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Nuclear - future for Ireland?

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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Both the UK and Germany process and pipeline tens of TWh of hydrogen a year , comparable to our electrical usage. It's made from fossil fuel because it's currently cheaper than using electricity. Last time I checked it was going to cost thirty million to setup a factory that could produce 1GW of hydrolysers a year.

    Hydogen will be used for ammonia production for both fertilizer and as a marine fuel, and to decarbonise iron production, it will probably be used for synthetic fuels for air travel and cement decarbonisation. Even if it's never used for electricity energy flows through the hydrogen economy will be bigger than nuclear.

    Long term personal scale hydrogen storage may be tricky but grid scale hydrogen storage can be done in salt domes, old gas fields could hold years worth of storage. If you don't mind the hit from another conversion step you can store it as hydrogen carriers like hydrocarbons or ammonia or generate it from iron dust.

    Town gas produced from coal contains a lot of hydrogen. The Dublin Gas company was created in 1820, two hundred years ago we had street gas lighting. Hydrogen gas isn't that hard to handle once you aren't using certain speciality steels that are susceptible to embrittlement.

    Call it 40% if you are using gas turbines instead of fuel cells. But big gas turbines are way cheaper. You can start them up before the batteries empty and keep them running as long as needed rather than for everyday use.

    To be blunt any supporter of nuclear must explain how they'd replace over 1GW within the time needed for grid stability if/when there's a nuclear outage. Modern safety systems are automatic, a reactor can and should SCRAM without human intervention and there won't always be a warning.

    Ardnacrusha goes through 350,000Kg of water per second (pdf) to produce 86 MW so yeah, please explain why we'd need to use so much electricity for desalination in a country where it rains one hour in three?

    Your figure suggests that hydrogen needs 180L of water per MWh, but a nuclear reactor requires between 1,514L and 2,725L litres of water per MWh. The deeper you dig the worse nuclear looks. Always.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    A look over there post at that hydrogen tree and ignore that forest of offshore wind that is even at our present strike price is more expensive than your big scary Hinkley, and is set to get even more so with the addition of the strike price for hydrogen generated from 18.5 GW of installed offshore wind capacity. Which is ~3X our current electricity peak demand. All in all you are looking at a strike price to the consumer of 50% higher than Hinkley.

    You have posted here that you see no problem for using natural gas to fill the gap in generation when wind generation drops to 6% or less for extended periods so why should it be different for nuclear ?

    The purer the water the more efficient the process would be. In fact using nuclear for hydrogen would be also more efficient than using intermittent renewables.

    You could use groundwater, but with 18.5 GW ear-marked for hydrogen then you would be looking at a considerable quantity of ground water. I cannot see environmentalists or indeed Uisce Eireann cheering own that idea. The water for Ardnacrusha flows through the dam, turns a turbine and flows back off downstream with no harm to the water. Cooling water for nuclear plants pretty much the same. Can you say the same for water used to generate hydrogen. ?

    Btw, we do not have salt mines for hydrogen storage, but we do have old empty gas fields and one rapidly going that way out at sea, which for me is the only sensible place to store vast quantities of hydrogen, but how are you going to get it from there to where it will be used for electricity generation. Its volatile, odourless and leaks like a sieve so your not going to move it around the country using the present gas pipelines, and nobody is going to want it piped through their land, village, town or city.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    You do not appear to know that all U.K. cfds are at 2012 prices.

    I do, but you added an inflation adjustment to these prices in your calculation. You were double counting.

    The 40% - 60% increase in the price for offshore wind has nothing to do with covid or interest rates. It has created an inflation bubble unique to itself.

    Seriously? You wanna bet? If interest rates are lower, then the strike price at the next auction will be lower. If I win, you donate 1k to the Green Party, and if you win I'll sent 1k to a Koch brothers disinformation organization of your choosing?

    I tried being civil and argue with good faith but it's now clear that you have no interest in an honest discussion since in your response, you've entirely avoided the fact that you inflated the cost from 100 per MWh to 200MWh by adding the cost of reserve to the cost of wind but did not do so for that for nuclear. You want to try your calculation again?

