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Nuclear - future for Ireland?

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  • Registered Users Posts: 14,938 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Oil platforms are large robust mothers compared to wind turbines, and when you see onshore turbines needing replacement after 25 years then I would not have much faith in offshore lasting as long. Most likely less.

    Nuclear plants operate consistently in the 90% range of their nameplate capacity, and we presently have renewables with 80% nameplate capacity of our needs. Hinkley`s 3.2GW is to supply 7% of their electricity generation needs requirements, and our population is not much more than 7% of theirs.



  • Moderators, Music Moderators Posts: 11,363 Mod ✭✭✭✭lordgoat


    I really do laugh when people think it's as simple as building a nuclear 'anything' (even a family).

    Where are the experts in this field in Ireland? We have no history in the field. No college investment in nuclear research. There's no national nuclear programme.It's literally never been considered. It's an incredibly skilled industry, it's not a matter of building it, it's building a skilled network to support it once it's done and keep it running. It's literally never going to happen in Ireland until that changes.

    Best option (imo) is - invest heavily on upgrading our national grid and more interconnections to UK/EU/Scandi. Sort out national planning to support green energy generation. Invest in wind/solar/ (after all that) and any surplus we can export.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The price for Hinkley-C is actually the minimum price. And it has to be paid it even if there are cheaper alternatives over the next four decades. That £104Bn is a guaranteed indexed linked price for the all of the electricity produced. At a 90% uptime, so it could be more if they have higher uptime.

    And it doesn't include subsidies like loan guarantees, waste disposal, decommissioning, insurance, spinning reserve or the use of fossil fuel during construction delays (now looking like Sept 2028 ish)


    You could run the country from solar panels covering an area the size of Lough Neagh ~ 400Km2 Adding panels to farm buildings would give 3GW. Board Na Mona have 505Km2

    You can pump hydrogen around like they do industrially in the UK , Europe and Germany. 20% by volume / 7% energy content in the existing grid without changing anything other than the conversion factor from m3 to KWh on the bill. After that it depends on the grades of materials used in pipes. Paces that had town gas already have pipes that can handle high %'s of hydrogen. And those places already went through changes so it's literally all been done before. At the worst pipes can be lined or replaced.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,938 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    Even at the absolute maximum nobody is saying Hinkley will cost more than 30 Bn. It will provide 7% of the U.K. requirements and our population is 7% of that of the U.K. The absolute minimum based on U.K. offshore costs required to provide the 30GW the E.S.B. is talking about is 82Bn. and that does not include the addition expense of hydrogen and the associated problems.

    For 82Bn. you could build a nuclear plant the size of Hinkley, gold plate it and it would still be half the price of the E.S.B proposal, have twice the life span, with the added bonus of no need to go faffing about with hydrogen.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Do you think the UAE had any more nuclear expertise than Ireland when it had the South Koreans build Barakah? Ireland doesn't need the expertise to build a NPP, because that's not how you do it. You contract the South Koreans to build it just as the UAE did. They just offered to build 6 reactors for Poland. Egypt doesn't have nuclear expertise and yet it's just contracted with those scumbag Orcs to build a 4 reactor NPP, with the South Koreans building the turbine energy generation part.

    So called green energy is vastly more expensive. Interconnectors are stupid. They cost billions and don't generate a single watt, you have to pay through the nose for that - if the pople at the other end have the power to spare, which given the winter power projections out of France and the UK, is an absolute certainty that they won't.

    Dunkelflaut last winter prevailed over all of western Europe, so no one had spare energy to share over interconnectors, except those with good hydro or spare nuclear capacity, such as France had. French nuclear energy exports have been propping up the european grid, not renewables. This idea that the wind is always blowing strongly somewhere in Europe is utterly false.



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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The £30Bn is the up front cost before you get a single Watt of power. It doesn't include the hidden subsidies or deferred cost or knock-on costs due to delays. In 2010 the UK went shopping for nuclear. From 2011-2017 they haggled over price until construction started. Plant has been repeatedly delayed Sept 2028 is the latest placeholder. There'll be another 6 months of commissioning after that before it enters full commercial operation.

    In Ireland you can safely assume that there will be planning appeals. So optimistically you will need to supply power for ~10-15 years. Wind farms will

    £104Bn is it's guaranteed minimum income for the first 35 years of operation. It's over £3Bn a year for a plant with two units that were originally supposed to cost €3Bn each. (Aug 2022 numbers because it's linked to Consumer Price Index)

    Our population is roughly 10% of the UK's and our average is 4GW. This would only provide up to 3.2GW of fairly static baseload. No load following. So you still need other generators to do all the flexibility. Our load varies by 1GW day/night and another 1GW winter/summer and we'd need spinning reserve too in case of a SCRAM or extended outage.

