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Genetically Enhanced Humans

  • 18-12-2010 9:24pm
    #1
    Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭


    Yes folks, it's on the way; technology to make your descendants smarter and fitter. The type of genetic engineering currently practised in the western world (gene therapy) involves the making of changes to cells which are not involved in reproduction. So they may cure a disease, but the cure is not inherited by the next generation. The reason for this is ethics. The law does not allow scientists to play God.
    But what if the law was written by atheists, as in China?
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2003/sep/23/20030923-093050-1220r/

    It brings to mind this parable about a guy who met Jesus on a train, but still remained an atheist afterwards.
    http://www.fullmoon.nu/articles/art.php?id=tal

    The point is, would this technology be morally objectionable, or is it a moral prerogative for us, as a species, to better ourselves by pursuing it?

    Suppose the Chinese are seen to have become smarter, disease free and are winning in the Olympic games. I think the theistic societies (especially the USA who like to be the top dog) would drop their ethical objections. If they did that, and the population got smarter, would that be the end of religion?

    There are some big questions to be faced by society soon, and I suspect the religious philosophers are not going to be much help in all this.


«1

Comments

  • Closed Accounts Posts: 7,872 ✭✭✭strobe


    I invisage a world where the rich avail of this and the poor do not. Leading to a division in society that would make KKK style sectarianism and racism look like a bit of harmless slagging.

    I think it will have no effect on religious belief and you're implication that the religious are religious because they are not intelligent is a little off the mark to say the least man.


  • Moderators, Arts Moderators Posts: 10,520 Mod ✭✭✭✭5uspect




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,038 ✭✭✭sponsoredwalk


    Only genetic enhancement? Why stop there?

    Support-Cloning_3902-l.jpg


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,809 ✭✭✭CerebralCortex


    5uspect wrote: »
    Sounds like Gattaca.

    FYI its just a movie. Sci-fi regularily gets it wrong even the great.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 7,346 ✭✭✭Rev Hellfire


    strobe wrote: »
    I invisage a world where the rich avail of this and the poor do not.
    So you're saying its business as usual then :D


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  • Moderators, Arts Moderators Posts: 10,520 Mod ✭✭✭✭5uspect


    FYI its just a movie. Sci-fi regularily gets it wrong even the great.

    Oh I know, the whole genetic determinism of it is just plain wrong.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    Yeah, the idea that your future is pre determined is more a religious idea, eg it features to some extent in Islam.
    Don't forget that "the poor" are not a fixed group. There is a good chance that your own grandparents occupied a different "position" in society to you; either being richer relative to their time or poorer. I accept that being rich at the start is a big help, but there is no absolute barrier, as with racism and the KKK as was mentioned.
    Also, being poor in the EU is not the same as being poor in a really poor country. None of us will ever starve to death. By the same token, all of us could conceivably avail of genetic engineering if we should choose that path.

    So, brushing aside any theistic objections, is it "a good thing" to take control of our own evolution?


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,862 ✭✭✭mikhail


    recedite wrote: »
    Don't forget that "the poor" are not a fixed group. There is a good chance that your own grandparents occupied a different "position" in society to you; either being richer relative to their time or poorer. I accept that being rich at the start is a big help, but there is no absolute barrier, as with racism and the KKK as was mentioned.
    Class mobility hasn't always been the norm. My grandfather was indeed from a different social class to me, but his great-great grandfather was the same class as him.

    Additionally, things are already skewed - the children of the wealthy enjoy better education and contacts than the rest of us, and if they were also taller, stronger, smarter, tougher, less prone to illness, handsomer, etc. then class mobility could become effectively impossible.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    mikhail wrote: »
    Class mobility hasn't always been the norm.....
    ... class mobility could become effectively impossible.
    Going back to an even earlier time, pre feudal times, class mobility was the norm. So it is a political construct, a choice made by society.

