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Nuclear - future for Ireland?

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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    Nah charlie, you may think you're some sort of original thinker bringing "new information" to the "debate" when in fact you're just regurgitating half-understood climate-change denialist nonsense that we've heard a million times before.

    Not only that but you do so with long rambling, repetitive and tiring gish-gallop type missives.

    You never respond to any basic facts which demonstrate the mistakes in your thinking but seem to expect that others should spend time rebutting a bunch of numbers you've pulled out of your arse.

    You're "not even wrong", you don't even understand or refuse to understand the conversation.

    You're being done a kindness here - it's to stop you wasting any more of your time when your "work" is being ignored.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Spoofer.

    You have been running away and hiding everytime I mentioned to you that I have been a long time waiting for your figures for this offshore/hydrogen wind plan where you claimed my verifiable figures were incorrect.



  • Posts: 6,631 ✭✭✭ [Deleted User]


    Repeating yourself in long tedious posts is not winning the argument and Its convincing no one that we will change course and go nuclear. Your firmly losing the argument because no one is stupid enough to imagine nuclear is a good idea for Ireland and there is no money been diverted from renewables to pursue your fantasy.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    I do not know why you are telling me about Drax. I have been posting for years that Drax is a complete con job and have posted the stats that showed it as such. The theory of burning wood being carbon neutral did not come from those favouring nuclear, it came from greens and the E.U.

    Useful for the E.U. that generates 60% of its "green" energy from biomass when it comes to reaching a target of reducing emission by 55% from their 1990 level by 2030, not so much for Ireland where we didn`t use wood burning for electricity generation. Well…. not until recently where we are now running to catch up with a generating plant in Offaly now burning wood imported from above all places Brazil, and another opening in Killala in Mayo to be supplied with 200,000 tons of wood annually shipped to Killybegs in Donegal and then transported by road to Killala.The road round trip alone is 330 kms. If you are somehow looking to nuclear to blame for the farce of wood burning classified as a carbon neutral energy source, then you are looking in the wrong direction.

    Currently our demand is around 6 GW with renewables providing around 2 GW and fossil fuels the remaining 4 GW. THe projected demand for 2050 is 14 GW, this 37 GW plan will only generate under 8 GW for consumption. That would leave us short by 4 GW same as we are now. So in reality we would just be running to stand still as far as emissions are concerned. To get to renewables covering 100% by 2050, under this present plan, would require an additional spend of 50% which would bring the total cost to around €400 Bn with further eye-watering capital spends every 20 odd years.

    For a population of 5 million that is not simply lunacy, it`s financial hari-kari. And it`s not as if we are going to have bargain price electricity either. The strike price from the last ORESS offering, with all things considered, is even higher than the "most expensive power plant ever built" and from the latest strike prices awarded to Orsted and Equinor at 80% higher than those they originally agreed on, then that strike price is not going to get any cheaper.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Yes Drax is a con job. And goes through so much virgin forest that it's not all that renewable.

    But it answers the question of how much extra dead money would need to be spent if we choose to wait years and years for nuclear power to arrive.

    The more you look at nuclear the worse it gets.

    I still can't get my head around the fact that even though nuclear power plant costs escalated from €3Bn (each) to €45Bn (for two) it's still less than the future spend to cover the missing power on a plant that was supposed to be powering Christmas dinners back in 2017. And that is just one of the subsides that nuclear gets.

    No one knows what the price of solar will be in 2050.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    At the end of the day as with everything else money talks not magical money tree thinking.

    But then with still not a single figure from you to show my figure are incorrect you know that otherwise you would have posted them.



  • Posts: 6,631 ✭✭✭ [Deleted User]


    Indeed money talks which is why nuclear is never coming to Ireland.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Well at least we agree on that, but it`s not just Drax alone that makes it a con job. It`s the classification by the E.U. of the exercise as being carbon neutral that is the biggest con. With 60% of the E.U. energy coming from biomass, bookkeeping wise it looks good for those countries who are major users of this source. For those that are not they could quite conceivable end up buying carbon credits from those that are who are using this source.

    The Irish Green Party may be slow learners, as evident by the whole LNG debacle where in the end they had to do an about turn, but even then in a hamfisted manner and Eamon Ryan still hand sitting on the it, but there is no excuse for importing wood for electricity generation in plants in Offaly and Mayo.

    Domestically solar panels have their uses, but we are not exactly living on the Equator so I would have serious doubts about it filling the 4GW gap in the 2050 37GW plan. The capacity factor for Ireland during Winter is at best around 6%. To generate 4GW from solar would require an installed nameplate capacity of at least 65GW or X65 times the number of solar panels supplying the grid at present. That would again have to be added to the cost of the 37GW plan, and with what we have seen with offshore and wind turbine costs overall, which again like wind turbines would require further massive capital investments on a rolling 25 year basis.