    We also have to have high inertia generators near the big cities for grid stability. Nuclear can't do this. We have a grid that can take 75% renewables. When there's enough wind wind we've been able to export almost as much electricity as the grid stability generators have produced. Soon we'll be able to take up to 95% renewables. Which leaves feck all guaranteed demand for baseload which is the only thing nuclear can do but we already have hydro, pumped storage, CHP and biomass etc. to provide that baseload.


    In short to accommodate nuclear we'd need a flexible grid and if you have one of those you can use the cheapest power source at the time instead of signing up to the most expensive*, inflexible one for 35 years. (* before the recent spike in gas prices nuclear was TWICE the average wholesale price of the more flexible generators)



  • Moderators, Music Moderators Posts: 11,363 Mod ✭✭✭✭lordgoat


    You're delusional to compare Ireland to UAE/Egypt, mirrored by your approach in here.

    Have a read of my post again. Good lad.

    If you're actually interested

    Egypt began nuclear expansion in the 1950s. Almost 70 years ago. They've had nuclear programmes ever since.

    Poland brought one in in 2020 (after over 3 decades decade of defining it). They also have a nuclear research reactor.

    UAE despite having all the money - still launched a nuclear research centre in their universities.

    All these countries have national experts already in place with decades of knowledge internally. They can contract out the building but also have the people needed to run the thing, you know perform maintenance checks, safety checks etc.

    The way you talk, you make it sound like it's building a snowman.

    And even if it was as simple as you make out, our grid would still need to be updated to accommodate a nuclear power station.

    Next.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The UK Department of Energy and Climate Change said it could be up to £36.9bn back in 2016.

    Based on how much the govt would have to pay Hinkley-C if wholesale rates were below the strike price. Since then offshore wind got cheaper. And there's been numerous construction cost increases.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Or £34 for construction and delaying Sizewell C to 2040 according to this - https://100percentrenewableuk.org/edf-demand-means-that-hinkley-c-may-not-be-fully-generating-until-at-least-2030 And EDF walked away from Sizewell C afterwards.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,938 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    The up front cost of 30 GW of offshore is 82Bn with an intended 50% of what it generates earmarked for hydrogen production. So at the very minimum for all the set up costs that would be required for hydrogen, you are looking at three times the up front cost of Hinkley.

    The population of the U.K. is presently 68,692,129. Ireland 5,023,109. Ireland has 7.31% of the U.K. population, not 10%, and Hinkley will supply the U.K. with 7% of their needs. If you are worried about our average of 4 GW being greater than the 3.2 GW from Hinkley, then do we not presently have renewables with nameplate capacity of 80% of our average ?

    That renewable capacity theoretically should be capable of an extra 3.2 GW, which alongside 3.2 GW of nuclear would provide over 50% more than our needs and no requirement to go faffing around with hydrogen and all the unknowns associated with it, plus a spend of 60 Bn less for twice the lifespan of offshore. Roughly 12,000 euro for every man woman and child in the country. Or put another way, 40,000 euro for the average Irish family.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 14,938 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    .Did you read the link you posted ?

    A DECC spokesperson said. "Today`s report from the Infrastructure and Projects Authority does not suggest that the lifetime costs of Hinkley have increased".

    The strike price for Hinkley is £92.50 MWh. The latest average strike price here for onshore wind is 97.87 Euro, and for community led projects it`s 116.41.

    That is the strike price here for onshore. A strike price that has risen by 30% in the past two years, so onshore wind has not got cheaper, and expecting offshore to get cheaper than the present onshore is wishful thinking..

    The capacity factor for nuclear is in the mid to high 90 percentile. Offshore for the U.K. last year the rolling capacity average was 43%. Nuclear has not just twice the dependability of wind it has twice the lifespan, and Shell as well as Equinor (the ESB`s offshore wind partner) have walked away from offshore here.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    You are so funny with your attempt at deflection, trying to insinuate the UAE had a nuclear program and lots of expertise before they had Barakah built.