    In the early days of transplant surgery, only a few (probably the rich or well connected) could avail of it. But now if your kidney failed, your chances of a transplant are dependent on a compatible donor being found, not so much on your financial situation. We made that choice as a society, to share the technology.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 4,188 ✭✭✭pH


    It constantly amazes me how even non theists manage to spend a lot of time and energy figuring out what they'll let other people do - and to a certain degree it's all moot anyway - even if you succeed in inflicting your views on Ireland, someone, somewhere will do it, and what then?

    Let's imagine a time when human cloning, and generic alteration is possible, and we "ban" it in Ireland (or even the EU) - but other countries (say China, or India, or even small Caribbean states) decide to allow it.

    What then, economic sanctions or should be fight wars to prevent them?

    And what of the clones and GM-Humans themselves, should be stop then entering the country? stop them breeding with "real" humans?, maybe they should all just be rounded up and shot perhaps?

    When the tech is available it'll be used, at first probably to eliminate specific genetic diseases, but further down possibly to make people "better", smarter, fitter, less prone to obesity etc. The point is that everyone should have the right to decide for themselves what happens to them and their children, however arguments about what we're willing to let others do seem and relevant today as Ireland's once draconian pornography regulations once t'internet happened.


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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    recedite wrote: »
    Yes folks, it's on the way; technology to make your descendants smarter and fitter. The type of genetic engineering currently practised in the western world (gene therapy) involves the making of changes to cells which are not involved in reproduction. So they may cure a disease, but the cure is not inherited by the next generation. The reason for this is ethics. The law does not allow scientists to play God.
    But what if the law was written by atheists, as in China?
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2003/sep/23/20030923-093050-1220r/

    I always laugh at the bizarre arbitrary lines theists draw in the sand when telling the rest of the world not to play god. Its not playing god to makes cures for cancers, develop transplant medicine to move a heart from one person to another, genetically modify plants to give greater yield and resistance, but it is playing god to try to help people before they are born, to try to ensure that they suffer as little as possible during their lives, to try to improve them and give them a better quality of life.

    Even if this arbitrary line did constitute playing god, we wouldn't have to, if god got up off his arse and did it himself.
    recedite wrote: »
    It brings to mind this parable about a guy who met Jesus on a train, but still remained an atheist afterwards.
    http://www.fullmoon.nu/articles/art.php?id=tal

    Meh, read it before, thought the god in it had a piss poor excuse for not interefering with human life, given what he ultimately wanted out of it and given how human life progresses anyway.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    pH wrote: »

    And what of the clones and GM-Humans themselves, should be stop then entering the country? stop them breeding with "real" humans?, maybe they should all just be rounded up and shot perhaps?
    I think if and when it happens, those who are excluded will be excluded because they chose to opt out, not because they were poor. They might be the religious fundamentalists, or equally they might be just technophobes; the same people who refuse to eat GM wheat.
    Either way, they will risk creating their own underclass. I imagine they would be treated kindly though, much as the Amish are today. (The Amish occasionally call an ambulance and get taken to hospital when one falls ill; but they are generally not subjected to smart comments when this happens!)
    Meh, read it before, thought the god in it had a piss poor excuse for not interfering with human life, given what he ultimately wanted out of it and given how human life progresses anyway.
    Well, I think his (the god's) point was that if we weren't responsible enough to deal with dangerous technologies, then it wasn't a great idea for us to progress further. Also, it wasn't particularly his job to look after our individual welfare.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 62 ✭✭gothicus


    recedite wrote: »
    Yes folks, it's on the way; technology to make your descendants smarter and fitter. The type of genetic engineering currently practised in the western world (gene therapy) involves the making of changes to cells which are not involved in reproduction. So they may cure a disease, but the cure is not inherited by the next generation. The reason for this is ethics. The law does not allow scientists to play God.
    But what if the law was written by atheists, as in China?
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2003/sep/23/20030923-093050-1220r/

    It brings to mind this parable about a guy who met Jesus on a train, but still remained an atheist afterwards.
    http://www.fullmoon.nu/articles/art.php?id=tal

    The point is, would this technology be morally objectionable, or is it a moral prerogative for us, as a species, to better ourselves by pursuing it?

    Suppose the Chinese are seen to have become smarter, disease free and are winning in the Olympic games. I think the theistic societies (especially the USA who like to be the top dog) would drop their ethical objections. If they did that, and the population got smarter, would that be the end of religion?

