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I bet you didnt know that

Cartouche

As people here work in various jobs / professions they might know things from work or study no one here knows yet. this is what this topic is about.

what do you know that we have never heard of?

Eg: you don't need to be great at maths to be an architect

this is obvious to me but everyone says to me "i wanted to be an architect but i was bad at math,i can barely add"

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tayto lover

Ineedaname wrote: »

It has a mass about 1.4 times that of the sun but is only about 20km in diameter. It could fit inside Manhattan

They have enough trouble in Manhattan.

Floki

The stone dolerite is a mafic intrusive rock. That is a rock formed by lava bursting towards the earth's surface but not quite making it to the surface before cooling. In the U.S it is called diabase.

When people in the Neolithic Stone Age started to mine copper and tin in what would later become the Bronze Age. They used dolerite to make the heads of hammers as it is an extremely hard rock.
(Used today for chippings in road construction).
When cutting rocks, copper saws were used and crushed granite dust (a felsic intrusive igneous rock formed again by lava) or dolerite dust was used as grit or like the teeth in the saw.

The climate changed in the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age in Europe and became wetter and colder. It was during this time that people began constructing stone circles. Dolerite or granite was used for the standing stones but dolerite seems to have been preferred over granite if it was available. Stone circles always had an entrance and facing the entrance as the person walked in would usually be a quartz stone.
Quartz is composed of silicon and oxygen. Silicon is used nowadays for chips in computers.
Some people say the granite and dolerite gives off energy and this may not be so far fetched as they can contain small amounts of uranium. The theory behind the quartz stone was that it amplified this energy towards whoever walked into the entrance.

sbsquarepants

Ipso wrote: »

Isn't a neuron star a star that collapses in on itself, so it has the density of a normal star but a smaller mass so it musty mess around with gravity thereby making the interstellar traveler feel heavier.

You have that the wrong way round.

It has similar mass, but squeezed into a much, much, smaller volume. From a radius of maybe a million KM down to a couple of dozen or so. It's basically a star, but with all the empty space in the individual atoms removed, which goes to show just how much "nothing" there is in "something" Therefore the density is off the scale. A sugar cube sized piece of neutron star would weigh roughly the same as this whole planet.

valoren

Mass and weight aren't the same as we know. Weight can vary depending on the gravitational field we find ourselves in. Mass is basically the measure of any matter's inertia i.e. how much force it will take to accelerate the mass and it remains the same despite what field it finds itself in.

A rudimentary understanding but in an atom the nucleus with the protons repel each other as we know. They can't 'fuse' together due to the repulsion. The neutrons have a 'neutral' charge and are bound in the atomic nucleus and become important later in the process. The electron has a negative charge.

In this model, the space between the nucleus and electrons is empty, it is pure vacuum. The atom can not get any smaller since the positively charged nuclei repels the bound electrons. The nucleus is 20,000 times smaller than the atom itself and the electrons in a variety of energy levels surrounding the nucleus.

In neutron star formation: picture a neutron to be the byproduct of an electron 'falling' into a proton and somehow combining with it due to some complex physics. That is why neutron has no charge (positive proton charge just cancels the equal but negative charge of the electron). Neutrons don't repel each other as they have zero electric charge. Thus the formation of a neutron star is when gravity forces all the electrons of the various atoms in the star into the protons making them all into neutrons hence the name.

All the electrons are now gone. The initial protons are converted to neutral neutrons and no longer repel each other. Newly formed neutrons plus the original atomic neutrons come together making essentially one big atomic nucleus made up of nothing but trillions of trillions of trillions of neutrons packed as closely as physically possible. All the empty space in the original atoms has gone in the matter. The result is a 20,000 times reduction of the size initially taken up by all of the atoms but retaining much of the same mass of the original matter. The density of the neutron star is now ten trillion times higher than ordinary matter, very a high mass density.

For example, ordinary iron (FE - atomic number 26) has a density of about 8000 kgs per cubic meter. The neutron star has a density of 2.4 × 10 to the power of 17 kg per metre cubed. That is a factor of 25 trillion times difference.

Well Shiiiiiiiiiit.....

EndaHonesty

Ineedaname wrote: »

It has a mass about 1.4 times that of the sun but is only about 20km in diameter. It could fit inside Manhattan

That's a strange context seeing as Manhattan island is about 22kms long and less than 4kms wide...