    While you're at it, feel free to also include the cost of the transmission infrastructure required to support >1GW plants on the Irish grid.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The big difference is with nuclear you need to use the fossil fuel during construction, and delays and planned and unplanned outages forever after. Unless you have a low emissions backup capable of working for extended periods as nuclear being out of action for months or years isn't unheard of. And if you have that then there's no argument for nuclear.

    It takes at least 16 years to add a reactor to an existing nuclear plant in Western Europe. ie. when every single duck is already in a row. I could see natural gas being used on a reducing basis during that time to support renewables, the plan from 2030 is to drop from 20% of current emissions by 1% a year as excess capacity and storage get rolled out. (

    I have frequently posted how nuclear is always late. So most of the emissions holiday would be gone forever. In short I don't consider nuclear capable of offsetting any carbon by 2050 when you include the fossil fuel that would be needed during delays and all the other input like construction and spinning reserve. If we can keep the lights on without fossil fuel until nuclear arrives then we never needed nuclear.

    Nuclear for hydrogen ? Lookup the UK Dragon Reactor for early high temp reactors and TRISO fuel. It's been reinvented several times. The Chinese are the latest with working hardware, and there's lots of US snakeoil. In theory it could split water thermally. Not sure how you separate super hot hydrogen from super hot oxygen.

    The economics of hydrogen using guaranteed strike price nuclear are very different from those from surplus wind. Especially after 15 years because that's when wind is market price and nuclear isn't operating yet.

    Ardnacrusha for one day 350000Kg/s * 3600s * 24 / 9000Kg per 50 MWh ⇒ 168,000,000MWh = 168TWh a day , then again water from the turbine exhaust would be very pure so you could reuse it and drastically reduce the amount you need. At the very worst using mechanical vapour recompression you'd save 99% of the energy used if you went for distillation of top-up water.

    Salt domes, not the salt mines in Carrickfergus though they could be used as CAES or pumped storage if they were no longer usable as a mine. There's some domes under Dublin Bay, and Island Magee and in Shannon Estuary.

    We'd move hydrogen like we've done for over 200 years and like they do with TWh's of the stuff abroad, in pipelines. The initial sites would be in Shannon so plenty of exiting pipelines and plant. Helium is leakier and the gas reservoirs under Yellowstone have held the stuff for perhaps a billion years.

    CIE used to move train loads of ammonia through Dublin city.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Unfortunately you do not do good faith honest discussion. You do condesending and belligerent and that is the third time in just a few days you have accused me of lying and posting false data, where like the other two occasions, this time again you are wrong .

    If you did understand the U.K cfd pricing structure you would know that. FFS I even showed you how it worked and how to convert it to euro at todays`s value. I didn`t add any inflation adjustment to those figures, nor was I double counting anything.

    The rise in the cfd price bids from offshore providers has little or nothing to do with annual consumer rates of inflation. If that is all it was due to, then offshore and nuclear would be increasing at the same percentage level which is catered for both offshore and nuclear in the cfd contracts for both. The increase in cfd prices for the U.K. is due to the hugh jump in the construction costs for offshore wind. And it`s not just for U.K. offshore, the same is true world wide. U.S. Empire Wind and Sunrise Wind strike prices were increased from $110.37 per MWh to $150.15 when they refused to honour the original $110.37 contracts due to increases in costs. But them I am probably lying about that as well as far as you are concerned!

    And no, I did not inflate the cost from €100 per MWh to €200 per MWh by adding the cost of generation for hydrogen for giggles. That is what the effective strike price to the consumer would be due to our proposed wind/hydrogen plan based on the current U.K. price , (which imo is highly unlikely we will get), which leaves it even without the strike prices of hydrogen being included, 25% greater than the present cfd price for Hinkley.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 4,170 ✭✭✭spaceHopper


    The children's hospital is an example of a big international company building project in Ireland, and it's a sh1t show. Set aside a waste of money, if it had to be knocked and rebuilt it could be. One disaster with nuclear and we'd be screwed. There are examples modern plants like Japan. It's only ever going to be a hard no for me.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,063 ✭✭✭Markcheese


    I'm not avidly a fan of nuclear - but it is perfectly possible to build a nuclear power station here ,

    Obviously you'd need the right team to oversea, design, and then get the thing built , commissioned and operational,

    You'd probably bring in an experienced team,so from overseas .. and use a proven design..