    I would not have any great hope in solar panels becoming cheaper. The Chinese might keep the price the same as currently, but they would be using coal to do so, which would make purchasing them from China questionable at the very least.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Indeed money does talk, but for you it`s a subject you have shown repeatedly how determined you are to avoid talking about.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Since the Chinese went into solar in a big way in 2006 the learning curve is almost 40%. That's how much real costs fall each time global output doubles.

    Here's a copy of the International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaics (ITRPV) detailing the technologies that will deliver upcoming cost reductions.

    For wind IIRC it's 7% not freefall but sill decreasing faster than inflation. On the other hand nuclear costs increase over time , the measured learning curve is negative.



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  • Posts: 6,631 ✭✭✭ [Deleted User]


    Where are the private investors for nuclear ?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 18,854 ✭✭✭✭silverharp


    I see the Chinese fully tested a Gen 4 pebble bed reactor , well done them! , they have an incentive to throw resources at it

    A belief in gender identity involves a level of faith as there is nothing tangible to prove its existence which, as something divorced from the physical body, is similar to the idea of a soul. - Colette Colfer



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    From a quick read through of that ITRPV report, they must have written it in very cramped conditions. Unless I missed it, while putting it together they skipped around the very large elephant in the room. China.

    China now produces over 80% of world solar panels and controls 93% of polysilicon production. Their polysilicon production and refining is concentrated in the Xinjiang Uyghua Autonomous Region (XUAR) and is the most intense energy step in solar panel manufacturing. 77% of the power in the region is from coal.

    The XUAR is also home to concentration camps housing 1 million people being used as slave labour. In 2021 The Bureau of International Labour Affairs (ILAB) added Polysilicon as being produced by forced labour in China.

    China are the most dominant manufacturers of solar panels worldwide by a long way, and have achieved that by using cheap energy (coal), and slave labour. Manufacturers with such a dominant position over competitors do not lower prices. They do not need too and are more likely to raise them. Whatever the price, if you are going to use solar to plug that 4 GW gap in the 2050 plan, adding 64 GW of istalled capacity is not going to be cheap and will just add to the already massive cost of that plan with all the knock-on effects for the consummer via the strike price.

    I would have thought the E.U. would have learned from Germany`s encouragement of Putin`s gas, but it appears not as they have rowed back on any proposals to curb China`s dominance on solar panel supply to the E.U. and like Putin`s gas are again leaving the E.U. open to being held as a hostage to fortune.

    I do not know if you could even regard offshore wind generation in terms of inflation. It has created an inflation bubble all of its own, very much like tulips in the 17th century, with recent prices showing an 80% increase in a year.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    It's based on German tech. Their AVR: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Versuchsreaktor started producing power on the grid back in December 18, 1966, (pdf)

    Chinese presentation on their pebble bed tech - they claim to have been developing the tech since the 1970's so don't expect any sudden improvements.

    IIRC the TRISO fuel for at least one of the Chinese pebble bed reactors was imported from a German company.

    The AVR was predated by the 1959 OECD Dragon Reactor which was on from 1966-1975. The signatories to the Dragon agreement are the European Toggle showing location of Column 68 Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), Sweden, Switzerland and Austria.

    Like the AVR it also used thorium so that "new tech" box was ticked too.

    With nuclear, new tech isn't. It's all been done before, there hasn't been any fundamentally new in a very long time. However the economics of renewables have completely changed the landscape.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Seeing as how nuclear has a average cost increase of 120% even your worst unsubstantiated scaremongering example of a price increase for wind still makes wind look better. And we don't have to wait 16 year to start getting power.

    Nuclear is the ultimate vendor lock-in.

    I notice you haven't disputed any of the technology that will continue to reduce to costs of solar. Future costs of solar will be a lot cheaper than today.

    And nuclear's clean up cost is only going one way "An estimated 523 abandoned uranium mines and four abandoned uranium mills languish throughout the Navajo Nation"



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 18,854 ✭✭✭✭silverharp


    they published that they has run a meltdown test (ie it didnt) last year which worked and I think its been online since the end of last year. if I remember the stats the Chinese want to tipple their energy output by 2050 of which nuclear will be a fifth and they produce at a much lower cost and dropping compared to the US but that 4th gen should be competitive with renewables. The Challenge for the US will be to keep up

    A belief in gender identity involves a level of faith as there is nothing tangible to prove its existence which, as something divorced from the physical body, is similar to the idea of a soul. - Colette Colfer



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The UK , Germany and the US all had working gas cooled grid connected reactors of a similar type back in the 1960's with similar melt proofing (and thorium). But were beaten commercially by water cooled ones.