Evade

valoren wrote: »

about 2 to the power of 17 kilograms per cubic meter.

I think you're missing a x10 here.

Ineedaname

EndaHonesty wrote: »

That's a strange context seeing as Manhattan island is about 22kms long and less than 4kms wide...

Yeah and? The point is it’s roughly the same length

EndaHonesty

Ineedaname wrote: »

Yeah and? The point is it’s roughly the same length

A 20km diameter sphere will not fit "inside" a 22km x 4km 2 dimensional area...

Ineedaname

EndaHonesty wrote: »

A 20km diameter sphere will not fit "inside" a 22km x 4km 2 dimensional area...

You're overthinking it....

EndaHonesty

Ineedaname wrote: »

You're overthinking it....

You underthought it...

server down

EndaHonesty wrote: »

A 20km diameter sphere will not fit "inside" a 22km x 4km 2 dimensional area...

you just need to stretch it out.

razorblunt

Michael Keaton is a stage name, his original name is Michael Douglas.

Ipso

razorblunt wrote: »

Michael Keaton is a stage name, his original name is Michael Douglas.

And Michael Douglas is son of Issur Danielovitch.

[Deleted User]

Less than 1% of Japanese people describe themselves as Christian, but a small village of less than 3,000 people in northern Japan is the site of an enduring 2,000 year old legend featuring Jesus himself.

The story goes that Jesus came to Japan to study theology at 21 after a journey that took in Siberia and Alaska and this does coincide with a gap of more than ten years in the Biblical narrative of his life. After completing his studies he returned home, and the Biblical story takes up again until his sentence to crucifixion, a fate he escaped from when his brother successfully impersonated him after agreeing to die in his stead.

Jesus then returned to Japan and settled in the village of Shingo, marrying a local girl with whom he produced four children. They lived the simple lives of garlic farmers for the rest of his long life, until his death at the age of 104. His descendants apparently still live in Shingo today and in a strange plot twist are not Christian, but Shinto.

?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftse3.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DOIP.mgcKeUCcpnagSHDAvZ7h2wEgDY%26pid%3D15.1&f=1

?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftse3.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DOIP.mgcKeUCcpnagSHDAvZ7h2wEgDY%26pid%3D15.1&f=1

The alleged site of the grave of Jesus in Shingo, Japan.

The local traditional dress in this region of Japan is reminiscent of that of the Middle East in contrast to the more usual local attire, long robes for men and headcoverings for women. The local dialect apparently shares great similarities with ancient Hebrew and Aramaic, and translations of ancient papers are purported to be the last Will of Jesus. All these pointers are used as 'evidence' of the veracity of the legend. Shingo is also apparently the last resting place of the impersonating brothers ear.

Interestingly, Jesus's brothers are named in the Bible as James, Simon, Judas and Joseph, but while his sisters are mentioned there is no mention of their names or how many they numbered.

Ipso

Here's another alleged tomb.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roza_Bal

Capt'n Midnight

speaking of density and atoms and stuff

The atoms in a gas are only about ten times further apart than in a solid or liquid.

Professor Moriarty

Jaysus it's like stumbling into a nerd convention. If I wanted to learn about atoms, I'd have stayed awake during Physics classes.

Ipso

Up and atom.

[Deleted User]

Ipso wrote: »

Up and atom.

You can't trust an atom. They make up everything.

razorblunt

Candie wrote: »

Less than 1% of Japanese people describe themselves as Christian, but a small village of less than 3,000 people in northern Japan is the site of an enduring 2,000 year old legend featuring Jesus himself.

The story goes that Jesus came to Japan to study theology at 21 after a journey that took in Siberia and Alaska and this does coincide with a gap of more than ten years in the Biblical narrative of his life. After completing his studies he returned home, and the Biblical story takes up again until his sentence to crucifixion, a fate he escaped from when his brother successfully impersonated him after agreeing to die in his stead.

Jesus then returned to Japan and settled in the village of Shingo, marrying a local girl with whom he produced four children. They lived the simple lives of garlic farmers for the rest of his long life, until his death at the age of 104. His descendants apparently still live in Shingo today and in a strange plot twist are not Christian, but Shinto.