    A project that big would probably need overseas construction staff ,(our construction sector is already stretched ) as well as experienced engineers ..

    Picking a site ,Getting past the legal challenges,and the protests would be the challenging part - that and the 30 to 40 billion cost ..

    Slava ukraini 🇺🇦



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Plus an additional €20Bn if we get fined for not reducing emissions by 2030. That's essentially free money to invest in things that can be delivered by then. Or dead money if we don't.

    If we go nuclear we'd about 20 years of low carbon generation until nuclear is fully operational and to cater for minor delays from getting public support through to commercial operation. (All of the EPR plants have major outages in their first year of operation.)

    Our newest wind far was built in a little over two years and it's 101MW output will be on RESS 3 for 16 and a half years. Our newest wind farm will be out of contract before we could build nuclear.

    image.png

    Wave height at the mouth of the Shannon was higher than at Carnsore point. Another consideration for location. The 1607 floods in the UK would also give cause for concern about an estuary.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,063 ✭✭✭Markcheese


    I can't see too many nuclear contractors queuing up to build the first ever Irish reactor,

    I'd imagine it'd need to be like Poland , gov committing to spending the first 10 or 15 billion euros from the national purse to get the whole project up and running,and then planning on getting international finance involved for the remaining 20 to 25 billion euros / dollars what ever

    And remember, each time a government changes, there's a risk to the project, and risk means cost ..

    Slava ukraini 🇺🇦



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    The rise in the cfd price bids from offshore providers has little or nothing to do with annual consumer rates of inflation.

    What are you on about with "inflation"? I said interest rates, Charlie, interest rates.

    Every single financing calculation requires an interest rate. If I have spend $1B to get a project going, and interest rates (i.e. borrowing costs) are 20%, then I need to make $200m a year to cover the cost of finance. If interest rates are 2%, then I only need to earn $20m a year. Can you not see the connection?

    It doesn't matter if the project is a wind farm, an office building, a factory or anything else. The same viability arithmetic applies.

    This is very basic stuff.

    And no, I did not inflate the cost from €100 per MWh to €200 per MWh by adding the cost of generation for hydrogen for giggles

    I dunno why you did it. Wind is being deployed by the GW in Ireland and all over the world without hydrogen. We have no auctions for hydrogen, hydrogen has never been deployed at scale (and likely never will be), you cannot put a price on something that doesn't exist.

    You load wind with the cost of providing reserve and storage but apply no such loading for nuclear. You don't include any cost for transmission upgrades where nuclear would require running massive 400kV transmission lines spanning the countryside where wind only short 100kV branches.

    This completely invalidates your entire "comparison".

    And even in comparing the CfDs used for nuclear, you look at the nominal strike price, which is also invalid as the true financial cost of the nuclear CfD you are using is many multiples of that for wind where the contract expires in 14 or 15 years typically for wind but requires 35 years of guaranteed supports for nuclear.

    And even these nuclear prices are only achievable because of governments pick up the tab and assume the risk for nuclear as there isn't a single private investor that has been willing to fund or finance a nuclear plant anywhere in the world. So if things sour for a nuclear project, the tax-payer picks up the tab. Strange that… nuclear is so cheap and competitive but nobody except governments is willing to fund them. Maybe those energy sector investors know a bit more than you about the true cost and competitiveness of nuclear power.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,935 ✭✭✭Birdnuts


    Alot of hypocrisy there given the level of supports wind/solar gets from guaranteed prices, grid access etc. plus other government largesse's, yet still leaves a massive back up power deficit. As for investors, of course there going to cash in on wind developer led energy policies like ours. Same in Germany having burnt threw 500billion euros via the disastrous decision to go with wind instead of nuclear that has seen spiraling power prices and large parts of their industrial base relocating abroad.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,321 ✭✭✭Busman Paddy Lasty


    Happy New Year to you too B nuts.