    There are some big questions to be faced by society soon, and I suspect the religious philosophers are not going to be much help in all this.


    Tampering with fetus's is just plain wrong. Whats the point in creating someone who may just end up a herion addict? IF a fetus has some sort of disease that can be cured by technology then it is ok but to modify a fetus to create some sort of superperson is wrong. Changing society and people is slow process which will not be helped by this sort of 'god playing'


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    gothicus wrote: »
    Tampering with fetus's is just plain wrong. Whats the point in creating someone who may just end up a herion addict? IF a fetus has some sort of disease that can be cured by technology then it is ok but to modify a fetus to create some sort of superperson is wrong. Changing society and people is slow process which will not be helped by this sort of 'god playing'
    Not sure where to start with this, but basically you would benefit from a bit more science education.:)


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,809 ✭✭✭CerebralCortex


    gothicus wrote: »
    Tampering with fetus's is just plain wrong. Whats the point in creating someone who may just end up a herion addict? IF a fetus has some sort of disease that can be cured by technology then it is ok but to modify a fetus to create some sort of superperson is wrong. Changing society and people is slow process which will not be helped by this sort of 'god playing'

    By that arbitrary token picking the best partner as possible for your kids coupled with educating those kids to the highest degree etc. is wrong.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,809 ✭✭✭CerebralCortex


    mikhail wrote: »
    ...Additionally, things are already skewed - the children of the wealthy enjoy better education and contacts than the rest of us, and if they were also taller, stronger, smarter, tougher, less prone to illness, handsomer, etc. then class mobility could become effectively impossible.

    That says absolutely nothing against genetic enhancement though, does it? The argument that it's bad because only the rich can afford it is pathetic (if that's what you're alluding to?). Also I could just as easily envisage a world where GE/GM tech help to make resources more abundant.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,005 ✭✭✭Enkidu


    If the technology is developed then I would imagine that it would simply become part of everyday life. As pH said our worryings about it may simply be seen in the future in a manner similar to how medieval laws and ethics are viewed today.

    However, I'm not sure that some of the proposed capabilities of genetic engineering are that realistic. Similar to AI, just because a very primitive version of the technology exists today doesn't mean the future will be full of a Philip K. Dick novel style projection of it. Similar to how Steam technology was advancing in the Victorian age and people imagined that the future would be full of steam powered machines that could do virtually anything.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,164 ✭✭✭cavedave


    gothicus

    Changing society and people is slow process which will not be helped by this sort of 'god playing'

    Until very recently people who were susceptible to measles, rubella and other childhood diseases dies in very high proportions. The creation of childhood vaccines has massively changed the selective pressures on humans. We are rapidly changing the genetic makeup of humans by not allowing children to die of measles. Is this immoral?

    Or to move it out a few years. If you childbirth used to be one of the biggest killers. Now due to better caesareans and such it isn't. We are artificially and suddenly preventing selection for child rearing hips. Do you run protests outside maternity hospitals because they are rapidly artificaly altering the selective pressures on humans?

    I dont think we will be able to select for super humans. Pinker goes through the argument here. Basically all the genetic mutations that give you massive improvements in some characteristic also massively increase the risk of really nasty genetic diseases. For every Freud and Einstein there are a lot of people with Tay–Sachs disease.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    recedite wrote: »
    Well, I think his (the god's) point was that if we weren't responsible enough to deal with dangerous technologies, then it wasn't a great idea for us to progress further. Also, it wasn't particularly his job to look after our individual welfare.

    This god created us for personal purposes (a kind of cosmic orgasm), so its in his best interests to have us advance as quickly as possible. If he is worried about us being irresponsible, then he should teach us to be repsonisble, its perfectly possible, people teach their kids (and each other) responsibility all the time and a deity should be damn good at it.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    gothicus wrote: »
    Tampering with fetus's is just plain wrong. Whats the point in creating someone who may just end up a herion addict?