The alleged site of the grave of Jesus in Shingo, Japan.

The local traditional dress in this region of Japan is reminiscent of that of the Middle East in contrast to the more usual local attire, long robes for men and headcoverings for women. The local dialect apparently shares great similarities with ancient Hebrew and Aramaic, and translations of ancient papers are purported to be the last Will of Jesus. All these pointers are used as 'evidence' of the veracity of the legend. Shingo is also apparently the last resting place of the impersonating brothers ear.

Interestingly, Jesus's brothers are named in the Bible as James, Simon, Judas and Joseph, but while his sisters are mentioned there is no mention of their names or how many they numbered.

Jesus-san ...

Jesus Sandals.

It's been hiding in plain sight. We're through the looking glass people!

Professor Moriarty

Speaking of tombs, the Great Pyramid of Giza contains over 2,000,000 blocks each weighing between two and fifty tons.

bonzodog2

Professor Moriarty wrote: »

Speaking of tombs, the Great Pyramid of Giza contains over 2,000,000 blocks each weighing between two and fifty tons.

A huge previously unknown chamber has recently been detected in the pyramid
https://uk.news.yahoo.com/great-pyramid-egypt-huge-plane-120600320.html

brainfreeze

Candie wrote: »

Less than 1% of Japanese people describe themselves as Christian, but a small village of less than 3,000 people in northern Japan is the site of an enduring 2,000 year old legend featuring Jesus himself.

It's an endearing story but its not a 2000 year old legend. It's an 84 year old legend.

This story was only invented in 1933, by a nutjob. He claimed he found ancient Hebrew texts that tell the story you layed out, and marks the grave sites of Jesus and his family. He also then claimed the Japanese government stole these texts in an international conspiracy, so that's why you can't look at them as proof.

It's a minor modern tourist attraction. Not an old legend unfortunately

Professor Moriarty

bonzodog2 wrote: »

A huge previously unknown chamber has recently been detected in the pyramid
https://uk.news.yahoo.com/great-pyramid-egypt-huge-plane-120600320.html

That's right! My fact came from an interview with an archaeologist on radio this morning about the cavities (apparently there's more than one). They are probably just there to make the pyramid lighter so it's unlikely that there will anything of significance found when they go into them, unfortunately. The passageways are only 20cm x 20cm so they hope to access them by robot.

Quazzie

Professor Moriarty wrote: »

That's right! My fact came from an interview with an archaeologist on radio this morning about the cavities (apparently there's more than one). They are probably just there to make the pyramid lighter so it's unlikely that there will anything of significance found when they go into them, unfortunately. The passageways are only 20cm x 20cm so they hope to access them by robot.

I remember a few years back (10-15) there was a TV show that was live from Egypt where they sent a camera down one of these passageways, and there was great enjoyment and build up as literally no one knew what was at the other end. After about 15minutes of travel in the robot which was approx 200M, it came to a dead end. Such a let down, and the presenters didn't know how to put a spin on it that the whole show was a waste of time.

Anyone else remember that?

AndyBoBandy

Quazzie wrote: »

I remember a few years back (10-15) there was a TV show that was live from Egypt where they sent a camera down one of these passageways, and there was great enjoyment and build up as literally no one knew what was at the other end. After about 15minutes of travel in the robot which was approx 200M, it came to a dead end. Such a let down, and the presenters didn't know how to put a spin on it that the whole show was a waste of time.

Anyone else remember that?

No, but I remember the Geraldo Rivera 2 hour live special on the opening of 'Al Capone's secret vault' where they found absolutely nothing.

New Home

I remember something similar being done in Jerusalem, but they had to be super-careful as to how far they were going with the digging and the cameras because they were only given a permit with very strict rules. In that case they found a small space/chamber that lead onto another gap but they weren't allowed to go any further.

server down

Riddle101 wrote: »

Pirates doubled as mixologists. They created a drink that prevented certain diseases. Pirates borrowed the recipe for grog and made it legendary by adding lemon juice (it helped prevent scurvy) and sugar (it tasted good). Their's was a drink that packed a punch.

Talking of scurvy and pirates. Did you ever wonder why if the Royal Navy and the Pirates knew what cured scurvy earlier than the 17th C why did Scott and Shackleton suffered from it the early 20C?