    The Department of Nuclear Engineering was launched in September 2010 and offers Nuclear Engineering as an undergraduate minor, M.Sc. degree program, and a concentration within the Ph.D. program in Engineering. These programs have been developed to support the UAE’s nuclear power program, launched in December 2009 with the acquisition of four APR 1400 MW nuclear power reactors from the Republic of Korea. These reactors are planned to go operational between 2017 and 2020.

    So they did not have a deep base of nuclear expertise before contracting the build, they acquired that expertise after the program started.

    Try and stick to facts, there's a good lad.

    Unfortunately, reductions in renewable energy technology cost don’t always reduce the consumer price of electricity. To facilitate increased shares of renewable electricity, grid infrastructure investments are vital. As Ireland aims to have a 70% share of renewable electricity by 2030, such future investments will be essential.

    It is shown that, especially for wind offshore, the allocation of grid connection costs can form a significant barrier for the installation of new RES-E generation if the developer has to bear all such costs. If energy policy makers want to reduce the barriers for new large-scale RES-E deployment, then it is concluded that the grid connection costs should be covered by the respective grid operator. These costs may then be recouped by increasing consumer tariffs for the use of the grid.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960148107003631

    So saying a NPP might involve grid upgrades when these are needed for all alternatives as well, is being misleading, at best.

    Perhaps it might be better for Ireland to develop a 'can do' ethos, rather than double down on it's 'can't do, won't do' attitude you so beautifuly exemplify.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The upfront cost of 30GW of offshore wind is not €82Bn because it's spread out over the rollout to 2050 during which time offshore wind will become cheaper in real terms. More importantly unlike nuclear you'll be getting power production all the way through the rollout rather than having to hand over the money and wait and wait and wait.

    Compare GDP or electrical usage.

    Not sure what you mean by 80%. We have 6GW of dispatchables which is 1GW more than peak demand.

    You can't really mix nuclear and renewables. Nuclear needs constant demand, allowing renewables to undercut it 50% of the time would completely undermine it's economics. Nuclear also soaks up capital for extended periods. We are comparing ONE 3.2GW nuclear plant with a 10-15 year lead time with 30GW of renewables where additional power will come on stream every year.

    Hydrogen storage is way cheaper than using nuclear as a backup. Terawatt hours of storage at a cost of tens of millions vs tens of billions on nuclear.

    forTwo Hinkley-C's would cost £208 Bn , €237Bn wholesale electricity price.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    "So saying a NPP might involve grid upgrades when these are needed for all alternatives as well, is being misleading, at best."

    I keep asking variations of this question and keep getting silence - If a 1.6GW reactor goes off line how does our grid deliver 1.2GW of primary operating reserve within 5 seconds and how does it match to the full 1.6GW within another 10 seconds ?

    Then you can tell us how it can be without grid upgrades.

    To help you it's worth noting that our existing minimum operating reserve is less than a tenth of a reactors worth.

    There are other constraints which nuclear cannot meet like grid stability near the cities.

    https://www.sem-o.com/documents/general-publications/Wk41_2022_Weekly_Operational_Constraints_Update.pdf



  • Moderators, Music Moderators Posts: 11,363 Mod ✭✭✭✭lordgoat



    So in comparison to say Ireland the one example you choose to interact with had a mere decade of research in it - cool. Over 10 years of UAE funding I'd say is fairly deep in comparison to here. Also well done on using google, it must have been a first for you based on the gibberish you put up in here.

    For the record your posts genuinely ruin this thread, you can't make any credible arguments and just shout down at others, then selectively reply to part of their posts. Like nuclear power in Ireland you're basically a waste of time discussing with the current infrastructure.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,938 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    The current upfront cost of 30GW of offshore wind is €82Bn, and that is without any consideration for the cost of the whole hydrogen requirements.

    The current upfront price of Hinkley is £30Bn.with no need for any consideration for the cost of hydrogen and will have twice the lifespan and twice the rolling capacity for 1/3 of the cost. Inflation may increase those costs, but it will be the same for both.

    Yet again there is no indication that wind will become cheaper. Especially for offshore where both Shell and the ESB`s own offshore partner Equinor both having no interest, and the May strike price for onshore was 30% more expensive than two years ago and is now the same as the U.K. strike price for Hinkley.

    In no universe does the price of 30GW of offshore wind at a cost of €82Bn, plus the additional Billions required for hydrogen, economically stack up against a nuclear plant which has both twice the generating lifespan and rolling capacity of offshore wind turbines.


    Yesterday your problem was that nuclear would not be sufficient to fulfill our need, now it`s there would not be enough demand. If we have more than we need than we can export it. Is that not what greens are claiming should we have excess from renewables we would do, so why should it be ant different with nuclear ?