    Er, I dont think the point of genetic engineering is to actual create heroin addicts. In fact, it may be possible to reduce the likely hood of people becoming heroin addicts through genetic engineering.
    gothicus wrote: »
    IF a fetus has some sort of disease that can be cured by technology then it is ok but to modify a fetus to create some sort of superperson is wrong.

    Is stupidity not a disease? What about being prone to addiction? Or the parts of the body that are prone to failure (tonsils, the appendix, certian joints) should we not imporve them before they fail?
    gothicus wrote: »
    Changing society and people is slow process which will not be helped by this sort of 'god playing'

    Changing society and people is only slow because we dont interfere. Crop growing used to be very slow, but through this "god playing", we now have very fast growing crops, without which a lot more people in the world would be going hungry every day.


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  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    This god created us for personal purposes (a kind of cosmic orgasm), so its in his best interests to have us advance as quickly as possible. If he is worried about us being irresponsible, then he should teach us to be repsonisble, its perfectly possible, people teach their kids (and each other) responsibility all the time and a deity should be damn good at it.
    Training has its limits though. You can have a friendly very well trained dog, but you can never be 100% certain that it won't bite someone. You can be 100% sure with a goldfish, but then they're not such good company. Having a pet can be a tricky balancing act.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    Enkidu wrote: »
    Steam technology was advancing in the Victorian age and people imagined that the future would be full of steam powered machines that could do virtually anything.
    Nuclear submarines are steam engines, and someday you might be driving around in a fusion powered steam engine car.:)


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    recedite wrote: »
    Training has its limits though. You can have a friendly very well trained dog, but you can never be 100% certain that it won't bite someone. You can be 100% sure with a goldfish, but then they're not such good company.

    I'm pretty sure the entity that created the universe can overcome these limits. Most humans are smarter than a goldfish.
    recedite wrote: »
    Having a pet can be a tricky balancing act.

    According to the story, we aren't pets, the entity is actually growing something to have cosmic sex with. Its basically this:
    220px-Movie_poster_for_Weird_Science_(1985).jpg


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,862 ✭✭✭mikhail


    That says absolutely nothing against genetic enhancement though, does it? The argument that it's bad because only the rich can afford it is pathetic (if that's what you're alluding to?). Also I could just as easily envisage a world where GE/GM tech help to make resources more abundant.
    I was responding to a subdiscussion about that. I'm not making that argument: merely pointing out that a particular post dismissing a proposed consequence was incorrect.

    Just follow the link to the post I quote and continue up that line for another three or four posts.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 237 ✭✭DeBunny


    mikhail wrote: »
    Class mobility hasn't always been the norm. My grandfather was indeed from a different social class to me, but his great-great grandfather was the same class as him.

    Additionally, things are already skewed - the children of the wealthy enjoy better education and contacts than the rest of us, and if they were also taller, stronger, smarter, tougher, less prone to illness, handsomer, etc. then class mobility could become effectively impossible.

    This has already happened. Has anyone else noticed how hot the women on the green luas line are compared to those on the red luas line? :pac:

    Seriously though, it's weird. Also, poor people are more prone to illness.

    For those of you who don't know; the red line travels through "disadvantaged areas". Tallaght to the north side of town. And the green line travels through "well to do areas". Stephen's green to Sandyford and beyond.

    (I live along the red luas line btw)


  • Moderators, Society & Culture Moderators Posts: 25,558 Mod ✭✭✭✭Dades


    DeBunny wrote: »
    This has already happened. Has anyone else noticed how hot the women on the green luas line are compared to those on the red luas line? :pac:
    The ladies on the red line aren't as hot as tracksuits really don't keep you warm in this weather.