    FYI it's the opposite of hypocrisy, posters here know backup power is needed for all sources but the nuclear posters conveniently ignore this cost is also present for nuclear.

    Post edited by Busman Paddy Lasty on


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    Birdnuts simply cannot handle the uncontroversial fact that nuclear electricity is expensive. All knowledgeable nuclear proponents accept this basic fact - even the industry lobbyist group the World Nuclear Association, ffs.

    But like the Russian shills on the Ukraine thread - instead of accepting the basic facts for which there is ample and endless evidence - instead let's distract and obfuscate by highlighting perceived "hypocrisy" followed by some whataboutery (take your pick from: Germany, Hydrogen, Eamon Ryan, Dunkleflaute, etc). They think they're still fighting some ideological divide from the 1970s (hippies vs nuclear instead of teenage marxists vs the west).



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,321 ✭✭✭Busman Paddy Lasty


    And if I had a euro for every time I said I'm either pro nuclear or not against it, I'd nearly have enough for a pint in Dublin.

    The thread is 90% renewable bashing but hopefully this new year will bring some maturity to the table. I appreciate a few posters who have replied to my post that had numbered points.

    There was still some pointless renewable bashing and shilling of the unsaleable Korean APR 1400 but all round good reading. Happy New Year everyone.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Yesterday you had not one iota on Contracts for Difference, even when it was explained to you at least twice, and now today you are an expert on interest rates. Your notion that the 60% increase in the cost for offshore is due to an increase in interest rates is straw clutching nonsense. Even if it had any credibility any drop in interest rates would also benifit nuclear, as in sauce for the goose and sauce for the gander.

    Along with CfD and interest rates you now make it clear that you have no iota either of what the proposed offshore 2050 plan here is for generation to be zero emissions by 2050 and are talking about some unspecified plan of your own. This 2050 plan, which will not even provide our projected needs for 2050 never mind it being carbon zero, is for 37 GW of offshore with a 50/50 generating split between electricity for the consumer and hydrogen production. How you do not know that at this stage is a real mystery.

    You would not need the same backup reserves for nuclear as you would for wind powered grid. If you were operating a 14 GW grid with nuclear and had one reactor down then you would need backup of 7%, 14% for two etc. For a wind operated grid when wind drops to 6% or less for extended periods your backup requirement straght away would be 94%. It just basic mathematics.

    Nuclear has been running on our grid for years now and it hasn`t fried it. If anything transmission problem are more wind related than nuclear in that you are using the grid to transmit an intermittent source from all corners of the country to where it is actually needed. Take a look at Germany, that one time great overlord of green ideologies Energiewende. Their wind generation is in the north of the country, their demand in the south. They need to build a transmition grid of 12,234 Km to get electricity from where it is generated to where it is need, which in June 2023 had only covered 1,740 Km and has run into serious trouble, and expense, from the public demanding that it goes underground rather than overland. In the meantime Germany is paying wind operators not to generate, and companies are leaving because they cannot get the electricity they need at a competative price.

    Where are you finding this "nominal" strike price or CfD ?

    There is nothing "nominal" about either or strike price for wind or the U.K.s CfD for wind or nuclear. With the exception that our strike price includes a guarantee that we will take all these offshore wind companies generate, both strike price and CfD are fixed price index linked for the length of the contracts, which when compared show that the strike price to the consumer here is higher (and set to go more so) per MWh than U.K. nuclear even when compared to Hinkley and without any add-on for hydrogen So where is this "nominal" price of yours coming from ?

    Any chance you would do at least a bit of research rather than you doing this continuous nonsense of accusing me of lying and falsifying data and having me wasting my time showing you how continuously wrong and ill-informed you are ?



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Hinkley-C will be getting massive subsides for half a century after it became clear it hadn't a chance of being delivered on time.