    For the "nuclear not being sufficient to fulfill our needs" I explained that Hinkley will provide 7% of the U.K.`s needs, that our population is 7.31% of the U.K.`s and that we have 4,300 MW of wind nameplate installed capacity, 30 MW of solar plus hydro, which at least in theory for nameplate capacity of renewables, would be a guarantee of being sufficient for our needs. There would also be the added benefit of neither the expense or all the unknowns of hydrogen.

    I don`t see how renewables and nuclear can not mix. The U.K., Sweden,Spain, France, Belgium, Czech Republic etc are already doing it, As is Turkey, after recently joining the nuclear club, and the UAE and Egypt who are building nuclear power plants are going to do as well..

    Now I`m off on holidays for a few weeks, so I`ll leave you at it.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Give me an example of a grid needing to backup a 1.8 GW nuclear reactor within 10 seconds.

    Given the £54 Billion savings gap between 15 Gw of nuclear vs 30 GW of OSW, you could chose any means of backup you like, and plate it in 24k gold for giggles.

    Post edited by cnocbui on


  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    For the record, this thread was formed as a result of my posts advocating nuclear energy not being welcomed in the main grid infrastructure thread.

    I don't get your mania about 'current infrastructure' and why you consider upgrading or changing infrastructure to be something uniquely negative about nuclear power, when the current plans for Ireland achieving net zero involve massive infrastructure upheavels and upgrades.

    The ESB plan for 30 GW of Offshore wind is going to require vastly more grid related expansion and upgrades than a NPP would, the comparison wouldn't even be close, not to mention the H2 aspect of their mad plan.

    Did you know that the current plans call for Ireland to transition to an all EV fleet of vehicles and for home heating to be shifted to heat pumps? Both of these alone will require significant grid upgrades and can't be accommodated without changes to current infrastructure and the introduction of significantly more generation capacity.



  • Registered Users Posts: 13,722 ✭✭✭✭josip


    Is there any political support for nuclear power in Ireland? The only person I can find who has publicly supported it recently is/was Senator Sharon Keogan.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,076 ✭✭✭JohnnyChimpo


    this thread should be preserved to teach children the perils of online argumentation - motivated reasoning, cherry-picking, tertium non datur ("the fallacy of the excluded middle"), petty ad hominem passive aggression, assumption of bad faith. We've got it all right here, folks.


    Not totally clear what it is about the nuclear vs renewables debate that makes people lose their minds so badly. I guess the fact that it's an existential crisis, and that the well of public discourse has been thoroughly poisoned by decades of petro industry propaganda that promoted environmentalist infighting while obscuring the economics of energy generation from the general public. Ah well.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 3,102 ✭✭✭hans aus dtschl


    That seems like a lot of effort. I'd have just gone with "dumpster fire".



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Not political, but... people who know an awful lot more than stupid politicians have shown support:


    And...

    And another...

    But in true Irish fashion, let's ignore those idiots and hang on the every word of someone with a distinguished career in organising bike tours. The Island of scholars bike tours.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Perhaps the issue is that it's consumers of electricity who pay every last cent of invesment, maintainance and running costs, and that some options are vastly cheaper than others, while the state of course sets a course to choose the most expensive option possible.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Our grid as has been pointed out numerous times. See pages 17 and 18 here https://www.sem-o.com/documents/general-publications/Wk41_2022_Weekly_Operational_Constraints_Update.pdf

    75% of power restored within 5 seconds. (then it's another 10 seconds to restore the remaining 25%) Batteries on our grid have responded to changes in 180 milliseconds. Going nuclear would totally overload those systems in the event of an unplanned outage.

    Could be a SCRAM , could be a transformer fire. Doesn't matter. The grid has to able to recover in 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1


    What £54bn saving ? The 3.2GW Hinkle-C has a guaranteed wholesale income of £104Bn (index linked) provided they can build it by 2030 and achieve 90% uptime. ( At a 93.75% up time for 3GW average the guaranteed income would be £108Bn )

    The UK has been looking for 6-8 plants of this scale since 2010 and they have committed to paying £3Bn per GW when your figures suggest it should be only £3Bn/GW for all the years ?

    It's like car finance. I think you are confusing the deposit with the total cost of the financing, and the balloon payments at the end.