  • Moderators, Society & Culture Moderators Posts: 24,427 Mod ✭✭✭✭robindch


    Tracksuits? Pyjamas were de rigeur last time I looked.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,038 ✭✭✭sponsoredwalk


    Hey! There are non-tracker-wearing buwds up in tallaghfornia I'll have you's
    know ;)Story of heartbreak... :(


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 389 ✭✭keppler


    DeBunny wrote: »

    (I live along the red luas line btw)


    Does this mean you're ugly too..:D


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  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    According to the story, we aren't pets, the entity is actually growing something to have cosmic sex with.
    You're making me nervous now of whats in store for us ...I hope He's not going to be like one of those burly prison gang leaders ;)

    Seriously though, like all good relationships, its more about the company than sex;

    "My personal motivation is the desire to optimise the intelligence of the Univierse. In your own terms, I strive to maximise pleasure and minimise pain. A great deal of pleasure, however, arises from communications between separate entities. Once you’ve achieved my level, we tend to cease to be billions of separate entities and become one ecstatic whole. A single entity that cannot die unless it loses the will to live. Advanced and self contained though I am, or perhaps, more accurately, because I am so advanced and self contained, one of the pleasures we lose along the way is that simple joy of meeting new and unpredictable minds and either learning from or teaching them. Thus, in large part, the point of the exercise is to provide company. I am the first eternal in this Universe. I do not intend to be the last’

    The point of a parable I suppose is that it doesn't have to be true. It only has to be plausible, and then it should make you think.

    Re the pet comparisons; Dinosaurs were considered too aggressive, and dolphins (or goldfish) too passive. A certain duality of bad ass competitiveness combined with responsibility is required, and in this case survival itself is the selection process. So if we destroy ourselves in a nuclear war, or whatever, we will have proven ourselves too aggressive. But if we shun progress, and become extinct after a cosmic meteor strike (lacking the technology to do anything about it) we are too passive.

    BTW The internet itself in some ways facilitates a primitive hive mind.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    cavedave wrote: »
    I don't think we will be able to select for super humans. Pinker goes through the argument here. Basically all the genetic mutations that give you massive improvements in some characteristic also massively increase the risk of really nasty genetic diseases. For every Freud and Einstein there are a lot of people with Tay–Sachs disease.
    Just got round to listening to the lecture. It's the only valid objection raised so far that I can see. The diseases mentioned seem to be a trade off for possible better neuron development in the particular Ashkenazim population. However, that is supposed to be due to natural selection in action; maybe a more focused approach as would be the case in controlled genetic engineering would iron out these problems.
    BTW in a room full of Jews, there is a lot about natural selection and no mention of creationism. Aren't they supposed to believe in the old testament? :D

    Certainly we could easily reverse any of this genetic antagonistic pleiotropy which provided benefits in the past, but which are redundant now. Eg. if cystic fibrosis confers some immunity against cholera or typhoid, and sickle cell anaemia does the same for malaria, wouldn't we be better off using medicine to deal with any case of the contagious diseases and then eliminating the genetic ones permanently through genetic engineering?
    As Pinker says at the end, (in relation to genetic research) "Its when the objections are centred not on the activity of the research (that is who might be harmed), but by the content of the ideas, that makes any kind of prohibition dangerous".
    Its exactly the problem Copernicus faced when the flat-earthers saw what he was at.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,005 ✭✭✭Enkidu


    recedite wrote: »
    However, that is supposed to be due to natural selection in action; maybe a more focused approach as would be the case in controlled genetic engineering would iron out these problems.
    The only problem is a combinatorial one. The amount of genetic information in the genome is enormous because there is also information in the relation between the genomes and how they react to each others presence. This leads to a combinatorial explosion of possibilities (essentially every possible combination of genes in every order).

    Genetic engineering would involve a successful exploration of this space of genetic possibilities. However in exploring a space that large, quite often random processes (e.g. genetic mutation) with constraints (e.g. natural selection) are faster than a focused process. This is the power of random processes.

    So we may be stuck with only altering within a small margin of what nature has already produced. This is the only way to keep the number of free parameters you alter low enough to control. However it's so low it doesn't really give you the freedom to iron out the problems. At least that is my understanding.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 237 ✭✭DeBunny


    keppler wrote: »
    Does this mean you're ugly too..:D

    Yes. :uglysmily:

    Bu' me moh' lives on the greeyin loin so stick i' up yar howil. :pac:


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    DeBunny wrote: »
    Yes. :uglysmily:

    Bu' me moh' lives on the greeyin loin so stick i' up yar howil. :pac:
    Excuse me sir, but how did you gain entry to this forum? Can I see your ticket please?