    The strike price for Hinkley-C was agreed in 2016 and was valid for a reactor startup date of 1 May 2025

    The UK government could have walked away or re-negotiated back in 2016 when it was likely to be delayed or in 2019 when there was a £2.9Bn surge in price and a 15 month delay announced by EDF, who have a history of drip feeding bad news.

    It's now looking like 2031 as a startup date. This means the 35 year subsidy strike price approved in 2016 will be in force until 2066 , 50 years after the 2016 announcement that "Investment in Hinkley Point C should be held until 2019 so problems with a similar reactor design in France are solved, the CFE-CGC Energy Union said."

    All DRAX does is provide the power that Hinkley-C doesn't. On that basis every subside for it is a subsidy for nuclear and the destruction of old growth forest is an indirect result of the UK throwing good money after bad.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The UK ,Germany and France have all dropped to 50% of nuclear output at times. Japan lost 100% for a while and over a decade later only a fraction have restarted. Add in the Korean parts scandal too. The US has gradually shed 30% of of it's reactors since peak numbers. Consider how many SMR projects got delayed/shelved when Russian fuel became unavailable. Consider the multi-year delays during construction and the 50% abandonment rate in the US over most of the last four decades.

    What is your plan for any of those events ?

    What is your plan for primary and secondary operating reserve ? That's replacing 75% of the largest generator within 5 seconds and 100% within 15 seconds.

    An over simplistic model for renewables is 50% capacity factor for offshore wind (over supply will increase the time it can cover demand to beyond 50%) + solar 50% of the time (cells are getting almost 40% a year so install multiples of what's needed) leading to 75% of time demand can be met from them alone, and providing a large surplus available for storage or export.

    Regarding your 6% during times of low wind and solar we will still have Hydro, CHP, demand reduction, biomass and biogas and interconnectors and storage etc. And until 2050 we could still use fossil fuel. And we could have tidal and geothermal.

    So getting 80% of power from renewables in the short term is doable. This means that nuclear would only be needed 20% of the time. This automatically increases the price of nuclear by 500% since it isn't dispatchable. It also means that any storage that's less than 5 times as expensive per KWh than nuclear is the cheaper option. Any argument of nuclear + storage fails here too.

    In reality because of the other generators listed above 100% of nuclear's output wouldn't be needed and it wouldn't be for 20% of the time. So storage that cost 5 times what nuclear does would still be cheaper. And that's before you consider how long it would take to deliver nuclear.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    Yesterday you had not one iota on Contracts for Difference, even when it was explained to you at least twice, and now today you are an expert on interest rates.

    Try a bit of googling charlie, I've been discussing CfDs here since at least 2019.

    Yes I'm absolutely an expert on interest rates compared to you. I mean, I don't confuse interest rate with inflation rate, like you've done 8 or so posts up.

    I also understand how interest rates affect the financial viability of any capital investment. Again, unlike you, who have been insisting that CfD strike prices have nothing to do with the cost of finance or interest rates.

    If you were operating a 14 GW grid with nuclear and had one reactor down then you would need backup of 7%

    So instead of using CCGT as backup for nuclear like nearly everyone else in the world, Ireland, a country with zero experience with nuclear, should attempt to build 3 times as many nuclear reactors than France and the USA together have managed over the last 35 years? This has to be a joke?

    And even then it doesn't work. France has 61GW of nuclear capacity - more than 4 times what you're suggesting - and in the summer of 2022 needed cover for over 40% of that capacity as half their fleet was out of action.

    And still nothing about the cost of building an almost entirely new transmission system to support such a network of plants?

    There is nothing "nominal" about either or strike price for wind or the U.K.s CfD for wind or nuclear. With the exception that our strike price includes a guarantee that we will take all these offshore wind companies generate, both strike price and CfD are fixed price index linked for the length of the contracts, which when compared show that the strike price to the consumer here is higher (and set to go more so) per MWh than U.K. nuclear even when compared to Hinkley and without any add-on for hydrogen So where is this "nominal" price of yours coming from ?