    Post edited by Capt'n Midnight on


  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    The saving you get from not copying the stupid brits. Hinkley's projected cost would make it the most expensive NPP ever, which no doubt is why it's the only NPP you ever try and use as a cost basis. If I found out my neighbour had been an idiot and had contracted to have the most expensive solar panel install ever, I sure wouldn't be aiming to emulate his stupidity when looking to get panels for myself.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    It's not a projected cost. It's the actual signed off cost at the start of the project. Most nuclear plants don't have such public costs.

    Strike price per MWh is £92.50 (2012) linked to consumer price index so it's now £118.59/MWh.

    A 3.2GW plant will produce 3,200 MWh per hour. The inescapable result# is it will cost £3.3Bn per year which is more than the originally advertised price of an EPR of €3Bn. And that's the wholesale price BTW. The consumer will pay more.



    # 3200*118.59*365.25*24 = 3,32,6591,808



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,942 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    But even in 2021, Ireland's average wholesale electricity price was €143.27 mWh, whereas you are suggesting, for some reason, that you think paying €135.11 for Hinkley power - 6% less - would be some sort of tragedy.

    But it's not 2021 and in July 2022, the average wholesale price in Ireland was €267.19 mWh, making the Hinkley price 50% cheaper. Oh the tragedy - where can I get some of that fail?



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 90,966 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    So the reason for not going renewables is because gas got expensive ?


    The UK will be setting a Cap on nuclear/renewables. Reports by the Financial Times suggest prices of about £50 to £60 per megawatt hour Which is back where prices were before gas got expensive (see table) New nuclear can't compete with that.


    Nuclear plants might last 60 years if no one cuts corners like they did in France or in lots of other plants that closed early. But as renewables get cheaper there will be more pressure to cut costs in nuclear. We've already seen fracking force closures in the USA because it couldn't compete with the new kid on the block.


    Solar efficiency increases over time. Best proven technology is 2.5 times as efficient as what's used commercially today and way way better than what was available when most of today's nuclear plants were being built. Over the same time scale cost have fallen enormously.

    Over the same time nuclear has gotten 15% more fuel efficient or at least that was the promise.



  • Registered Users Posts: 4,604 ✭✭✭Shoog


    We have virtually zero offshore capacity which is a very different beast.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 8,785 ✭✭✭SeanW


    Solar power is worse than useless in Ireland - our peak energy needs are during winter nights. That's directly inversely correlated with solar panel output. It doesn't matter how cheap you make the solar panels, they will never produce peak output during the coldest nights of winter. Windmills also require natural gas backup specifically because they are so unreliable, hence making us reliant on windmills by the backdoor makes us more reliant on dictators like Vladimir Putin. And insanely destructive to the natural world. Lethal to large birds species like eagles, and existential threat to bat populations exceeding that of White Nose Syndrome, which is itself and extinction-level threat to many bat species. That's in addition to needing to spoil otherwise pristine environments like mountain and hilltops in addition to the coast line, not just with the turbines themselves but with the additional electricity wires that are needed to reach them. That and they're just butt ugly.

    I for one do not consent to this lunacy and think we need alternatives.

    We know that it is possible to almost totally decarbonise our electricity supply because the French did it - by accident! - starting in the 1970s. Now call me crazy but if someone supposedly cares about "climate killing carbon emissions" and genuinely wanted to reduce them dramatically, then surely one would at least display some intellectual curiousity about how this was achieved let alone actually wondering how such a success might be replicated. And we know the cost was reasonable because nuclear reactor construction projects came in on time and to reasonable budgets as late as 1995 with Sizewell B in the UK.

    As to the oft-quoted problem of the need to replace a reactors' output within 5 seconds of a SCRAM or something, it should be noted that the island of Ireland is not only a large power market with 7 million people plus associated industrial energy needs, but we also have interconnectors with the British mainland and another planned with France. We could easily share spinning reserve, in addition to other storage tools like our hydropower dams, and whatever energy storage should prove to be useful.

    Also, it must be noted that a decision could be made to use some nuclear energy output on tasks that are not urgent. For example, nuclear energy can be used to make clean hydrogen, and it can also be used to power desalination for drinking water with such output being sent to for storage in reservoirs. Thusly, in Capt'ns "replace the output within 5 seconds of a SCRAM" scenario there would be a menu of options:

    • Stop exports or increase imports to/from Northern Ireland, Britain and/or France.
    • Open the gates of dams and activate any energy storage facilities (batteries, pumped hydro etc).
    • Stop any hydrogen production facilities, and stop any non-critical water desalination.


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