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    recedite wrote: »
    You're making me nervous now of whats in store for us ...I hope He's not going to be like one of those burly prison gang leaders ;)

    Deity looks at our species thinking "Them human species got a purty mouth"
    :pac:
    recedite wrote: »
    Seriously though, like all good relationships, its more about the company than sex;

    "My personal motivation is the desire to optimise the intelligence of the Univierse. In your own terms, I strive to maximise pleasure and minimise pain. A great deal of pleasure, however, arises from communications between separate entities. Once you’ve achieved my level, we tend to cease to be billions of separate entities and become one ecstatic whole. A single entity that cannot die unless it loses the will to live. Advanced and self contained though I am, or perhaps, more accurately, because I am so advanced and self contained, one of the pleasures we lose along the way is that simple joy of meeting new and unpredictable minds and either learning from or teaching them. Thus, in large part, the point of the exercise is to provide company. I am the first eternal in this Universe. I do not intend to be the last’

    The point of a parable I suppose is that it doesn't have to be true. It only has to be plausible, and then it should make you think.

    It certainly is good at making me think, just look down :).
    recedite wrote: »
    Re the pet comparisons; Dinosaurs were considered too aggressive, and dolphins (or goldfish) too passive. A certain duality of bad ass competitiveness combined with responsibility is required, and in this case survival itself is the selection process. So if we destroy ourselves in a nuclear war, or whatever, we will have proven ourselves too aggressive. But if we shun progress, and become extinct after a cosmic meteor strike (lacking the technology to do anything about it) we are too passive.

    BTW The internet itself in some ways facilitates a primitive hive mind.

    If you think about it though, current human progress is based on the same criteria - we use competitiveness to motivate our technological advancement and we rely on a sense of responsibility so that we dont just start using new technologies on people disregarding their safety (not that we are particularly good at that part). But we still interfere with each others progress, we have to as this maximises our ability to advance. When someone develops a novel and useful material, gagdet or scientific theory, they dont keep it to themselves for fear of affecting the advancement of others.
    I think the reason for non interference given in the story satisfies a lot of people because it explains it away as a kind of cosmic cheat, one which wouldn't ultimately succeed. Imo, though, all technological advancemnt can be seen a s cosmic cheats, humans taking advantage of the rules and running of the universe to make life easier for ourselves, essentially cheating on how nature would expect us to be.


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  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    Enkidu wrote: »
    random processes (e.g. genetic mutation) with constraints (e.g. natural selection) are faster than a focused process. This is the power of random processes.

    So we may be stuck with only altering within a small margin of what nature has already produced. This is the only way to keep the number of free parameters you alter low enough to control. However it's so low it doesn't really give you the freedom to iron out the problems. At least that is my understanding.
    Natural selection has ceased, and probably reversed for humans (see the movie Idiocracy :D)
    As the random genetic recombinations are still occurring, isn't it now up to us to sort out the good ones from the bad ones?

    If you think about it though, current human progress is based on the same criteria - we use competitiveness to motivate our technological advancement and we rely on a sense of responsibility so that we don't just start using new technologies on people disregarding their safety (not that we are particularly good at that part). But we still interfere with each others progress, we have to as this maximises our ability to advance.
    But we are all at an equivalent level. It might be different when there is a vast technological difference; this is the view taken by the author of Star Trek when he made the prime directive, I think it was called, when they weren't allowed to interfere with the development of any low level civilisations they encountered.
    Looking at it another way, early humans must have had a tough time, but if you could go back in time to make things easier for them, that interference would perhaps reduce the selection pressures on them, thereby making their descendants (us) less fit for purpose.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 471 ✭✭checkyabadself


    It could be great. Most people are useless idiots. Then again, listening to Sheldon Cooper types correcting us all the time, might prove tiresome after a few days.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    recedite wrote: »
    Looking at it another way, early humans must have had a tough time, but if you could go back in time to make things easier for them, that interference would perhaps reduce the selection pressures on them, thereby making their descendants (us) less fit for purpose.