    Ah - I see. You don't know what the word "nominal" means in the context of financial contracts. I think this wikipedia page - Real and Nominal Value - explains it pretty well. TLDR; the nominal value is just the strike price unadjusted, the real value is the actual financial cost of supporting the CfD.

    The strike price is only one aspect of a CfD, another is duration. You cannot directly compare strike prices if the durations are different - a 35 year CfD with a nominal (see above) strike price of X is far more costly in real terms to provide than a 14.5 year one (required for offshore wind) at the same strike.

    Any chance you would do at least a bit of research rather than you doing this continuous nonsense of accusing me of lying and falsifying data and having me wasting my time showing you how continuously wrong and ill-informed you are ?

    Lol. Stay down, champ.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 21,179 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    I have always acknowledged it, in fact, I made a huge point of it when I calculated the cost difference between OSW and nuclear, where I pointed out the cost savings for nuclear were so great you could afford to gold plate your backup gas turbines and you would still be billions ahead.

    It remains the case that the backup required for nuclear is 4-5% of capacity whereas for solar it's 89%, OSW is 53% and onshore is 70%. The difference in CO2 consequences and COST of that backup are gargantuan by any measure, which is why nuclear has a vastly greater CO2 reduction effect than any renewables, it even thrashes hydro.

    A Norwegian paper estimated that had the Germans devoted half as much money as they have wasted on that Energeiwende boondoggle to building more reactors and not shutting down the ones they had, the CO2 reduction would have been 70% greater than it has been wasting money on renewables.

    And it is a waste - half the cost for a 70% better CO2 outcome.

    Renewables advocates have lost the plot - I mean really, really lost the plot, which used to be CO2 reduction to mitigate climate change, it's simply become renewables for renewables sake, with not a jot of 'give a sh​it' about CO2.

    If it were actually about CO2 reduction, we wouldn't have the head spinning insanity of the EU commission threatening financial sanctions against France for abandoning renewables in favour of more reactors - which are what? 140% more effective at CO2 reduction in cost terms?

    Someone should investigate the EU commission to find who's taking Gazprom bribes to influence the pro renewables bias - because renewables equate to burning a lot of gas, nuclear equates to burning hardly any, which is readily apparent when you look at how much gas France burns.

    Gas is the red line:

    France energy 12-5-24.jpg

    And that makes clear France doesn't rely on renewables for it's energy exports, which are the grey area. France has enough nuclear capacity when/if all their reactors are operating, to meet more than 100% of their energy demands, that grey area is exported nuclear from that unneeded capacity, primarily to keep Europe's street lights lit, from the look of it.

    If you really want to reduce CO2 - turn off the bloody lights at night. Perth Australia used to turn off all the lights at around 1am up until at least 1973, when I was able stand in the street in front of my house at 4am, only 120m from a major highway, and see the night sky alight with stars and comet Kohoutek was easily visible, from within a city. These days you would have to travel more than 100km from most cities and towns in the world to have even half the chance.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    It remains the case that the backup required for nuclear is 4-5% of capacity 

    Eh no - if your 1.5GW reactor has to shutdown then you need to be able to provide 1.5GW of reserve. Firing up a 50MW gas plant is not going to prevent blackouts.

    This has nothing to do with nuclear actually - it's a property of all thermal generation technologies like coal or gas where generation capacity is concentrated in one unit and the failure or shutdown mode provides 0% of capacity.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 21,179 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    You are wrong, as usual. The problem is that LCOE is a fallacious unit of measure. Apart from sheer laziness I can't imagine why it's still being used to compare energy source costs:

    When LCOE is used to cost solar, for instance, it completely ignores the elephant in the room, which is the consequence of the low capacity factor - LCOE doesn't account for capacity factor - in other words, it doesn't account for the massive costs required for backup.

    If you were to try and power Ireland with solar, how would that go cost wise? You would be getting 11% of your energy cheap and the other 89% would be burning gas. But solar is oh so cheap - right - because it doesn't account for the costs for the 89% of the time when it's a complete fail.