    Think of them as idiot-proof small reactors for use in out of the way places. They aren't meant for core grid usage.

    Second Generation reactors might be competitive with renewables (mainly because the capital costs were paid off ages ago) Build time was 5 years when all the ducks are lined up. Anyone suggesting build times of close to 5 years is referring to 40-50 year old smaller reactors with fewer safety features.

    Third Generation reactors with their extra safety features are taking at least 13-16 years to plan and build and are way more expensive to build. Roadkill in the face of future solar + storage costs.

    Fourth Generation is mostly vapourware. The Russians and Chinese have built ones after extended delays (12+ years IIRC) , but no evidence that they are remotely economic. (Russian one is on a barge or something.) We won't be buying Russian, and the Chinese have only exported other reactor types, and only to Pakistan, the enemy of their enemy India. All the other Gen IV are vapourware, no chance of arriving any time soon.

    The US keeping up ?

    50% of all new US reactor constructions started since July 1977 have been cancelled.

    I'm not even counting things like the three Shearon Harris reactors that were planned but not started - seriously have a look if you think the US was even still in the game as far back as the 1980's.

    While the most recent one Voglte was completed, Westinghouse paid $3.7 Billion to walk away from the Vogtle plant during construction. It was finished in 2017 April this year. Since 2013 the US has paid $30Bn extra to get two reactors and two filled in holes in the ground.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 18,854 ✭✭✭✭silverharp


    Interesting, I think for the US their regs make it hard and more expensive to do anything, the big play seems to be the demand "AI" will put on existing energy capacity so it will become a race to expand capacity their capacity v China , Europe is out of the game and will just regulate everything to death

    A belief in gender identity involves a level of faith as there is nothing tangible to prove its existence which, as something divorced from the physical body, is similar to the idea of a soul. - Colette Colfer



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,511 ✭✭✭KrisW1001


    Nuclear power is the very worst answer to a rapidly emerging, medium-term demand like AI. Even the most optimistic champions of the technology say it takes 5 years to bring on line (sceptics say 15+ years), and once in place you cannot retrofit or scale up a nuclear plant: what you put in on day one is what you live with for 50 years.

    That last point is important because the huge energy use of AI is not a long term issue. It's high at present because there are various ventures all racing to complete their AI model training ahead of their competition. Not only do you have many companies involved, you also have them trying to run as fast as possible, and energy efficiency of computers is not linear: running faster uses a lot more energy per instruction than running more slowly.

    When the technology matures, and the also-rans get thinned out, this rate of computation will drop dramatically. Actually running an AI model doesn't require huge amounts of computing power - some are better than traditional software, some are worse.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 250 ✭✭scrabtom


    Do you have a source about that AI stuff?

    Never heard of it put like that, I'd be interested to read more about it.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,511 ✭✭✭KrisW1001


    Here's a good overview of the difference between training and use:

    https://www.theverge.com/24066646/ai-electricity-energy-watts-generative-consumption

    The low energy use of actually using a model is clear from the trend of including local AI features in newer smartphones: AI models are very amenable to hardware acceleration, which makes them more energy efficient.

    Once the initial venture-capital funded mad rush is over, the surviving AI providers will have to make commercial decisions on how much to spend training models. Right now, those calculations are being ignored as everyone tries to spend their way into market-share, but once the rules of economics reassert themselves and companies try to earn a profit, I believe we'll see AI training become a thing that happens over longer periods of time, opportunistically using surplus energy at the lowest possible price.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 250 ✭✭scrabtom


    Cheers, appreciate you sharing that



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Regulations change in light of new evidence. Most would have been avoided had nuclear been on schedule.

    https://www.onr.org.uk/news/all-news/2024/01/hinkley-point-c-project-update/

    The reference reactor design was based on the Flamanville 3 reactor
    and, in 2012, there were a small number of significant design
    modifications proposed to adapt to UK regulations*, informed by
    international good practice.

    During the following decade, further changes were proposed and
    included due to the Fukushima incident, international expectations and
    the experience from the EPR projects in Taishan, Flamanville and
    Olkiluoto.

    In other words…

    In a letter to staff, seen by the BBC, Stuart Crooks, the managing
    director of Hinkley Point C, said there were 7,000 substantial design
    changes required by British regulations that needed to be made to the
    site, with 35% more steel and 25% more concrete needed than originally
    planned.