    By that argument, our technological advances, which reduce natural pressures on us, will make our descendants less fit for purpose, so should we not advance technologically? The way I see it (and its great, because it ties in with the thread), the issue here is whether or not its right for us to take natural processes (evolution, natural genetic modification (cross breeding), technological advancement etc) and speed them up.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,005 ✭✭✭Enkidu


    recedite wrote: »
    Natural selection has ceased, and probably reversed for humans (see the movie Idiocracy :D)
    As the random genetic recombinations are still occurring, isn't it now up to us to sort out the good ones from the bad ones?
    Unfortunately that may be a task beyond our computational capabilities, since most genes can be both good or bad, or bad relative to another gene, e.t.c.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    By that argument, our technological advances, which reduce natural pressures on us, will make our descendants less fit for purpose, so should we not advance technologically? The way I see it (and its great, because it ties in with the thread), the issue here is whether or not its right for us to take natural processes (evolution, natural genetic modification (cross breeding), technological advancement etc) and speed them up.
    That would seem to be the next logical step for us, as a species.
    Enkidu wrote: »
    Unfortunately that may be a task beyond our computational capabilities, since most genes can be both good or bad, or bad relative to another gene, e.t.c.
    I think we can make a start at it, taking the easiest or most obvious enhancements first. The Chinese seem to agree.


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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 9,788 ✭✭✭MrPudding


    Enkidu wrote: »
    Unfortunately that may be a task beyond our computational capabilities, since most genes can be both good or bad, or bad relative to another gene, e.t.c.
    100 years ago we had almost no computational abilities. 50 years ago the computational abilities of the most powerful machines known to man were orders of magnatude less than the average mobile phone today. 3 years ago the CGI for the movie Inception was beyond our computational abilities. Give it time.

    MrP


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,353 ✭✭✭Goduznt Xzst


    The issue with genetically enhancing humans is in the assumption that the goal of all humans is for a longer, disease and ailment free life.

    Not only that but it embues in utero humans with qualities that will invariably drastically dictate the personality they will develop. It assumes that it is better for a human to be stronger, faster and smarter.

    An additional caveat of said technology would be its use by even the noblest of societies. Everyone can't be an intellectual or be equal in abilities. In utero it will have to be decided whether a child will have a physical or intellectual job. It will create a caste system unlike any we've seen before.

    If, during an individuals life, an intellectual wishes to have a physical line of work or vice versa, they will now be limited by the choices that where made for them prior to birth. If you have enough people in this disenfranchised situation it will eventually lead to a revolt and an almost complete abolishing of the technology that sealed their faiths before they had the strength or will to fight against it.

    You could attempt to create everyone equal. But this would be disastrous imo. Why would an individual with savant like intelligence choose to spend his life in hard labour? You would need to create a system where a large majority of humanities maintenance is automated. But by then we'd merely be corporeal vehicles of flesh and bone transporting our brains from location to location. A living hell imo.

    "The arrow shot by the archer may, or may not, kill a single person. But stratagems devised by a wise man, can kill even babes in the womb."


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,005 ✭✭✭Enkidu


    recedite wrote: »
    I think we can make a start at it, taking the easiest or most obvious enhancements first. The Chinese seem to agree.
    Oh, I agree. However I do believe the technology will not be able to progress as far or to the same degree that people often imagine, since most people's impressions are informed by science fiction.
    100 years ago we had almost no computational abilities. 50 years ago the computational abilities of the most powerful machines known to man were orders of magnatude less than the average mobile phone today. 3 years ago the CGI for the movie Inception was beyond our computational abilities. Give it time.
    I think this is pure techno-optimism. It is easy to take a trend in recent years and extrapolate it into the future until it is "just a matter of time" until we are capable of it. It also ignores limitations in the nature of the problem independent of its realisation on computers. Genetic manipulation is basically a seating problem (sitting guests at a table, similar to sitting the right genetic chemicals into the right part of the chromosome). A hard seating problem is equivalent to the travelling salesman problem, an NP-hard problem. Any NP-hard problem will not be improved on much even if computers improve by orders of magnitude.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 62 ✭✭gothicus


    cavedave wrote: »
    Until very recently people who were susceptible to measles, rubella and other childhood diseases dies in very high proportions. The creation of childhood vaccines has massively changed the selective pressures on humans. We are rapidly changing the genetic makeup of humans by not allowing children to die of measles. Is this immoral?