    If you cost Irish solar vs the Finish OL3 reactor - which was an experimental French design that ran into problems and was 6 times the original estimated cost - in terms of the actual energy produced and accounting for 11% capacity factor vs 95%, say in a year, the nuclear option is far cheaper - and that's even without accounting for grid stability costs, grid connections, backup batteries or gas turbines and the gas they burn.

    The kicker is that there are cheaper and better nuclear options than OL3, it's a worst case example and it's still cheaper.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 21,179 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Back to the LCOE problem. I think energy sources need a new costing metric, which given the net zero target, would be you take each energy source and compute the total actual cost of using it to provide 1 GW of constant capacity for a year.

    This is how any householder would do it if contemplating taking their house off grid entirely.

    This is what the net zero target in 2050 is actually about - powering the country without relying on any fossil fuels like gas.

    If energy sources were costed honestly on this basis, nuclear is the cheapest option by far.

    Renewbales and LCOE are the moron who buys a bomb which gets them to work and back 2 days in 20 and then tells you how cheap it is for getting to work because he's not including the cost of the taxis the other 18 days.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    You may have been discussing Contracts for Difference since 2019, but from your posts it`s clear you had absolutely no understanding of them until I had to painstakingly repeatedly explain them to you over the past week. But then you have also most likely been discussing the 37GW offshore wind plan for here for years as well and didn`t know until a few days ago that it entailed half the installed capacity going to the production of hydrogen. Whoever you are having these discussions with you need to find a different source as neither of you has obviously even the first clue.

    There is nothing "nominal" about Contracts for Difference. They are both the same for wind or nuclear. They are index linked fixed price contracts for the specified duration period of the contracts. Anyone with even the most basic understanding of finance would understand the advantages of a fixed price contract for 35 years over a 15 year one for wind when we have seen Contracts for Difference prices for wind skyrocket by 60% in just two years.

    I explained to you where the real problem is with transmission. I even gave you the example of Germany but you just refuse to acknowledge it. To quote @cnocbui we could power the country with OL3 reactors at their over budget costs, build a completely new grid, gold plate the lot and we would still be quids in compared to the cost of a 2050 37GW offshore plan that will not even come within providing 70% of our generation requirements for net zero for 2050.

    To use your own parlance. Get out of the ring champ, you are punch drunk and have no idea what you are supporting or opposed to.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,511 ✭✭✭KrisW1001


    OL3 was not “an experimental French design”. “Experimental” has a very specific meaning in the nuclear industry, and this isn’t it. The demonstration EPR, the completely functional product that would be shown to potential customers, was constructed at Flammanville Unit 3 in France. Construction on that site started in 2007 for a 1600 MW plant, with a cost estimate of €3.5 billion to be commissioned in 2012. Flammanville 3 connected to the grid two weeks ago, after €13 billion spent. Twelve years late, and over three times the estimated time. Ten billion euro over budget.

    Flammanville 3 was supposed to be operational before OL3 was complete; OL3 was the lead-customer installation of what the French constructor promised was a fully-developed product. The cost overruns on OL3 have been discussed many times in many forums, but the consensus seems to be that there were inadequate risk assessments up front, plus an unwillingness by the constructor to disclose the full cost overruns in a timely manner. As a result of this drip-feed approach, Finland finally refused flat-out to pay the excess costs, leaving the French government to pick up the can.

    So that’s EPR Job #1 and EPR Job #2. How’s #3 doing? Well, Hinckley Point C shows all the signs of being worse than OL3, despite being the third attempt at same product: maybe OL3 was actually a “happy path” project, or maybe they were actually loss-leading it to the Finns.

    Meanwhile, China has built two EPR reactors, going live in 2018 and 2019. Original construction schedule was 4 years (a total fantasy); actual completion of 9 years on both units is pretty good going, but against that, Taishan 1 spent over a year offline to fix an issue with fuel rods. The estimated cost for both reactors was $8 billion. Allegedly, the final bill came in at $7.5 billion… and I’ve got a full set of Mao Tse Tung’s teeth I can sell you.