    Change at this point in construction are expensive and slow. If nuclear power was as safe as keeps being claimed then why were 7,000 substantial design changes ?? (Ditto re the % of unaffected Japanese reactors still offline.)



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,459 ✭✭✭SeanW


    We're still going to need a stupid amount of electricity. Remember, the emerging guidance is for as much electrification as possible. Trains, buses, private cars, home heating. You name it. And our population continues to grow due to inward migration - so all these people will need electric versions of all these things. So we should expect to require massively more clean electricity than today - and plan for that in good time.

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  • Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators Posts: 20,398 Mod ✭✭✭✭Sam Russell


    My gas supply is, and largely has been, about one half to one third the cost per KWh than electricity.

    So why would I change my gas condenser boiler (with 92% efficiency, if that is believable) for an electric based heating system?

    Now I know that a heat pump is noisy but can achieve efficiency of 300% under some conditions, but the need for significant insulation for reasonable performance would, to my mind, put a HP on the back burner.

    I would rather go for A rating and a quiet life. Solar panels make more sense anyway and heat recovery ventilation is also attractive, but hard to retrofit.

    Electricity leaves one in the dark if one is unfortunate to have a widespread power outage. I remember a power cut on Christmas day that left many turkeys uncooked for the dinner - not good. Makes one think of backup generators and batteries.



  • Posts: 6,631 ✭✭✭ [Deleted User]


    If you don't apply the thermal upgrades to your building then you are not going to be able to afford to heat it. If you apply the insulation and heat recovery ventilation then you can expect to reduce your heating requirements by at least half.

    As a personal example, having done the thermal upgrades we haven't had any heating on since the beginning of April. Houses of exactly the same design as ours without thermal upgrades were still intermittently running their heating this week.

    So in terms of priorities you should absolutely prioritize the thermal envelope before any modifications to your heating. Once that is done a HP makes perfect sense and will undoubtedly save money and reduce total energy demands.

    This effectively is the national strategy.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,511 ✭✭✭KrisW1001


    Private cars, buses and home heating are off-peak loads, so they are essentially free if you're talking about capacity.

    EVs in particular are capable of reacting to grid conditions, so that you'd plug your car in at night, and in exchange for a heavily discounted rate (say 4c per kWh) you'd get, say, 20 kWh of charge over the 10 hours, but the grid decides when the vehicle draws that power down. If your don't like that, or need more, fine: opt out and pay the standard night rate, but 99% of drivers would opt in.

    This is possible with current technologies. It needs software, but all the other parts are there already.

    The answer still isn't Nuclear because choosing Nuclear means we also need to build something else to meet demand during the interim period, and we cannot predict how long that period will be.

    Just to restate my position on this topic: Nuclear should be part of the EU's energy infrastructure, in countries that have already got a history of using it, but for Ireland, or any other nation without an existing nuclear fleet it makes no sense to start now, at a time when the technology is getting ever more expensive. For Ireland in particular, the very small size of our grid (just this island) just doesn't fit with the scale of modern nuclear generation.



  • Posts: 6,631 ✭✭✭ [Deleted User]


    SMR - just a bunch of private equity spoofers who will disappear with all the investors money ?

    https://asiatimes.com/2024/08/small-modular-reactors-not-all-that-glows-is-gold/



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Nuclear can't be reliable unless you plan ahead and take into account the moving goalpost of safety standards and financing for them. From the UK to Japan it's causing timescales and costs to balloon which further undermines any economic case for nuclear.

    In Japan it's going to take 8 years to complete the safety works necessary to get a 20 year extension on Tokai plant after gaining approval for the extension of its operations beyond the preliminary 40-year limit in November 2018 That's 8 years of paying for backup generation and interest payments.

    https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20240820_05/

    The company planned to complete the work by September of this year, but it now expects the work to be finished by December, 2026.

    If the work is delayed, it will be the third time that the operator has rescheduled the completion date since the nuclear regulator approved an assessment for the Tokai No. 2 plant in 2018.

    https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2021/03/a1683cef5f2a-breaking-news-japan-court-orders-suspension-of-tokai-nuclear-plant.html - This is check list stuff. The plant owners knew that regulations and enforcement have changed and still got caught out. Before this there was a 2014 Fukui District Court decision to halt operations of the Nos. 3 to 4 units of the Oi nuclear plant.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 14,843 ✭✭✭✭josip


    The BBC have an article today about the renewed interest in nuclear power.

    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czr764nr873o

    Unsurprisingly, they remain on the fence and everything in the article has already been covered here in greater depth.



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