The royal navy took scurvy seriously and knew the cure. In 1799 the scheduled allowance for the sailors in the Navy was fixed at I oz.lemon juice with I + oz. sugar, served daily after 2 weeks at sea,

Its an interesting story, and it didnt just happen because they forgot. It happened because how a cure becomes undiscovered or ignored because it seems unscientific. How advances in some science can create a new, not fully correct, dogma.

Scurvy was cured by lemon in the 17C, however by the mid to late 19C the British started using lime instead, so as to procure it from their colonies rather than Spain. Vitamin C wasnt understood at the time and it was assumed that any antiscorbutic properties were related to acidity.

Lime is acidic for sure, but it has less than 25% the vitamin C ratio of lemon and it was stored in copper cans which leeched the vitimin C, rendering it useless. However this didnt have much of an immediate effect as by the mid 19C as sailors were out at sea for much shorter periods, as steam shops became common. By the 1870s, therefore, most British ships were sailing without protection against scurvy. Only speed and improved nutrition on land were preventing sailors from getting sick.

Scurvy returned with a vengeance when George Nares led the British Arctic Expedition in an attempt to reach the North Pole via Greenland in 1875. Within weeks the crew was striken. Twenty years later the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition was stranded for 3 years, frozen into the pack ice. The crew were served lime every day and yet most got scurvy, except for the people who ate polar bear ( which was unpalatable to most who ate older preserved or salted meat). This scenario repeated in other expeditions.

In the absences of a theory of vitimin C then, it looked to the doctors and the scientists of this time that scurvy was caused by the meat going off. After all if fresh meat helps, and lime doesn't, it doesnt look citrus or fruit in general is antiscorbutic but that freshness is. And around this time most diseases were found to be caused by bacteria. In fact curing a disease with greens sounded like an old wives tale.

The doctor on the expedition (Koettlitz) said

That the cause of the outbreak of scurvy in so many Polar expeditions has always been that something was radically wrong with the preserved meats, whether tinned or salted, is practically certain; that foods are scurvy-producing by being, if only slightly, tainted is practically certain; that the benefit of the so-called "antiscorbutics" is a delusion, and that some antiscorbutic property has been removed from foods in the process of preservation is also a delusion. An animal food is either scorbutic—in other words, scurvy-producing—or it is not. It is either tainted or it is sound. Putrefactive change, if only slight and tasteless, has taken place or it has not. Bacteria have been able to produce ptomaines in it or they have not; and if they have not, then the food is healthy and not scurvy-producing.

ptomaines is basically bad meat that is assumed to cause food posoining. Given the sceintific advances of the day that found most diseases to be caused by bacteria this seemed to be most rational solution. And it was the solution that informed the doctors and physicians who consulted with Scott and Shackleton. (With regards to the past, the extent that citrus juices were effective in preventing scurvy, it was assumed their acidity denatured ptomaines, or killed the bacteria that caused them but that this wasnt reliable.).

So on to the Scott expedition. His main advisor was the aforementioned Koettlitz, and so Scott was impressed with the idea that his meat should be freshly canned. They canned the fresh meat under medical supervision, and opened it under medical supervision. In fact all tins were opened in the presence of his medical staff, including Dr. Koettlitz, and carefully examined for signs of spoilage. Any doubtful cans were consigned to the trash heap.

They were surprised then, when 3 weeks in, the first signs of scurvy started to appear....

Wibbs

Professor Moriarty wrote: »

That's right! My fact came from an interview with an archaeologist on radio this morning about the cavities (apparently there's more than one). They are probably just there to make the pyramid lighter so it's unlikely that there will anything of significance found when they go into them, unfortunately. The passageways are only 20cm x 20cm so they hope to access them by robot.

From what I've read they've no clear idea how big the cavities are. There is also a theory that the main kings chamber isn't the original final resting place and that it remains to be found and that ether credited it would be close to where these cavities have been found. The great pyramid is an oddball in Egyptian burial sites as it is. For a start the walls are completely bare of hieroglyphs.

NIMAN

Did they not say that this new space might have been a sign of how they built them?

That is to say, they worked the blocks up ramps and whatever way they were laid in place, they ended up leaving an internal space?