    I’m really not against nuclear power, but this design is not delivering - and on current results, it would be ruinous for us to pursue it in Ireland, even if there was full public support for the idea. Perhaps they should scale back the plant size and swallow the efficiency hit in exchange for having something that can genuinely be delivered at the cost and time reliability of other generation types.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 95,271 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Do you have a date for that screen shot ?

    image.png

    French renewables vs exports from 11/11/24 to 1/1/25 ( nuclear gas and oil removed ) https://www.rte-france.com/eco2mix/la-production-delectricite-par-filiere#

    I'd imagine that commercial and industrial demand would be low from Week 52 to Week 1 which would allow more to be exported , other than that you can see more exports when it's windy.

    You can also see how solar displaces hydro which effectively allows more storage.

    image.png

    Here is nuclear vs exports during the same time. What the hell happened in week 48 ?? nearly 40% drop in nuclear output ??



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,063 ✭✭✭Markcheese


    Heysham 2 in the UK went offline over Christmas , according to the article it wasn't anything to do with the reactor or generator , it was a substation on the grid "tripped" , but these things happen, -in all generation systems,

    And its not unheard of for 2 or 3 of these things to happen simultaneously.. even on our smallish grid .. so the plan and the hardware has to be there to cover eventualities..

    Slava ukraini 🇺🇦



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,321 ✭✭✭Busman Paddy Lasty


    Was just about to write fair play to you, I stand corrected until I saw 5% of capacity needed as nuclear backup. Completely incorrect as another poster has pointed out already.

    Again you are focusing on the cost of OSW instead of discussing the steps involved with delivering nuclear for Ireland. Constant misdirection to renewable bashing is a waste of time. Especially when it has been pointed out many times that a national scale OSW wind strategy is modular. The early deliveries will generate electricity from the get go - unlike nuclear. If costs spiral or any other reason should occur the modular nature allows the build out to be paused or cancelled but with operating turbines in place. When nuclear projects are abandoned they just leave a massive concrete failure in place that had never generated a single kWh of electricity.

    We are well aware of the benefits of modular construction as nuclear SMRs and their potential benefits were discussed many times here. Every time a mega cost is pulled out the ether for OSW it just highlights that benefits modular design is being wilfully ignored to make a cheap shot at renewables, completely undermining the post.

    I agree the EU should probe an awful of business led EU decisions, such as the pivot to diesel cars across the EU. Fancy that all the German marques were neck deep in diesel. Germany's reliance on natural gas should also be investigated but it might not reveal a smoking gun.

    I agree with turning off streetlamps in theory but for bird welfare not just energy saving. Use of LED has most likely saved enough to justify not needing switch off time.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,321 ✭✭✭Busman Paddy Lasty


    Are you sure about net zero being comparible to a household going off grid? That sounds like some extreme zero or absolute zero.

    And below...

    "This is what the net zero target in 2050 is actually about - powering the country without relying on any fossil fuels like gas"

    "What is net zero?

     

    Net zero refers to a state in which the greenhouse gases going into the atmosphere are balanced by removal out of the atmosphere."



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 15,651 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    When demand is 14 GW and wind drops to 6% and you need to provide 13GW of reserve, firing up a 50MW gas plant is not going to prevent blackouts either, so what are you going to use to fill that hole.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,431 ✭✭✭gjim


    When LCOE is used to cost solar, for instance, it completely ignores the elephant in the room, which is the consequence of the low capacity factor - LCOE doesn't account for capacity factor

    Completely and 100% wrong @cnocbui - LCOE absolutely does account for capacity factor.

    The LCOE for solar PV near the equator is half that of northern Europe precisely because the capacity factor of solar PV near the equator is twice that of northern Europe.

    Just google "inputs for calculating solar PV LCOE" - latitude is one of the most important inputs for calculating LCOE for solar PV precisely because it determines the capacity factor.

    Sadly it looks like we're no nearer to having an adult conversation about nuclear when the most basic metric for costing electricity generation, LCOE, is misunderstood and at the same time denigrated.

    This metric is used by scientists, engineers and policy makers worldwide. You don't understand the basis of it, given the above assertion and yet you seem to think you're qualified to come up with a better measure.



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