dunkeflaute situation in Germany between 11 and 13 December:



  • Moderators, Business & Finance Moderators Posts: 11,189 Mod ✭✭✭✭Jim2007


    How is it a conspiracy theory???… Well for a start like most of your bubble you have no understanding of what Blackrock actually does. And with that your entire nonsense goes down the toilet. And this is where it ends for me because it is pointless to try and discuss something with someone who does not even grasp the basics.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 21,872 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    He doesn't give a toss about CO2; anything so long as it's not nuclear is the theme.

    As of a few years ago, the only power source that had generated more zero CO2 energy than nuclear was hydro.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    "All modern aircraft have four dimensions: span, length, height and politics. TSR-2 simply got the first three right." - Sir Sydney Camm about the TSR-2

    Commercial interest in nuclear goes up when there's an energy crisis to exploit and drops after an incident.

    In the case of Spain Franco's dictatorship signed the contracts but the new democratic regime hasn't ordered any more. The one in the Basque country didn't get build because terrorism.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 21,872 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    The EU just signed a free trade agreement with Australia, one of the worlds largest suppliers of LNG. There have been a few shipments from Aus. to Europe. Unfortunately long term supply contracts with Japan and other Asian countries take up most of the available capacity, but the EU should seriously look at taking all the remaining capacity and seeking increased capacity. Due to distance it's probably more expensive than the US option, but Aus. are reliable and aren't utter dicks like the US, whose ambassador has just been threatening to cut supply unless the EU obeys.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,034 ✭✭✭✭Red Silurian


    To come back to one of my earlier points. If we want nuclear here we need to vote for a political party that is pro-nuclear and that party needs to have a say on the matter in the next fail

    In Germany the people voted to allow the anti-nuclear greens to form part of their government, resulting in their NPPs being closed down.

    So it's true to say that what happens in Germany has no effect here but if we want nuclear we need to get real about who we're voting for



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 16,597 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    For someone who keeps rabbiting on about nuclear capacity factor you seem confused as to what a figure for capacity factor means. It`s the percentage averaged over a full year of the installed capacity, and for 2022 for French nuclear it was 63%. Not the 40% you were predicting at the time.

    That was just 6% lower than the percentage of demand that nuclear supplied in 2021, so if half their fleet was off line for 2022 which you are suggesting, then they must have really ramped up generation to a high capacity factor for the other half of their fleet. So what did French renewable do in 2022 to fill that 6% shortage ?

    Short answer sfa because they can only be ramped down not up. Other than getting a 20% increase of nuclear at a rock bottom price of €42 per MWh to provide their base-loads, they generated the same 24% in 2022 as they did in 2021 with just 14% from wind and solar.

    Renewables are intermittent at all times. They cannot provide base-load or spinning reserves. Nuclear can do both.

    Did you not get the memo ? This 50% and higher capacity factor for West coast offshore wind that was going to earn us a fortune via export and pay for this present mess of a plan was an Irish Green Party, myth/lie, choose whichever you wish. Eamon Ryan knew it and eventually had to admit it. Sceirde Rocks just added the final nail to that coffin. Denmark has been held up by some as the example of wind power, yet they have been net importers since 2011 and with their access to Norway`s hydro highly likely being cut due to them draining Norway and increasing electricity prices there have recently said that "something else" other than renewables is required to run their grid and are looking too nuclear as that "something else"

    Wind cannot even compete cost wise with nuclear at 50% and solar is sound asleep in the dark here for two of the three peak demands daily during our period of annual peak demand, and wind has fallen to next to nothing for long extended periods then as well.

    Far as I recall I have already, as have others, @SeanW recently, told you how so not as deafening as the silence from you as to how much this plan you favor will cost the country, or by what magnitude it will increase the strike price when we are already regulars in the top three European charts for the highest electricity charges.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 98,142 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    If you cared about CO2 you'd be doing something now, like maybe renewables ?

    Instead your plan is to wait 20 years for nuclear which absolutely requires spinning reserve and backup and you need to state how that will be provided, and what about peaking and systemic failures taking large %'s of nuclear offline at the same time.

    image.png

    Apart from Finland , the move to CCGT and renewables are responsible for these drops in emissions in these countries.

    And even with Finland they got almost as much zero carbon power from Wind in 2024 than they got from their new reactor in BOTH 2023 AND 2024 combined, and all the wind was installed while the nuclear plant was delayed.

    The move from incandescent bulbs to more efficient ones reduced demand by more than nuclear produces. That generated more CO2 savings than nuclear. (14% vs 9%)

    Replacing the dirtiest 12% of global electrical production , the old inefficient coal plants , with CCGT would reduce emissions by 9%. We've done more than that.

    Nuclear is not doing the heavy lifting you think it is.

    image.png

    In 2024 wind produced 90% of what nuclear produced. And Solar 77%. So nuclear will get pushed down a place or two shortly.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,671 ✭✭✭Busman Paddy Lasty


    Absolutely. Legislation banning nuclear in Ireland would have to be overturned so we'd need a majority not just one party.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 16,597 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Eirgrid projections for 2050 are 84TWh, and that did not allow for increase due to AI. Wind Energy Ireland 84 - 122TWh.

    Finland has the same population as Ireland and their present demand is 85TWh, 40% of which is supplied by nuclear and is one of the cheapest European countries for electricity. Similar to us now they were importing ~15% of their demand until OL3 came on line, (supplying 14% of their electricity), where that fell to 2%.

    The average build time for nuclear is 8 years, so any longer would be down to us getting our act together on planning and legal challenges. Seeing as there is a big push both here and in the E.U. to do that with renewables I do not see how the same could not be applied to nuclear..

    Carrying on as we are really is not an economic option. At present the capital cost of offshore means that the cost alone of the turbines for this 37GW plan would be €240 Billion. The hydrogen element of that plan and battery storage would push that figure to over €300 Billion, and due to the lifespan of those turbines would require further capital costs of between 1.5 and twice the same again before 2050.

    So really under this present 37GW/Hydrogen plan you are looking at a figure not much short of €1 Trillion between now and 2050. It would still not provide for the projected Eirgrid demand, let alone that of Wind Energy Ireland, and would result in a strike price of 4 times the present for a country that has already one of the highest priced electricity supply in Europe.

    Continuing as we are is financial suicide, and I have not seen anyone even attempting to show how it is not.



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