    Or to move it out a few years. If you childbirth used to be one of the biggest killers. Now due to better caesareans and such it isn't. We are artificially and suddenly preventing selection for child rearing hips. Do you run protests outside maternity hospitals because they are rapidly artificaly altering the selective pressures on humans?

    I dont believe medicine should be used to selectively engineer a human to be smarter than the persons own original genes, healthier ok yes, I can see possible benifits pre birth in making a baby healthier if a defect is found, but genetics like this are changing the way a person is naturally created which is disturbing.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 62 ✭✭gothicus


    Er, I dont think the point of genetic engineering is to actual create heroin addicts. In fact, it may be possible to reduce the likely hood of people becoming heroin addicts through genetic engineering.

    Life is what can make a person become an addict, no amount of pre birth genitics will take into account 80+ years of living and experiences

    Is stupidity not a disease? What about being prone to addiction? Or the parts of the body that are prone to failure (tonsils, the appendix, certian joints) should we not imporve them before they fail?

    A person can be 'stupid' at one thing but excel greatly at somehthing else, the blind person analogy of being actually blind yet been muscially gifted been an example.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,164 ✭✭✭cavedave


    gothicus
    Life is what can make a person become an addict, no amount of pre birth genitics will take into account 80+ years of living and experiences

    Do you have any evidence of this. From what I have seen addiction seems to be a substantially inheritable characteristic.
    Depending on the study, the risk of alcoholism in siblings of alcoholics is between 1.5 and 4 times the risk for the general population. The identical twins of alcoholics (who share 100 percent of their genes) are more likely to be alcoholics than the fraternal twins of alcoholics (who share only about 50 percent). Adoption study data suggest that the risk for developing alcoholism for adopted children is influenced more by whether their biological parents were alcoholics than whether their adopted parents are alcoholics, suggesting that genes contribute to alcoholism more than environment.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 13,992 ✭✭✭✭recedite


    gothicus wrote: »
    genetics like this are changing the way a person is naturally created which is disturbing.
    The majority in Europe and China would probably agree with you. People naturally fear the unknown and are nervous of what they don't understand. We are getting back to the "playing God" thing which people don't like.
    The difference in China is that those in charge who believe they understand the risks and benefits, have decided to go ahead with it.
    Like when they decide on a plan to redevelop a city, they don't wait for permission from all the residents. They just do it.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,792 ✭✭✭Mark Hamill


    gothicus wrote: »
    A person can be 'stupid' at one thing but excel greatly at somehthing else, the blind person analogy of being actually blind yet been muscially gifted been an example.

    Being blind doesn't mean you are visually stupid, it means you are visually ignorant, you are simply unaware of the visual (in the same way as a seeing person is), so its not the same thing that I'm saying. The stupid I'm talking about is the lack of logical thinking, inductive or deductive reasoning, spacial reasoning.


  • Closed Accounts Posts: 62 ✭✭gothicus


    cavedave wrote: »
    Do you have any evidence of this. From what I have seen addiction seems to be a substantially inheritable characteristic.

    I dont need to post quotes from some online book to have 'evidence of this'. Ive known friends who have had parents who were not drink or drug users yet they themselves did become dependant of drink and drugs, two of whom are dead because of it. People are born free, its the enviroment around them that is the only influence.


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,164 ✭✭✭cavedave


    gothicus
    Ive known friends who have had parents who were not drink or drug users yet they themselves did become dependant of drink and drugs, two of whom are dead because of it. People are born free, its the enviroment around them that is the only influence.
    That is a really bizarre claim. Are you claiming I could have been a wet nurse in spite of my genes if the environment had not gotten in the way?

    I have known lots of people who beat the odds. The race is not always to the swift or the battle to the strong. But that is the way you should bet.

    The evidence for genetic correlation with traits and beliefs is strong.


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